Government Midterm Review

Write short response dealing with....

(discuss social contract theory{why is it important}, due process clause of the 14th amendment and how it supports federalism and limited government, two types of people federalists and antifederalists,

Short Answer 1: Describe the ideas of Social Contract Theory

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Short Answer 2: How does the due process clause in the 14th amendment relate to federalism and limited government

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Short Answer 3: How would you characterize a strict constructionist of the Constitution and be able to tell one framer of the constitution that was a strict constructionist and why.

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Short Answer 4: Why is federalism important and why does it help protect individual freedom?

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(Chart with the classifications of dictatorships and their descriptions with a blank space for the description of autocracy.) Choose the answer that best completes the chart.

A government controlled by a single person

Review the two categories of due process shown here, then choose the example that would represent a violation of substantive due process. (chart explaining procedural and substantive due process)

A state requires voter identification but only for members of racial minority

what are the similarities and differences of public bills and private bills?

Both are measures introduced by Congress, but public bills apply to the nation as a whole, while private bills only apply to certain people or certain places

How has the Supreme Court ruled in cases involving free exercise of religion such as those described in the table? (Chart with two Free Exercise Clause Scenarios)

Both of these laws are constitutional because they protect the public good in a way that overrides the Free Exercise Clause

Look at the cases below. Choose the answer that provides the correct rulings in each of the two cases. (chart with the ruling blank for the cases United States v. O'Brien and Citizens United v. FEC)

Burning a draft card is not a form of free speech. A campaign contribution is a form of free speech

In what way is the United States a representative democracy?

Citizens choose small groups of people to make laws and policy for them.

What is the general rule used by the Supreme Court when deciding if civil disobedience is a constitutionally protected right?

Civil disobedience is not protected by the 1st Amendment and so protestors may be changed if they break any laws

which of the following is an example of checks and balances at work?

Congress removes from the bench a federal judge who has accepted a bribe

Use this cartoon to answer the question (Cartoon of car driving past signs leading to compromise and getting stuck at the last sign leading off a cliff) Which statement BEST expresses the meaning of the cartoon?

Different groups may have different ideas, but compromise is vital to a successful democracy

Use the following chart to answer the question. (chart of the four different historical theories of the origin of the state including: force theory, evolutionary theory, divine theory, and social contract theory.) Which of the theories BEST describes the origin of the ancient Mayan civilization?

Divine Right of Kings Theory

"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof ..." - 1st Amendment Which statement BEST explains the meaning of the guarantees provided in this excerpt from the 1st Amendment?

Each person is free to believe as he or she wishes in religious matters, and government cannot favor any one religion

Use the following quote to answer the question. "The right to swing my fist ends where the other man's nose begins." —Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes What point was Justice Holmes making about the foundations of democracy?

Everyone has rights, but the exercise of these rights cannot endanger others

use the photo to help answer the question Photo of protesters to which amendment in the bill of rights are these protest related

First Amendmnet

Use the following quote to answer the question. "The first requisite of a good citizen in our republic is that he should be able and willing to pull his weight." —President Theodore Roosevelt, 1902 Which of the following BEST summarizes Roosevelt's statement?

Good citizens should be willing and able to accept the duties and responsibilities of living in a free society

Use the following quotation to answer the question. "If men were angels, no government would be necessary." —James Madison, Federalist No. 51 Which of the following BEST summarizes this idea?

Government is necessary, because people do not always behave perfectly.

Use the chart to answer the question. ((chart describing federal and unitary governments) What is the difference between a unitary government and a federal government?

In a unitary government power is held by a single, central agency; in a federal government power is divided between a central government and local governments

What is the current legal status of the idea expressed in this excerpt? "No State shall make any law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; and no money raised by taxation in any State for the support of public schools, or derived from any public fund thereof, nor any public lands devoted thereto, shall ever be under the control of any religious sect... " - Blaine Amendment

Individual States choose whether to follow this principle by adopting amendments to their own State constitution

Use this excerpt from the text to answer the question. "To many people, the most meaningful of these classifications [of government] is the one that depends on the number of persons who can take part in the governing process." Why might this particular classification be most meaningful to people?

It indicates how democratic a government is.

What is the significance of the 14th Amendment?

It provides that the States, like the Federal Government, cannot deny basic rights to their people.

which of the following are considered to have contributed the MOST to creating the Constitution?

James Wilson and James Madison

use the quotation to answer the question "The end is not to abolish or restrain but to preserve and enlarge freedom. for in all the states of created beings capable of law where there is no law is no freedom" -John Locke the second treatise of government 1699 which statement BEST reflects Locke's meaning?

Laws actually make people more, not less, free

What ruling did the Supreme Court make regarding flag burning in Texas v. Johnson?

Laws banning the burning of the U.S. flag are unconstitutional because flag burning is a form of free speech

Which of the following statements BEST summarizes the key point of this excerpt from the Supreme Court's ruling on public assemblies in the case Cox v. Hampshire? "If a municipality has authority to control the use of its public streets for parades or processions, as it undoubtedly has, it cannot be denied authority to give consideration, without unfair discrimination, to time, place and manner in relation to the other proper use of the streets." - Cox v. Hampshire

Limits on public demonstrations are legal as long as they are reasonable and in the public interest

Use the map to answer the question. *(map showing the states taht have less than and greater than 10% of slaves in their population)* In deciding the population of a State for purposes of representation, a disagreement arose as to whether enslaved persons should be counted. Study the map. Which statement is consistent with what the map shows?

North and South Carolina probably favored counting enslaves persons as part of their populations.

What is the Miranda rule established by the Supreme Court's ruling in Miranda v. Arizona?

Police must read criminal suspects their rights before questioning them

read this quotation from a speech given by Speaker of the House John Boehner about a bill on the floor. "Now the bill before us still isnt perfect. No member would argue that it is. its imperfect because it reflects an honest and sincere effr to end this crisis by sending a bill over to the Senate that at one time was agreed to by the bipartisan leadership of the United States Senate. and to my collegues in teh senate, if they were here i would say this: if this bill passes the House has sent you not one but two different bills to cut spending by trillions of dollars over the next decade while providing an immediate increase in the debt ceiling. And to the American people, I would say: weve tried our level best. weve done everything we can to find a common-sense solution that could pass both houses of COngress and end this crisis..." -speaker John Boehner what does this suggest about the speaker's influence?

Sometimes a speaker has to use his or her influence to reach a compromise between both chambers

Use the following chart to answer the question. (chart with the four characteristics of a state and what they mean) What would happen to a state that had population, territory, and government, but did not have sovereignty?

That state would not have the power to make its own foreign policies

Which of the following amendments would have protected this person against the situation he is describing? (cartoon with prisoner that says "They used my confession against me. I totally didnt see that coming")

The 5th Amendment right to avoid self-incrimination

How did the Supreme Court reinterpret the provisions of the 13th Amendment in the 1968 case Jones v Mayer?

The Court expanded the 13th Amendment's protections against racial discrimination to include granting African Americans the same rights as whites in buying or renting a home

A newspaper headline that reads "President Rejects Tax Increase Bill" is an example of which of the following?

The President has power to block actions of the legislature

No Question

The Supreme Court ruled in Dejonge v. Oregon that a State law limiting freedom of assembly violated the 14ht Amendment`

In what way was Athenian democracy a direct democracy?

The central feature was an Assembly open to all male citizens at least 18 years of age

Which statement describing feudalism reflects people's basic need for government?

The feudal system arose because centralized authority had collapsed, resulting in chaos and disorder

in 1787 Congress called on the states to send delegtes to Philidelphia"... for the sole and express purpose of revising the Artiles of Confederation and reporting to Congress and the several legislatures such alterations and provisions therein as shall when agreed in Congress and confirmed by the states render the [articles] adequate to the exigencies of government and the preservation of the union." What does this request reveal abt the general attitude in congress toward the Articles of Confederation?

The general idea was the articles of confederation needed revision, but not complete replacement

What is the relationship between democracy and the free enterprise system?

The government does not decide what is produced or what items cost, but does play a role in the economy by protecting the public and preserving private enterprise

Use the following excerpt to answer the question. "The [Roman] Republic was far from democratic in the modern sense. It did introduce the concept of representation, however." Which of the following statements supports this idea?

The government of the Roman Republic was centered in the Senate, and Senators were elected by citizens

. Use the following excerpt to answer the question. "To help manage the national government, monarchs hired loyal civil servants typically born in the towns and educated at local universities. Their perspectives were national, not regional. The state, in the person of the monarch, now had sovereignty, or the utmost authority in decision making and in maintaining order. Everyone, including the nobles, was subordinate to that authority. . . .With sovereignty, the monarch now had the right to make laws for the entire nation and all its people." How did the establishment of nations expand the power and reach of government?

The laws and policies of national governments affected greater numbers of people

In this excerpt, Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes explains his ruling in Schenck v. United States. What argument is Holmes making about personal rights and free speech? "The question in every case is whether the words used are used in such circumstances and are of such a nature as to create a clear and present danger that they will bring about the substantive evils that Congress has a right to prevent." —Schenck v. United States

The protection of free speech is important, but there are some cases in which personal expression is irresponsible and can be banned

Read this famous quotation from Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes. Which is the best interpretation of Holmes' meaning? "The most stringent [strict] protection of free speech would not protect a man falsely shouting fire in a theatre and causing a panic."—Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, opinion of the Court, Schenck v. United States (1919)

The right to free speech does not apply when it infringes upon the rights and safety of others

Use the Preamble to the Constitution to answer the question. "We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America." —U.S. Constitution, Preamble Which statement BEST expresses the concerns of the founders of the American government?

Their focus was to create a government that protected all aspects of the nation and its people.

Essay: Abt Federalism

Think: Why did the framers choose to select a federalist system and not a confederate system Why did they choose to give more power to the states than to the federal government (remember after revolutionary war) What are the powers associated with federalism Reserved powers Implied powers Expressed powers Multiple paragraphs: Intro 2 body paragraphs conclusion

Essay Question

Topic of Federalism and Division of Powers Constitution outlined the division of powers, what the federal government could or could not do, not mentioned in constitution, given to states American democracy was centered around a division of powers (why did the framers create a federal system? Why did this help individual freedoms? Tell differences between expressed, inherent and reserved powers)

Use the chart to answer the question. (chart that shows how chief executives are chosen in presidential and parliamentary systems) How does the chief executive of a parliamentary system differ from that of a presidential system?

Unlike a president, a prime minister is a member of both the legislative and executive branches

In describing the problems created by the Articles of Confederation, George Washington said, "... we are one nation today and 13 tomorrow. Who will treat with us on such terms?" which of the following most accurately restates this idea?

We claim to be one nation but are on the verge of splitting into 13 separate states. No other nation will want to deal with such an unstable country

The table lists some examples of civil liberties and civil rights (chart of examples of civil rights and liberties) Which situations below describes a violation of civil rights?

a couple is turned down in their offer to buy a house because of their race

To which one of the listed situations would the protections of the Full Faith and Credit Clause apply? "Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each State to the public Acts, Records, and judicial Proceedings of every other State." —Article IV, Section 1

a man taking a trip wants his driver's license from one State to be accepted as proper identification in another state

the magna carta established the idea that

a monarch's power was not absolute

which of the following statements supplies the information on proposing an amendment that is missing from the chart? (Amending the Constitution)

a national convention called by congress at the request of 2/3 of the state legislature

read this excerpt from the text. "... several states use the general ticket system. under that arrangement all of the states seats were filled at large tat is elected from the state as a whole, rather than from particular districts. every voter could vote for a candidate for each one of the states seats in the houes." What is one possible ramification of this system o elect representatives?

a party with even a small majority could control all of the State's seats in the House

Compared to the size of the House of Representatives, the Senate is

about the same

Use the cartoon to choose the answer that best completes the sentence. This political cartoon suggests that Senate investigations

are so rigorous and throughout that the process can be painful.

A government ruled by a dictator is a form of

autocracy

what does the political cartoon suggest abt congressional elections in teh united states? cartoon: "i agree with ur position completely; you can count on my support." the man has two faces and they are facing people with yes and no signs

candidates most likely tell the public whatever they think constituents want to hear

Which of the following facts about a grand jury could be added to the table? (chart listing Facts about the Grand Jury)

cannot decide whether a defendant is innocent or guilty

The colonists built their governments based on customs and ideas borrowed from England and early civilizations, including unwritten, judge-made law developed over centuries. This type of law is known as

common law

What limit does the Constitution place on the ability of the U.S. government to add new States to the Union?

congress cannot take territory from an existing state to create a new state without the permission of the original stat's legislature

Use the photo to select the answer that best completes the sentence below. Members of Congress wear many different hats and play many roles during the course of their work. An important role while spending time in their home districts is that of

constituent servent

Use the graphic organizer to answer the following question. *chart* (chart has a list of protests against british colonial powers) Which of the following was another way the colonists protested against British polices?

declaration of rights and grievances

which of the following is not a check available to the legislative branch?

declaring an executive act to be unconstitutional

The stand taken by the Founding Fathers concerning the practice of religion was based on their

desire to prevent the creation of official government-sponsored churches in the colonies

An explicitly denied power is a power banned outright by the Constitution. An implicitly denied power is a power banned, but not directly mentioned in the Constitution. Which of the following powers is implicitly denied to the Federal Government?

establish marriage and divorce laws

Use the chart to choose the answer that BEST completes the sentence. Representation in Congress is closest to the general population in terms of

ethnicity

Which of the following is the best definition of the public policies of a government?

everything a government decides to do

which of the constitutional principles listed was Madison describing and defeding in the quotation below? "In the compound republic of America, the power ... is first divided between two distinct governments ... the different governments will control each other, at the same time that each will be controlled by itself." - James Madison, Federalist No.51, 1788

federalism

The War Power Resolution impacted the power sharing arrangement between COngress and the president on teh issue of war and national defense by

giving congress the power to call forth the national guard

According to John Locke, political society is created when individuals voluntarily form a government to create and enforce laws, thereby protecting the people who form that government. In this social contract, people give up some of their power to the government, which then rules in their interest. This is the basis of which of the following concepts?

government by consent

Tariffs are taxes on foreign imports. In our federal system, the power to levy tariffs is a power

granted exclusively to the Fedral Government by the Constitution

Based on the reasoning Chief Justice John Marshall uses in the excerpt below, what choice best describes the decision he made in the McCulloch v. Maryland case? "[T]he states have no power . . . to retard, impede, burden, or in any manner control, the operations of the constitutional laws enacted by Congress." —Chief Justice John Marshall, McCulloch v. Maryland, 1819

he decided that federal law could not be challenged by state law

States that joined the Union after the original 13 colonies

immediately received the same congressional status and constitutional rights as the original states

the chart shows one main feature of the Connecticut Compromise (chart with two bullets one saying "Congress will be bicameral" and the other one blank) What was the compromises other main feature?

in the senate, the state would be represented equally. in the house the states would be represented based on population

read this excerpt from the U.S. Constitution: "To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers and all other powers vested by this constitution in the government of the united states or in any department or officer thereof" - article 1, section 8 clause 18 this article of teh constitution allows congress to

interpret its expressed powers broadly

unlike a joint committee a conference committee

is temporary (setup to serve a temporary purpose).

read this excerpt from the text about the borrowing power of COngress "Congress has put a statutory ceiling on the public debt, however. the public debt is all of the money borrowed by the federal government over the years and not yet repaid plus the accumulated interest on that money. that legal ceiling had never amounted to much more than a political gesture however congress regularly raises the limit whenever the debt threatens to overtake it. the public debt is approximatly 16 trillon" what is the best explanation fo the debt ceiling?

it can be moved by congress whenever it seems politically necessary

Read this text excerpt about senatorial courtesy. Which explanation describes the underlying justification that validates this practice? "The Senate will approve only those presidential appointees, such as a federal judge or a United States marshal, who are acceptable to the senator or senators of the President's party from the State involved."

it is an example of an unwritten rule, custom, that is closely followed in the Senate.

what is the significance of the Supreme Court's decision in Gibbons v Ogden case?

it resulted in an expansive interpretation of the Commerce Clause.

which of the following statements BEST describes the cause and effect of the 15ht amendment?

it was passed as a result of the Union's victory in the Civil War, and extended the right to vote to male African Americans

which of the following was one compromise related to the declaration of independence that was agreed to by the delegates to the second continental congress?

language condemning the slave trade was removed

Which of the following lists the three basic powers a government must have?

legislative power, executive power, judicial power

Laws passed by the legislature in the royal colonies had to be approved by the governor and the crown. this went AGAINST which of the following basic concepts of government?

limited govenment

Which of the following did all the first State Constitutions have in common

limited government, separation of powers and checks and balances

which of the following is MOST directly related to the idea that government should be restricted in what it can do

limited governmnet

read this excerpt from the text. "Most of the thousands of bills introduced in each session of congress are pigeonholed. that is they are buried they die n committee. they are simply put away never to be acted upon. the terms comes from the old fashioned roll rop desks with pigeonholes slots into which papers were put and often soon forgotten" What is the amin explanation for this occurence?

many bills are introduced on behalf of a constituent and not because the senator or representative feels strongly about it

If representatives in the House wish to adjourn a session for more than three days, they must seek approval from

members of the senate

A legitimate government is

one that is accepted by its people and other governments as the sovereign authority of a nation

a filibuster to block a vote on a bill is possible

only in the senate, which is almost unrestrained

Read the excerpt from the text. "The clerk calls the chambers to order and checks the roll of representatives elect, those members to be then choose a speaker who will be their permanent presiding officer. by custom the spekare is a longstanding memebr of the majority party and election on the floor is only a formality. the majority partys members in the house have settled the matter beforehand" this excerpt describes

opening day in the House

photo shows the president speaking before a joint session of congress. At such a meeting the president is most likely

outlining policies in a state of the union address

Examine the interaction between the police officer and citizen. Identify the legal justification the police officer must have under the 4th Amendment to do what she is doing.

probable cause

use the chart to answer the question Chart of the Bill of rights from 6-10 the first three amendments listed have which of the following in common?

protecting the rights of individuals in the court system

Use the following excerpt to answer the question. ". . . some activities that might be carried out privately are in fact conducted by government." Which of the following is an example of this statement?

providing fire and police protection

When a bill is engrossed, it is

put to a vote

the BEST way to understand the expressed powers of congress is to

read a description of the powers in the constitution

"The senate will turn down such a presidential appointment if its opposed by a senator of the presidents party from the state involved. the senates observance of this unwriten rule has a significant impact on the presidents exercise of the power of appointment; in effect, this rule means that some senators virtually dictate certain presidential appointments" this excerpt from the text refers to

senatorial courtesy

In both the House and Senate, a bill introduced by a member is next

sent to a standing committee

The chart shows some of the powers held by different levels of government in our federal system. A chart shows three boxes containing the following text: Powers exclusive to the federal government: declaring war; coining money; making foreign treaties. Powers reserved to the states: regulating gambling; setting up public school systems. Concurrent (shared) powers: taxing citizens; blank. Which of the following powers is a concurrent power shared by both the federal and State governments that is missing from the chart?

setting punishments for crimes

Amos Singletary, a delegate to the Massachusetts constitutional ratifying convention, made this statement: "These lawyers, and men of learning, and monied men, that talk so finely and gloss over matters so smoothly, to make us poor illiterate people, swallow down the pill, expect to get into Congress themselves; they expect to . . . get all the power and all the money into their own hands, and then they will swallow up all us little folks . . . just as the whale swallowed up Jonah." What was he expressing?

the Anti-Federalist concern that the central government would become too powerful.

Americans can claim rights in addition to those listed in the Constitution, according to

the Bill of Rights

local government gets their authority from

the State governments

Use the quote from the text about reserved powers to determine which of the following examples is a reserved power possessed only by State governments. "The reserved powers are those powers that the Constitution does not grant to the National Government and does not, at the same time, deny to the States."

the ability to forbid people under 18 to marry without parental consent

How would the Establishment Clause apply to the activity shown below if it took place at both a private school and a public school?

the activity would be legal at a private school but would not be allowed at a public school

What specific constitutional principle was Alexander Hamilton referring to in this quotation? "It therefore belongs to [the courts] to ascertain . . . the meaning of any particular act proceeding from the legislative body." —Alexander Hamilton, Federalist No. 78, 1788

the authority to interpret laws

use the chart to answer the question Chart comparing representation in congress What idea embodied in the constitution is demonstrated by how california and wyoming are represented in congress?

the bicameral legislature creates equal representation in the senate, but population based representation in teh houes

this photo shows president obama presenting a piece of legislation to the public based on the image what action will most likely take place next?

the bill will become a new law to be implemented

Use these excerpts from the text to answer the question. "In October of 1765, nine colonies—all except Georgia, New Hampshire, North Carolina, and Virginia—sent delegates to a meeting in New York, the Stamp Act Congress." "Delegates from every colony except Georgia met in Philadelphia on September 5, 1774. . . . For nearly two months, the members of that First Continental Congress discussed the worsening situation and debated plans for action." What does the difference in the number of colonies that sent delegates to the Stamp Act Congress versus the First Continental Congress indicate about what was happening in the colonies?

the conflicts with britain were slowly uniting the colonies

after the constitution was signed, Benjamin Franklin said: "I agree with constitution with all its faults, if they are such .. i doubt ... whether any other convention we can obtain, may be able to make a better constitution. for when you assemble a number of men to have the advantage of their joint wisdom, you inevitably assemble with those men, all prejudices, their passions, their errors of opinion, thier loal interest and their selfish views... it therefore astonishes me, sir, to find this system approaching so near to perfection as it does ... " - Benjamin Franklin Which of the following is most accurate rewording of his statement?

the constitution is not perfect but considering all the different points of view of the men at the conventions, it is remarkably good

(painting with the new king being crowned) Which of the following concepts is being expressed in this painting?

the divine right of kings

In the Pentagon Papers Cause, the Supreme Court based its decision on

the documents involved in the case were seditious

What name is commonly given to this quote from the Constitution? "A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in another State, shall on Demand of the executive Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered up, to be removed to the State having Jurisdiction of the Crime." —Article IV, Section 2

the extradition clause

the principle of popular sovereignty is based on the belief that

the government gets its power from the people and can exist only with their consent

choose the answer that best completes the sentance The 2009 government bailout of automotive companies was an example of

the implied powers of the Federal Government

What is government?

the institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies

use this excerpt from the english bill of rights to answer the question "... that the pretended power of suspending the laws, or the execution of laws, by regal authority, without consent of Parliament is illegal .. that levying money for or to use the Crown without grant of parliament ... is illigal... that it is the right of the subject to petition the king ... and that prosecutions for such petitioning are illegal... " - english bill of rights which of the following ideas is embodied in this excerpt?

the king needed the consent of the parliament in order to tax people

the map shows the years that various states were admitted into the Union Map of Admissions of states into the union which of the following statements best describes the pattern of how states were admitted into the Union?

the last states in the continental United States were admitted in the 1900s

read this quotation from the Constitution. "The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second year by the people of the several states and the electors in each state shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous branches of the state legislature" - Article 1 section 2, clause 1 the quotations relates to

the length of service for a representative

read the excerpt from the Connecticut royal charter "... there shall be one governor, one deputy govenor and twelve assistants, to be from time to time constituted, elected and chosen out of the Freeman... which said officers shall apply themselves to take care for the best disposing and ordering of the general buisness and affairs of an concerning the Land... and the government of the people thereof... " - Charter of Connecticut 1662 to which aspect of government does this excerpt apply?

the means by which government leaders would be chosem

John Jay represented New York at the first and second continental congress. he was a moderate and favored a cautious approach to a formal separation from Britain. Which of the following actions by the second continental congress shows John Jays influence?

the olive branch petition was written, signed , and sent to King George III

Use the quotation to answer the question. "The Number of Representatives shall not exceed one for every thirty Thousand, but each State shall have at Least one Representative; and until such enumeration shall be made, the State of New Hampshire shall be entitled to [choose] three, Massachusetts eight, Rhode-Island and Providence Plantations one, Connecticut five, New-York six, New Jersey four, Pennsylvania eight, Delaware one, Maryland six, Virginia ten, North Carolina five, South Carolina five, and Georgia three." —Article I, Section 2, Clause 3. The number of seats later became redistributed automatically by

the passage of the reapportionment Act of 1929

use this excerpt from the text to answer the question. "The Virginia Plan set the agenda for much of the conventions work. its major support came from the three most populous stats: Virginia Pennsylvania, and Massachusetts. But some delegates - especially those from New York (then only the fifth most populous state) and the smaller states Delware, Maryland, and New Jersey - found it too radical. Soon they developed their counterproposals" what does this suggest was an important factor in determining how alliances among convention delegates were formed?

the population of a state was a major factor.

use this excerpt from the text to answer the question. "John Adams, a rising lawyer in Boston, was also present [at the firts continental congress]. Adams had defended the british officers accused of murder in the boston massacre, despite his opposition to british colonial policies. By the time of the first continetal congress, he has become a stauvh supporter of independence as well as a brilliant political analyst." By making sure the british officers got a fair trial, Adams upheld which cornerstone of english law

the right to due process

Use the excerpt to answer the question. ...whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundations on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness." —The Unanimous Declaration of the Thirteen United States of America To what concept of government does this excerpt refer?

the social contract

Use this map of congressional seats across the United States in 2010 to answer the question. What does this map suggest about regional population change?

the south both west and east has experienced a slight rise in population

Based on the content of this image and what you have learned about the freedom of assembly, which of the following would most likely be the legal reason for the authorities to stop the protest shown here? (picture of ppl protesting)

the union members are picketing on private property

Use the chart comparing the Virginia and New Jersey plan to answer the questions (chart with differences on the plans) A third difference between the plans was concerned with which topic?

the way States would be represented in congress

The existence of the federal district courts is evidence of which of the following?

the way the executive agreements have added to the basic structure of the Federal government

once an amendment is formally proposed how long does the State have to ratify it?

there is no time limit on the ratification process and states have as long as they wish to consider amendments

which statement best characterizes the implied powers of the Federal Government

they are sensible assumptions that are made based on the expressed powers

The cartoon shows columns representing those States that had ratified the Constitution being placed in a row by the Hand of God (on the column representing North Carolina). In what way does this cartoon illustrate the notion of federalism?

this is a federalist cartoon that suggests that the states should stand together to build a strong country

the chart lists ways in which the government may limit individual rights for the public good. What other legal way to limit individual rights could be added to this list? (chart of limiting individual rights for the common good)

to promote safety: Require all drivers to wear seat belts

Read this quotation from the Constitution. "The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States; To borrow Money on the credit of the United States; To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes; . . ." —Article I, Section 8. This section of the Constitution falls under expressed powers related to

trade and borrowing

One way that the Supreme Court has reshaped its recent interpretation of the 2nd Amendment has been by

upholding prohibitions against the possession of firearms by felons

Congress is called upon to exercise its electoral duties under which of the following circumstances?

when the state legislatures question election results

Early on, the Constitutional Convention adopted the following proposal. "Resolved...that a national government ought to be established consisting of a supreme Legislative, Executive, and Judiciary." What debate among the delegates to the Convention was solved by this resolution?

whether the articles of confederation should be revised or replaced

under which of the following scenarios would your 5th amendment rights be violated?

you were found innocent of a crime but later charged again with that crime and forced to give evidence that made you seem guilty