Gov Test 2 Ch 7
31. The territory of Wyoming granted women the right to vote in 1869 and ______ followed as the first state to enfranchise women.
Colorado
30. Women were granted universal suffrage in
1920
The __________ Amendment to the Constitution prohibits states from denying the right to vote "on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude."
Fifteenth
17. Citizen mobilization to stop construction of a nuclear waste facility near their homes would be an example of the _________ phenomenon.
NIMBY
34. Typically, a referenda is placed on the ballot by
legislators
19. Researchers have found that political apathy is _________ in the United States compared to almost all other nations.
much lower
The text defines __________ as the actions of private citizens by which they seek to influence or support government and politics.
political participation
57. According to the text, with respect to political participation, "_________ is the great equalizer,..."
protest
4. Relatively routine behaviors that use the established institutions of representative government such as voting in an election are called _____ participation.
conventional
42. Around the world, the percentage of countries holding regular, free, and fair elections has risen to _____ percent.
e. 63%.
21. The text defines suffrage and franchise as the right to
vote
37. Since they were not happy with voting for candidates selected by party leaders, ____________ championed the direct primary.
Progressives
36. The typical procedure for an initiative requires petitions to feature the signatures of _________ of the number of registered voters in a state.
a. 5 to 10 percent
13. An example of a citizen using "contacting behavior" is
a. calling the county animal control office to remove a raccoon from a window well.
18. A legal action brought by a person or group on behalf of a number of people in similar circumstances is also known as a(n)
a. class action suit.
40. In 2014, voters approved a number of ballot propositions, including ones in Alaska, Oregon, and Washington that
a. legalized recreational marijuana.
51. Psychological explanations of turnout suggest that voting will rise if
a. more Americans believe that government is responsive.
26. In Smith v. Allwright, the Supreme Court found _________ is(are) unconstitutional.
a. preventing blacks from voting in primary elections
32. Which of the qualifications for voting was virtually eliminated in all states by the 1850s?
a. property ownership
3. Although terrorism is an unconventional political action, it is generally not counted as unconventional political participation because
a. terrorists do not seek to influence government but to destroy it.
49. According to psychological explanations, voter turnout in the United States is not likely to increase until
a. the government does something to restore people's faith in the effectiveness of voting.
38. One recent criticism of referenda and initiatives is that
a. they create an expensive "industry" designed around circulating petitions and spending millions.
28. Compared with other nations in the world in granting suffrage to women, the United States
a. was among the first.
27. The amendment granting women's suffrage is the
b. Nineteenth Amendment.
12. A practical test of whether or not a government is democratic is whether
b. citizens can affect its policies by acting through its institutions.
45. Characteristics frequently associated with nonvoters are
b. low education, low income, and being relatively young.
33. A direct primary is a
b. preliminary election to choose party candidates.
50. The effect of the Twenty-sixth Amendment, which enfranchised eighteen-to-twenty-year-olds, was to
b. reduce the national voter turnout rate.
6. The march from Selma demonstrated to the nation the seriousness of
b. the civil rights problem.
20. The percentage of eligible voters who actually vote in a given election is called
b. voter turnout.
25. The literacy tests that were used in the southern states after 1870 worked primarily against
blacks
48. Women compared to men, and blacks compared to whites, tend to have political participation rates today that are
c. about the same.
29. A 2013 supreme court decision regarding the Voting Rights Act allowed numerous states to
c. enforce new voter identification laws
8. Political scientists know less about unconventional forms of political participation because
c. it is easier to collect data on conventional practices.
2. One criterion that must be met for a country to be democratic is that it must
c. have more than one political party.
14. When a citizen contributes money to a candidate's campaign, he or she is engaging in
c. influencing behavior.
44. According to the text, Americans were __________ politically apathetic in 2012 compared to 1952.
c. neither more nor less
23. The framers of the Constitution left the issue of voter enfranchisement to
c. the states.
56. The American emphasis on freedom over equality in political participation works to the benefit of
c. those with greater resources.
59. To maintain order, the government has a stake in converting _______ whenever possible.
c. unconventional participation into conventional participation
39. The amendment lowering the voting age to eighteen is the
d. Twenty-sixth Amendment.
46. In general today, women politically participate
d. at about the same rate as men.
63. Elections, as an institutional mechanism,
d. bolster the power and authority of the state.
60. Congress and the states moved quickly to pass the Twenty-sixth Amendment, which lowered the voting age to eighteen, because they
d. hoped to channel student energy away from demonstrations and toward more conventional forms of participation.
64. Because it depends on mass participation in politics, majoritarianism tends to
d. limit individual freedom.
41. According to the text, if the criterion is ___________, America has the best and most democratic government in the world.
d. number of elections held
58. The relationship between participation and order is complicated because
d. some types of participation promote disorder.
10. The 1955 Montgomery bus boycott is an example of a(n)
d. successful unconventional political participation.
15. Serving as an election judge in a nonpartisan election or organizing a holiday parade are examples of
d. supportive behavior.
53. In nearly every other democratic country outside of the United States, the burden of registration is placed on
d. the government.
7. Which of the following was the first known act of unconventional participation in America?
e. Boston Tea Party
22. Which country was the first to provide for the general election of representatives through mass suffrage?
e. United States
55. The standard socioeconomic model recognizes the relationship between socioeconomic status and
e. conventional political involvement.
9. When a leader assembles crowds to confront businesses and local governments to demand a hearing, he or she is engaging in
e. direct action.
43. The standard socioeconomic model of participation chiefly refers to
e. education, income, and occupation.
11. Compared with citizens in other democracies, Americans are
e. not noticeably apathetic.
52. By law, the U.S. presidential election occurs
e. the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
62. The majoritarian model of democracy favors
e. voting as the primary means of participation.
47. Of all the social and economic variables affecting political participation, _________ is the strongest single factor.
education
54. In Oregon, everyone votes by
61. Someone who asserts that elections "socialize political activity" is contending that elections are mechanisms that maintain
order
16. The ability of groups to make government respond to their special problems is best related to ________ theory.
pluralist
35. The ____ was backed by the Progressives as they wanted a mechanism to remove elected officials from office.
recall
5. According to the text, violent unconventional political participation is
sometimes worth the risk