Government Lesson 1-4 Test

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adam smith

"father of modern economics" who believed the state and mankind entered into a relationship

socialism

reaction to capitalism

confederate government

state government pithing a country are more powerful than the control government

force theory

states created by war; rule of the strong over the weak

social contract theory

the state's power limited by the people; formed the framework for American government

true

the u.s. legislative and executive branches check each other's powers

evolutionary theory

theory that over time, the state developed from the family unit into clans, then into tribes, and finally into states

totalitarianism

this form of government controls every aspect of an individual's life

despotism

this form of government has an absolute ruler who only looks out for himself and reigns as a tyrant

absolute monarchy

this hereditary ruler governed by divine right

unitary system of government

all political power is concentrated in a centralized government

mercantilism

an early economic system that gave the government strict control over business

laissez faire

an economic system without government interference

Karl max and Friedrich engels

argued for the communist theory with the publication of The Communist Manifesto

Montesquieu

argued for the principle of separation of powers

divine right theory

authority based on inherent right from God

legislative branch

branch that makes laws

true

capitalism is the same as free enterprise

unitary government

decisions can be made more quickly

Montesquieu

did not contribute to the social contract theory

tribal council

first primitive form of government

feudalism

form of government based on ownership and a social class system

Jacques-Benigne Bossuet

french bishop who advocated the divine right of kings theory

free enterprise (capitalism)

grew out of and closely subscribes to the laissez-faire system

karl max

man most associated with the socialist theory

liberal democracy

means "rule of the people"

constitution

not a character a state must have

sovereignty

not a factor of production

federal form of government

not a specific characteristic of free enterprise system

thomas hobbes

philosopher who believed man would forfeit his personal rights and subject himself to a sovereign state for his self-preservation

john locke

philosopher who believed people would be willing to forfeit some of their rights while requiring the state to honor both civil and natural rights

plato

philosopher who believed philosophers were the only ones who could create an ideal state

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

philosopher who saw the relationship between government and mankind as a reciprocal agreement where the state committed to mankind and mankind committed to the good of the state

federal system of government

political power is shared between independent central and state governments

communism

grew out of socialism but differed by seeking to control areas of society

confederate government

if a portion of the population disagrees with the policies of a government, the people can weaken the central government's power

presidential government

in a _____ form of government only the legislature makes the laws, and the leader of the executive branch is elected by the people

parliamentary

in a ______ form of government, the legislature selects then leader of the executive branch and may recall him at any time


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