Government Lesson 1-4 Test
adam smith
"father of modern economics" who believed the state and mankind entered into a relationship
socialism
reaction to capitalism
confederate government
state government pithing a country are more powerful than the control government
force theory
states created by war; rule of the strong over the weak
social contract theory
the state's power limited by the people; formed the framework for American government
true
the u.s. legislative and executive branches check each other's powers
evolutionary theory
theory that over time, the state developed from the family unit into clans, then into tribes, and finally into states
totalitarianism
this form of government controls every aspect of an individual's life
despotism
this form of government has an absolute ruler who only looks out for himself and reigns as a tyrant
absolute monarchy
this hereditary ruler governed by divine right
unitary system of government
all political power is concentrated in a centralized government
mercantilism
an early economic system that gave the government strict control over business
laissez faire
an economic system without government interference
Karl max and Friedrich engels
argued for the communist theory with the publication of The Communist Manifesto
Montesquieu
argued for the principle of separation of powers
divine right theory
authority based on inherent right from God
legislative branch
branch that makes laws
true
capitalism is the same as free enterprise
unitary government
decisions can be made more quickly
Montesquieu
did not contribute to the social contract theory
tribal council
first primitive form of government
feudalism
form of government based on ownership and a social class system
Jacques-Benigne Bossuet
french bishop who advocated the divine right of kings theory
free enterprise (capitalism)
grew out of and closely subscribes to the laissez-faire system
karl max
man most associated with the socialist theory
liberal democracy
means "rule of the people"
constitution
not a character a state must have
sovereignty
not a factor of production
federal form of government
not a specific characteristic of free enterprise system
thomas hobbes
philosopher who believed man would forfeit his personal rights and subject himself to a sovereign state for his self-preservation
john locke
philosopher who believed people would be willing to forfeit some of their rights while requiring the state to honor both civil and natural rights
plato
philosopher who believed philosophers were the only ones who could create an ideal state
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
philosopher who saw the relationship between government and mankind as a reciprocal agreement where the state committed to mankind and mankind committed to the good of the state
federal system of government
political power is shared between independent central and state governments
communism
grew out of socialism but differed by seeking to control areas of society
confederate government
if a portion of the population disagrees with the policies of a government, the people can weaken the central government's power
presidential government
in a _____ form of government only the legislature makes the laws, and the leader of the executive branch is elected by the people
parliamentary
in a ______ form of government, the legislature selects then leader of the executive branch and may recall him at any time
