Gnav MAY LT LATEST

On a Lambert conformal conic chart the convergence of the meridians.. Ais zero throughout the chart. Bequals earth convergency at the standard parallels. Cvaries as the secant of the latitude. Dis the same as earth convergency at the parallel of origin.

Dis the same as earth convergency at the parallel of origin.

on Lambert conformal chart position A is shown as on the parallel of origin and it is asking you for what the following is true about convergency EC=CC EC>CC EC<CC

EC=CC EARTH CONVERGENCY = CHART CONVEGRENCY

SEE THIS.

I got right as it just makes sense

IFYOU SEE THIS QUESTION

JUST ADJUST FOR LMT LONG DVIDE BY 15 AND BECUASE IT IS MORE WEST WE NEED TO ADD BECUASE IT IS SUNRISE LATER

Lambert chart

Lambert conical chart touches the earth at two points hence we say 2 standard of parallels Parallel of origin is just halfway between these 2 standards of parallel scale is only correct at the 2 standard of parallels. at the parallel of origin scale is minimum/smallest. so scale contracts as we get closer to it from the standard of parallels and expands other way. convergency is just to workout the average lat between the two standards and then thats your chart convergency to use. simple as that great circle lines here are drawn as straight line BUT TECHNICALLY they are concave to the parallel of origin rhumb lines are concave to the pole. so basically doesn't matter what side they are of the PoO they will be concave to pole. great circles track concave to the PoO. but for drawing prupsoses are drawn as straight lines.

Two positions at the same latitude are marked on a Polar Stereographic chart and the meridians at those positions converge with an angle of 30°. The effect of this convergence is that the true track of... Athe rhumb line and great circle route between those two positions will differ by 30° at either position. Bthe rhumb line route between those two positions will change by 30°. Ca straight line drawn between those two positions will change by 30°. Dthe great circle route between those two positions will change by 30°.

Ca straight line drawn between those two positions will change by 30°.

Two places are situated on the same parallel in the Southern Hemisphere. The great circle, rhumb line and the straight line between these places are drawn on a Polar Stereographic Projection. Which statement is correct? A) The great circle is situated between the parallel and the straight line, because the concave side of the great circle is always pointed towards the pole. B) The great circle is situated between the parallel and the straight line, because the concave side of the great circle is always pointed towards the equator. C) The rhumb line is situated between the great circle and the straight line because the shortest distance between to places on Earth is the great circle. D) The correct sequence from North to South is: Great circle, straight line, rhumb line.

A) The great circle is situated between the parallel and the straight line, because the concave side of the great circle is always pointed towards the pole. concave to PoO.

The definition of True North for any observer is the... A) direction of the observer's meridian to the North Pole. B) direction of the Greenwich Meridian to the North Pole. C) reading of the observer's compass corrected for deviation and local variation. D) direction of the observer's Magnetic North corrected for local variation.

A) direction of the observer's meridian to the North Pole.

The accuracy of the, manually calculated, DR-position of an aircraft is, among other things, affected by: A) the accuracy of the forecasted wind. B) the accuracy of the actual wind. C) the accuracy of the adjustment of the position lines for the motion of the aircraft between the last and the new DR-position. D) the accuracy of the adjustment of the position lines for the motion of the aircraft between the last fix and the DR-position.

A) the accuracy of the forecasted wind.

You are on a VFR flight and the traffic circuit altitude of your destination has to be established 5 NM before reaching the aerodrome. Given: Ground Speed: 130 kts Cruising altitude: 4 500 ft AMSL Traffic circuit altitude: 2 500 ft AMSL Rate of descent: 500 ft/min Calculate the shortest distance from the destination where you must initiate the descent. A14 NM B20 NM C9 NM D25 NM

A14 NM you need to add on the 5nm

The TAS is 240 kt and the wind is blowing 30° from the right of your track at 60 kt. Determine the Groundspeed, using Mental Dead Reckoning: A186 kt B180 kt C210 kt D198 kt

A186 kt just do trig. dr method gets you wrong answer of 180

The Magnetic North Pole seems to rotate around the geographical North Pole. What is the approximate rate of this movement? A1° in 5 years. B1° in 1 year. C1° in 11 years. D1° in 9 years.

A1° in 5 years.

Refer to figure. According to ICAO Annex 4, which symbol represents a non-compulsory (on request) fly-over point? A2 B1 C5 D3

A2 3 is a fly by way point 2 is a fly over on request

What is the average TAS climbing from an airfield at 2 000 ft up to FL290, given an airfield temperature of 20°C, a CAS 180 kt and QNH 1013? A248 kt B289 kt C228 kt D238 kt

A248 kt

What is the average TAS climbing from an airfield at 2 000 ft up to FL290, given an airfield temperature of 20°C, a CAS 180 kt and QNH 1013? A248 kt B289 kt C228 kt D238 kt

A248 kt I made a poor error in the question bank. I realised that I had to work out that ISA +9 is standard that we are applying from the 20 degree at 2000ft but forgot to do 2/3. instead I done a simple average of at 24000 and at 2000 but that is obviously wrong. align 20000 with - 16 and you get your answer reading 248/249

A pilot reduces their CAS from 130 kt to 105 kt. Determine the reduction in TAS, given: Altitude: 7 000 ft QNH: 1013 hPa OAT: -8 °C A27 kt B26 kt C31 kt D29 kt

A27 kt look how close they put their answers. make sure you are accurate

What is a line drawn on a chart which joins all points where the value of magnetic variation is zero? AAn agonic line. BAn isogonal line. CAn isotach. DAn aclinic line.

AAn agonic line.

Given: TAS = 210 kt CAS = 190 kt Pressure Altitude = 9000 ft Calculate Mach number: A0.31 B0.34 C0.28 D0.32

0.34 nasty question. we can't assume isa conditions so just align cas with tas value and then go to pressure alt window and see -20 aligned with alt and so you can do 273-20 sqr root by 39 and divide tas by it and you get mach. nasty

which symbol represents the relief shown by hachures? a) 1 b) 9 c) 3) d) 6

3

Two positions lie at the same geographical latitude. Position A is at 076°E, Position B at 126°E. Sunrise occurs at 07:29 ST at Position B. Provided that both positions are within the same time zone, what is the ST of sunrise at Position A? A) 10:49 ST B) 07:29 ST C) 04:09 ST D) 06:39 ST

A) 10:49 ST

You are flying continuously during daylight on an eastbound track on the 12th of the month. What is the date after crossing the International Date Line?" A) 11th of the month B) 10th of the month C) 13th of the month D) 12th of the month

A) 11th of the month EASTBOUND SO WE MINUS A DATE. REMEBER THE STORY FROM TEAHCER

Which statement is true? A) The declination of the Sun and the latitude of the observer will affect the duration of civil twilight. B) Only the declination of the Sun will affect the duration of civil twilight. C) Civil twilight at the Equator lasts longer than at 60°N or 60°S because the radius of the Equator is larger than the radius of the 60° parallel. D) The duration of the civil twilight on 21st of March and on 23rd of September is equal at all places on Earth independent of latitude.

A) The declination of the Sun and the latitude of the observer will affect the duration of civil twilight.

A definition of a Magnetic Track angle is: A) The direction of a line referenced to Magnetic North. B) The direction of a line referenced to the isogonic line to the Magnetic North pole. Compass North. C) The direction of the longitudinal axis of an aircraft referenced to Compass North. D) The direction of the longitudinal axis of an aircraft referenced to Magnetic North.

A) The direction of a line referenced to Magnetic North.

Which one of the following describes the appearance of rhumb lines, except meridians, on a Polar Stereographic chart? ACurves concave to the Pole BCurves convex to the Pole CStraight lines DEllipses around the Pole

ACurves concave to the Pole only straight line in mercatorrrr GC always concave to PO(parallel of origin) MERCATOR => PO=equator LAMBERT=> PO=between standard parallels POLAR=> PO=Pole RL=> concave to the pole except in Mercator, its A straight line

Consider the distance between any two geodetic lines of longitude (meridians) separated by 10° on the surface of the Earth ellipsoid. What happens to the distance between the meridians, when measured at the same latitude? AIt remains constant for a given change of longitude. BIt increases then decreases with increasing longitude. CIt increases with increasing longitude. DIt decreases with increasing longitude.

AIt remains constant for a given change of longitude. stupid question comes up in lt

Refer to GSPRM Jeppesen E(LO)2. You are planning to fly from Pole Hill (POL, N53º45' W002º06') to Dean Cross (DCS, N54º43' W003º20'). What is the shortest applicable route between those two points? APOL - Y70 - KOLID - GUNTU - N864 - DCS BPOL - RIBEL - N601 - TLA - UNURU - N864 - DCS CPOL - N57 - DCS DPOL - Y70 - CROFT - L612 - DCS

APOL - Y70 - KOLID - GUNTU - N864 - DCS careful you have to look at the direction of the airway. some are just one way

If the chart distance of one minute of longitude, along parallel 55°N, is 3.1 mm on a Direct Mercator chart, what is the scale of the chart at 40°N? A 1 : 447 320 B 1 : 457 650 C 1 : 797 890 D 1 : 779 880

B 1 : 457 650 heave to be careful because one minute is 1nm BUT THATS ON EQUATOR. AJDUST BY DOING DEPATURE TO GET EARTH DISTANCE

An aircraft is flying a low-level VFR route over a mountainous area, which is covered by snow, in high latitudes. Power lines are... ADangerous if they are situated along a ridge, but pose less of a risk of they are crossing a valley. BDangerous, especially if they cross valleys, but pose less of a risk if they are situated along ridge. CSafely overflown due to their small vertical extent. DEasily identified, as they are always marked on maps and can therefore be safely avoided.

BDangerous, especially if they cross valleys, but pose less of a risk if they are situated along ridge.

Magnetic variation... Amust have a value of 0° at the magnetic Equator. Bhas a maximum value of 180°. Cvaries between a maximum of 45° East and 45° West. Dcannot exceed 90°.

Bhas a maximum value of 180°.

At 00:00 Local Mean Time the... A apparent Sun is in transit with the observer's anti-meridian. B mean Sun is in transit with the observer's anti-meridian. C mean Sun is in transit with the observer's meridian. D apparent Sun is in transit with the observer's meridian.

Bmean Sun is in transit with the observer's anti-meridian.

Which of the following numbers refer to the relief of an aeronautical topographical chart? A) 1, 10, 15 B) 11, 12, 13 C) 1, 2, 3 D) 2, 3, 11

C) 1, 2, 3 relief is 1,2,3. remember

An aircraft departs from A and flies to location B. The flight involves crossing the International Date Line. Determine the Local Mean Time (LMT) and date upon arrival at B, given: Flight time: 1 hour Change of longitude between A and B: 15 degrees Track direction: West Departure time and date from A: 12:00 LMT, 5th August A) 14:00, 5th August B) 12:00, 4th August C) 12:00, 6th August D) 14:00, 6th August

C) 12:00, 6th August you have to get your head around this

Two locations A and B have the same latitude and are located on a meridian and anti-meridian. On a Lambert conical projection map, the angle between these two meridians is 156°. What is the parallel of the origin of this map? A) 60° N or S. B) 55° N or S. C) 35° N or S. D) 30° N or S.

C) 35° N or S. came up in lt and I got it wrong. realise that the change in longitude is 180 degrees and that the convergence here is what they have said to be 156. as it is the angle between the two points. Lambert chart has remeber sine of PoO X CHANGE IN LONG = Convergency angle Sine of PoO X 180 = 159 solve and you get your answer.

The great circle distance between position A 59°34.1'N, 008°08.4'E and B 30°25.9'N, 171°51.6'W is... A) 10800 NM B) 10800 km C) 5400 NM D) 2700 NM

C) 5400 NM okay makes so much sense. here we should realise that the shortest route is not the normal departure but through the poles. this means we just need to work out the nm up to the pole from our 55N position and then back down to our other north position LATITUDE AT THE POLE IS 90degerees. thus we just do lat at pole minus 55 N and then again 90degree at pole minus arrival lat and then timex by 60. no need to do cos stuff because we are not going horotoanlly like for departure the most frustrating thing is that it is so easy to understand yet the explanation fail to say one key key thing. the pole ALWAYS have a latitude of 90 degrees. (90N for North Pole and 90S for South Pole). when we have a situation like the coordinates given we can see that doing a normal departure forumla wouldn't work because we would be going the long way around the earth to the arrival point. the quickest way would be over the pole. instead of traveling across 180 degrees of longitude we just hop over the pole and back down to the arrival point. hence we just need to work out the change in latitude to the pole and then back down to the point and x60 to get in NM. no need to COS of anything because we are staying on the same meridian. just changing latitude. I really hope that helps clear it up for at least one person.

What is required to establish a track plot? A) The air position and a pinpoint. B) The last position, air position and DR position. C) At least two pinpoints or fixes. D) The last position and the DR position.

C) At least two pinpoints or fixes.

For descent planning from 15 000 feet MSL to 3 000 feet MSL, a glide path angle of 3° shall be flown. The ground speed at 15 000 feet is 180 kt, the ground speed at 3 000 feet is 150 kt. To maintain a glide path angle of 3°, the rate of descent will: A) Be constant 750 ft/min. B) Be constant 900 ft/min. C) Decrease from 900 ft/min to 750 ft/min. D) Be constant 825 ft/min.

C) Decrease from 900 ft/min to 750 ft/min. got this wrong twice now. be careful and cautious of the word constant in this question. kind of distinct and thus easy to recall in exam.

The distance between geodetic parallels of latitude on the surface of the WGS 84 ellipsoid... A) Increases and then decreases. B) Decreases with increasing latitude. C) Increases with increasing latitude. D) Remains constant.

C) Increases with increasing latitude. WGS we grow slow!

The pilot is in radio contact with an Air Traffic Control unit but has become unsure of the aircraft's position. The pilot's initial action(s) if fuel is NOT critical is: A) Change frequency to 121.5 MHz and make an urgency (PAN) call. B) Continue to fly on the current heading until position is established. C) Note the time and request assistance from the ATC unit. D) Turn back towards the aircraft's last confirmed position.

C) Note the time and request assistance from the ATC unit. never be afraid to ask for help

Which formula can be used to calculate the rate of climb/descent? A) Rate of climb/descent (feet/min) = Climb/Descent Angle (°) × 100 ÷ 60 B) Rate of climb/descent (feet/min) = Arctg (Altitude difference (ft) ÷ Ground distance covered (in ft)) C) Rate of climb/descent (feet/min) = (Groundspeed (kts) × Gradient (ft/NM)) ÷ 60 D) Rate of climb/descent (feet/min) = (Altitude difference (ft) × 100) ÷ Ground difference (in ft)

C) Rate of climb/descent (feet/min) = (Groundspeed (kts) × Gradient (ft/NM)) ÷ 60

What is the 'standard parallel' with reference to a Lambert chart? A) The latitudes where the scale is similar to the scale of the parallel of origin. B) The parallel where the projection surface touches the surface of the reduced Earth. C) The latitudes where the cone cuts the reduced Earth. D) The parallel where Earth convergency is equal to chart convergency.

C) The latitudes where the cone cuts the reduced Earth. remeber the Lambert chart is where we have two standard parallels and in-between is the PoO. simple as that.

When a pilot operates a VFR cross-country flight during the day in a mountainous region at low altitudes, due to ATC restrictions, what should a pilot be aware of? A) Low visibility. B) Inability to identify visual references, placed near mountain ridges. C) Visual references will be visible for a limited period of time. D) Loss of GPS signal.

C) Visual references will be visible for a limited period of time.

On a Lambert conformal conic chart, the distance between parallels of latitude spaced the same number of degrees apart: A) is larger between the standard parallels and is smaller outside them B) is constant throughout the chart C) is smaller between the standard parallels than outside them D) is constant between the standard parallels and is greater outside them

C) is smaller between the standard parallels than outside them

The best ground feature to check track deviation while flying on a heading 360º is: A)4 windmills in a coordinated position. B)A big town 5 NM off-track. C)A large river in a North-South orientation. D)A railway in an East-West orientation.

C)A large river in a North-South orientation.

What does levels curve on a hypsometric chart refer to? A) Longitude. B) Magnetic variation. C)Altitude. D) Latitude

C)Altitude.

At a given day, the sunrise in Dublin (53°29'N, 006°15'W) is 06:23 LMT. Calculate the sunrise at Bremen airport (53°29'N, 008°45'E) in LMT: A05:23 B07:23 C06:23 D07:49

C06:23 same lat

Where on the Earth does the sunrise occur earlier and earlier every day? AAt the South Pole. B At the North Pole. CAt the 33°N parallel of latitude. DAt the Equator.

CAt the 33°N parallel of latitude.

A straight line is drawn on an aeronautical chart and the true track between two positions at different latitudes on that line changes by 28°. What does this mean? AThe Earth meridians at the two positions converge with an angle of 14°. BThe Earth meridians at the two positions converge with an angle of 28°. CThe chart meridians at the two positions converge with an angle of 14°. DThe chart meridians at the two positions converge with an angle of 28°.

DThe chart meridians at the two positions converge with an angle of 28°. CHART-CHART CAME UP IN LT AND GOT IT WRONG

on a direct mercator what can you say about the scale and distance of a given line at S30 compared to S60

The scale at 30 will be smaller than at 60. This means taht a given chart distance at 30 would measure a greater distance at 30 than at 60. a smaller distance at 60 because scale expands. expanding scale means a bigger fraction

Which one of the following VFR navigation techniques provides to a pilot the maximum amount of time to check for other traffic and also maintain a good situation awareness? a) keep a continuous update on the position by looking within a short distance of the aircraft b) Delay any aircraft system checks until the aircraft is turned onto a new heading c) identify a feature to be used for guidance as far as possible down the plant track d) plan to fly from point to point as identified on the map and then on the ground

c) identify a feature to be used for guidance as far as possible down the plant track comes up in lt I got wrong

you are flying a low level VFR flight over a snowy area with no visual checkpoints. what should you do ? a) climb to avoid blowing snow b) climb to a higher level and initiate the lost procedure c) turn at DR point to next leg d) start flying larger circles

c) turn at DR point to next leg KEYYYY 2 TYPES OF QUESTION. IF IT SAYS UNSURE OF POSITION --> START THE LOST PROCUEDURE IF IT DOESNT SAY THEN IT IS DR TURN

relief is usually portrayed by combinations of : 1) contour lines 2) shading 3) frequencies 4) colours 5) spot heights 6) graduated scale a) 1,2,4,5 and 6 b) 2,3,4 and 5 c) 1,2,3,4 and 5 d) 1,2,4 and 5

d) 1,2,4 and 5 comes up in lt

direct mercator a

direct mercator (the one with the straight lines down and up like a grid) rhumb lines are straight lines great circle tracks are going to be curved CONCAVE to parallel of origin which is the equator scale is correct at the equator equator is the parallel of origin scale expands as we move away from PoO and into space. vice versa direct mecartor is the one we have the ABBA table for convergency factor is zero

SEE this

draw that quadrant and we know great circle is diganol here going from NH Western square and so its next vertex is southern eastern. only one answer here that allows for this

if it asks you fro the TAS in a climb in this way -->

if it asks you fro the TAS in a climb in this way --> then you need to work out by how much ISA deviation there is at 2000ft and assume this throughout. work out 2/3 of the altitude and add this to 2000 and then workout the ISA + 9 degree deviation for this 20,000ft altitude and use the CRP 5 to get the TAS for CAS and you get answer.

see this

in this question there is one that has come up at lT Remember just use CRP5 to work out the ground speed and times by time to get distance. the track here is 140 and so what I did is just measured across the two meridians . I done cos 49 x 30minutes to get me nm and then divided it by cm to get how much nm per cm and then did 15nm I worked out divided to get how much to measure in cm.

what is track error angle

just the angel between actual track on the day and the planned track. that simple track made good is the track you actually ended up flying on the day

if the question gives you an altitude/FL and then they tell you temperature is like ISA -7 and then they give you CAS and ask you to work out TAS using rule of thumb --->

make sure you just do the flight level over 1000 and then by 2 to get percentage rise to times CAS by. do not start dealing with temp together ISA altitude bs. it is a trick and you'll be wasting your time falling for it.

if question gives you routes on a polar stenographic and tell you to find which is the one taht give us the biggest change in RLT and GCT. what do you look for

remember convergency on a polar stenographic is just one. (sine 90 ) and so convergency which tells us the difference between the GCT and RLT would only be about change in longitude hence the answer here

true or false the air distance is slightly greater than the ground distance at fl400 in zero wind conditions

true. it is still coming up. I got right

when they say lose or gain one day in terms of the date line what they means is

what they mean is gain one date or lost one date. I know stupidly unclear

Refer to figure. The pilot of a light twin-engined aircraft has filled in the flight log correctly for a charter flight to Nice in France, with the fuel recorded in litres. What is the new estimated remaining fuel at EBROX? A332 lt B350 lt C357 lt D353 lt

wrong this time, but I had the right working. two ways you can do it. firstly, workout that the fuel used (actual) until TORDU is 89L using the far right column. now we can workout the average ground speed BUT realise that 6:10 is not time from LEAL to TOC but rather it is time it reaches TOC. so I done TOC-SOPET - TORDU which gave me a distance of 110NM and then time taken is 36 minutes and do worked out ground speed of 183.33kts. here is how you can work it out using two methods: 1) you could use this new ground speed and apply it for next track until EDBRUX using the distance and speed to get new time. then workout the fuel flow per min by saying 89/39 x how ever many minutes for this part of trip and then minus it from the 385 last reported. 2) you could workout how much fuel lost per nm traveled. for example here 89L used / 110 NM. divided 89/110 and times by how many NM for the rest of track needed and then minus from 385. either way you get same end result. it is tricky because you can oversee that 6:10 as time of departure form LEAL to TOC when it means OVERHEAD and that changes it. still if you make a mistake you should realise the ground speed is way higher than what you anticipated so go back and check and realise your mistake

if it asks for what is the average drift angle what do you do ?

you just need to workout the distance off track by 60 over distance along track. no need to add the correction angle. it is just asking you for the average DRIFT angle. drifting. Now if they give you a heading then you know exactly what to do. drift angle is the angle between heading and track you are on. so here in this example picture our track planned is 179 and our heading is 185. on the day our drift is 6 x60 /44 = 8degrees right which is 179 + 8 = 187 track on the day and we know our heading is 185 so 187-185 = drift of 2 degrees. DO NOT LET AVERAGE DRIFT confuse you. it just means what the drift is. if they give you heading then use that track error angle and minus or add from the heading they told you. if they dont tell you h heading then assume that your track is your heading and just give the track error angle in other words: I get it now and here is how to tackle these average drift questions. Average drift is just asking for drift angle. IGNORE the word average it is there to confuse you. we know drift is the angle between heading and track we are on. when they dont give heading --> just work out drift angle which is the same as track error angle. like here we just do 3x60/30.6 = 6degrees when they give you heading and a track in the question --> work out the track error angle (ie drift angle) as usual which would be from the track we planned and then add or minus this from the track they give to workout how our new track and then just use the heading they give you to work out the difference between the heading in the question and the track you are now on given the drift. and that is average drift in this scenario. SEE QUESTION 612474 and you will get what I mean. trust me it will save you a lot of headache and thinking if you just know this and it does make sense

What can be said about the area represented on a Lambert projection which lies between the two standard of parallels of the chart? A true track of departure and the true track of arrival between two positions situated in the area are practically equal B in this area the scale of the chart differs less than 1% from the stated scale of the chart C Only in this area is the chart conformal D In this area the rhumb line and great circle between two positions situated in this area practically coincide

B in this area the scale of the chart differs less than 1% from the stated scale of the chart like Touker Suleyman from Dragons Den "I DONT GET OUT OF BED FOR 1%"

The rate of change of the duration of daylight is greatest during the time of (1) _____ because the rate of change of the duration of daylight is (2) _____ proportional to the declination of the Sun. A(1) solstices; (2) directly. B(1) equinoxes; (2) directly. C(1) solstices; (2) indirectly. D(1) equinoxes; (2) indirectly.

B(1) equinoxes; (2) directly.

In a polar stereographic chart for the northern hemisphere the true course of a straight line at latitude 60°N and longitude 170°W is 315°. Calculate the true course of the straight line at longitude 145°E.The true course is: A) 354°. B) 270°. C) 276°. D) 315°.

B) 270°. remeber that in a pilar stenographic chart we have a convergency of just change in longitude since sine 90 (at the pole, remeber latitude is from centre of the east to the surface. so at the pole it is just 90 degrees) so thus it is just changed longitude. hence here the change in longitude is 360 - 170 - 145=45 degrees. 315 - 45 = 270

The coordinates of the heliport at Issy les Moulineaux are 48°50'N, 002°16.5'E. What are the coordinates of the position on the direct opposite side of the Earth? A) 48°50'S, 177°43.5'E B) 48°50'S, 177°43.5'W C) 41°10'S, 177°43.5'W D) 41°10'S, 177°43.5'E

B) 48°50'S, 177°43.5'W same latitude just opposite longitude. (anti meridian )

The highest latitude listed below at which the Sun will rise above the horizon and set every day is: A) 66.5º B) 64º C) 71º D) 68º

B) 64º be careful here. read

Which aeronautical chart symbol indicates a compulsory reporting point? A) 8 B) 7 C) 15 D) 6

B) 7

A Pilot during the pre-flight planning procedure of a VFR flight is looking for a ground feature part-way along a leg that is NOT in the build-up area. Which of the following ground features that are depicted on the VFR chart should allow the pilot to best pinpoint the position of the aeroplane? A) A dual carriageway /four line road crossing a river close to the intended track. B) A dual carriageway /four line /road crossing the intended track. C) A single carriageway /two line /road crossing a railway close to intended track. D) A disused railway crossing a river on intended track.

B) A dual carriageway /four line /road crossing the intended track.

During a low level VFR flight at 600 ft AGL, which one of the following challenges may be faced by the pilot? A) Open areas are much easier to identify than built-up areas. B) It might NOT be easy to recognise visual waypoints, so he/she could fly past them. C) Vertical features disappear in the surrounding environment and are difficult to spot. D) Terrain contours are more difficult to spot compared to when flying at a high altitude.

B) It might NOT be easy to recognise visual waypoints, so he/she could fly past them.

Two positions at the same latitude are marked on an aeronautical chart and the meridians at those positions converge with an angle of 30°. The effect of this convergence is that the true track of... A) the rhumb line and great circle route between those two positions will differ by 30° at either position. B) rhumb line track between both positions will be either 090º (T) or 270º (T). C) the rhumb line route between those two positions will change by 30°. D) the great circle route between those two positions will change by 30°.

B) rhumb line track between both positions will be either 090º (T) or 270º (T). CRIMINAL question but you have to know it. memorise it but do not mess up in exam. COMMON OFFENDER HERE

Two positions at the same latitude are marked on an aeronautical chart and the meridians at those positions converge with an angle of 30°. The effect of this convergence is that the true track of... A) the rhumb line and great circle route between those two positions will differ by 30° at either position. B) rhumb line track between both positions will be either 090º (T) or 270º (T). C) the rhumb line route between those two positions will change by 30°. D) the great circle route between those two positions will change by 30°.

B) rhumb line track between both positions will be either 090º (T) or 270º (T). chart is mentioned not the earth hence B is right.

Given the following information, calculate the rate of descent (ROD) for an aircraft that is approaching the destination. Ground distance during the descent: 25 NM Average TAS: 130 kt Average tailwind component: 30 kt Descent: from FL180 to pressure altitude 3000 ft A1920 ft/min B1600 ft/min C1300 ft/min D1000 ft/min

B1600 ft/min piss easy questions im getting wrong

In a polar stereographic chart for the northern hemisphere the true course of a straight line at latitude 60°N and longitude 170°W is 315°. Calculate the true course of the straight line at longitude 145°E.The true course is: A354°. B270°. C276°. D315°.

B270°. polar stenographic has convergency = change in long since since of pole which is PoO90 is 1. and thus we have to just do 360-145-170 = 45 and then just minus from initial track as we going west in NH.

A pilot is using conventional navigation to fly on a non-RNAV airway defined by the fixes ASMIK-SEVAN-PEMAN, with a published course of 104°(T). To fly the centre line of the airway he/she maintains a heading of 099°(T). After having overflown waypoint SEVAN and having travelled for 20 NM, the pilot plots the position to be 3 NM off-course towards the North. Calculate the average drift after overflying waypoint SEVAN. A4° right B4° left C9° right D9° left

B4° left' be careful. here they have given heading and want average drift. IGNORE AVERAGE rift is from heading so work out track error angle to get new track and then workout the drift from heading. it is not rocket science.

Why should the pilot keep a VFR chart oriented to True North direction while navigating visually in flight? AAllows to identify a line feature and to track the progress. BAeronautical and topographical information can be easily read. CVisualisation of the surrounding terrain is easier. DThe chart can be folded and stored more easily in-flight.

BAeronautical and topographical information can be easily read.

The accuracy of the, manually calculated, DR-position of an aircraft is, among other things, affected by Athe accuracy of the adjustment of the position lines for the motion of the aircraft between the last fix and the DR-position. Bthe accuracy of the adjustment of the position lines for the motion of the aircraft between the last and the new DR-position. Cthe flight time since the last position update. Dthe accuracy of the actual wind.

Cthe flight time since the last position update.

Compare two points at the same latitude and longitude, point A being at Mean Sea Level and point B at 10 000 ft altitude. At point B, sunrise will occur: A Later, due to reduced visual horizon. B Earlier, due to more light being refracted from the atmosphere. C Later, due to less light being refracted from the atmosphere. D Earlier, due to the increased visual horizon.

D Earlier, due to the increased visual horizon.

Position "Elephant Point" is situated at 58°00'N, 135°30'W. Standard time for this location is listed in the Air Almanac as UTC -8. If sunset occurs at 00:57 UTC on 21st January, what is the time of sunset in LMT? A16:57 on January 20th. B08:57 on January 21st. C09:59 on January 21st. D15:55 on January 20th.

D) 15:55 on January 20th. no ned to get confused just make it lmt

The length of one minute of arc along a meridian is equal to one NM (1 852 m) at approximately latitude: A) 30° B) 0° C) 90° D) 45°

D) 45° just one to memorise. It is quite distinct anyway

How is layer tinting used to define elevation on a chart? A) Different colours indicate points of equal elevation. B) Different colours indicate the change from land to water features. C) Different colours indicate specific steepness of elevation. D) Different colours indicate ranges of elevation, between defined limits.

D) Different colours indicate ranges of elevation, between defined limits.

Identifying landmarks and overall orientation and visualisation of the inflight situation on a VFR flight can be made easy by: A) Holding the complete map with track-up orientation. B) Holding the complete map with North-up orientation. C) Holding only a small part of the map with North-up orientation. D)Holding a relevant part of the map with track-up orientation.

D) Holding a relevant part of the map with track-up orientation.

During a low level VFR flight at 600 ft AGL, which one of the following challenges may be faced by the pilot? A) Open areas are much easier to identify than built-up areas. B) It might NOT be easy to recognise visual waypoints, so he/she could fly past them. C) Vertical features disappear in the surrounding environment and are difficult to spot. D) Terrain contours are more difficult to spot compared to when flying at a high altitude.

D) Terrain contours are more difficult to spot compared to when flying at a high altitude.

On the 15th October, a pilot is departing from Auckland, New Zealand (37°00'S,174°47'E position west of the international to Honolulu in Hawaii, US ( 21°19'N,157°55'W position east of the international Date line LT = UTC - 10 hours). When departing the aircrafts master clock displays 08:15 UTC. After landing, the pilot records a flight time of 8 hours and 37 minutes. Which of the below statements is correct? A) The aircraft arrives in Honolulu at 16:52 LT on the 15th October. B) Upon arrival the master clock of the aircraft displays 16:52 UTC and the local dates in the 16th October. C) When the aircraft arrives in Honolulu, the local date in Auckland is still the 15thOctober. D) The aircraft arrives in Honolulu at 06:52 LT on the 15th October.

D) The aircraft arrives in Honolulu at 06:52 LT on the 15th October. BE CAREFUL. GOT WRONG TWICE. LT HERE IS ST. IT SAYS THAT TOO.

Which one of the following statements is correct concerning the appearance of great circles, with the exception of meridians, on a Polar Stereographic chart? A) They are curves convex to the Pole. B) Any straight line is a great circle. C) They are complex curves that can be convex and/or concave to the Pole. D) The higher the latitude, the closer they approximate to a straight line.

D) The higher the latitude, the closer they approximate to a straight line.

What is the meaning of ecliptic? A) The yearly apparent path of the moon around the earth. B) The yearly apparent path of the earth around the sun. C) The monthly apparent path of the earth around the moon. D) The yearly apparent path of the sun around the earth.

D) The yearly apparent path of the sun around the earth.

If an aircraft flies along a VOR radial it will follow a: A) constant magnetic track B) rhumb line track C) line of constant bearing D) great circle track

D) great circle track

On a Lambert conformal conic chart the convergence of the meridians.. A) is zero throughout the chart. B) equals earth convergency at the standard parallels. C) varies as the secant of the latitude. D) is the same as earth convergency at the parallel of origin.

D) is the same as earth convergency at the parallel of origin. remember has to be at the parallel of origin thats why we say sine PoO

Given the following information, what is the compass heading? True track: 348° Drift: 17° left Variation: 32° W Deviation: 4° E A337 B007° C359° D033°

D033° use your head and work out COMPASS. not TRUE. true is already given.

to find track correction TRACK CORRECTUION

WE ADD TRACK ERROR ANGLE AND CORRECTION ANGLE AND THEN EITHER ADD OR MINUS FROM TRACK WE ARE ON.

crucial this is If pilot deviates because of clouds or gliders => assume that he came back to parallel heading => adjust for the remaining distance ONLY. If pilot deviates by error => assume he did not come back to parallel heading => adjust for heading change to parallel heading + remaining distance.

WRONG AND LT distance of track is 27nm and heading is 283degrees

over the 30N parallel, variations in the duration of daylight period will be the greatest when the sun is: a) over the Tropic of Capricorn b) over the equator c) over the 30N parallel d) halfway between the equator and the Tropic of Cancer

b) over the equator here is why and its easy to understand: seasons depend on the orinattaion of the earths rotation axis to the sun. hence why we have seasons. Solstices can be summer or winter solstices. this is either Tropic of Cancer (summer for NH winter for SH) or tropic of Capricorn. at this positions the difference between duration of night and day reaches maximum (ie shortest or longest day depending on what hemisphere you are at and if we at Tropic of Cancer or cap) halfway between the Tropic of Cancer and tropic of Capricorn we have EQUINOXEs which is when the earth is at 12 or 6 o'clock position. here the sun is directly over the equator and the DURATION OF NIGHT AND DAY ARE EQUAL! hence the answer to this question is when the sun is over the equator because that is when the day and night are equal and day has reached maximum beyond equinoxes itgoes back down again. it is asking about variations VARIATIONS. that is greatet at equinoxes of course and then decrease as we move away.