GOVERNMENT QUIZ III

__________was heard from some 20,000 protesters, many of them women, in October of 1932 as they demanded repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment.

"We want beer"

Before it could take effect, the Constitution had to be ratified by __________ states.

9

In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson's statement that "all men are created equal" is similar to which theorist's belief that government is based on the "consent of the governed"?

John Locke

The key principle argued in the case Marbury v. Madison was

Judicial review

The framers of the Constitution intended _________ to be the strongest branch(es) of government.

Congress

The _________ guaranteed citizenship to all persons, including blacks.

Fourteenth Amendment

The _________ Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures.

Fourth

The Federalist Papers were drafted by

Madison, Hamilton, and Jay

The Supreme Court first declared that the courts have the power to overturn government acts that conflict with the Constitution in

Marbury v. Madison

Which state legislature sent no delegates to the Constitutional Convention?

Rhode Island

Which document proclaimed, "Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every power, jurisdiction, and right, which is not ... expressly delegated to the United States"?

The Articles of Confederation

The Great Compromise provided for

a two-chamber legislature with equal representation for all states in one chamber and population-based representation in the other.

The chief obstacle to ratification of the Constitution by the states was

the omission of a bill of rights.

Which of the following is not a power granted to the president under the Constitution?

the power to declare war

The power of the president to veto laws is an example of

checks and balances

Under separation of powers, the U.S. system keeps power among branches balanced by enabling one branch to counter the actions of another by the use of

checks and balances.

The original draft of the Declaration of Independence

condemned the king's support of the slave trade.

Under the Constitution, the slave trade

could be ended after twenty years.

A constitutional clause that allows for a broad interpretation of implied powers is known as a(n) __________ clause.

elastic

The constitutional amendment process requires

extraordinary majorities

Shays's Rebellion consisted of

farmers trying to prevent foreclosure on their property for debts and taxes owed.

After the failure of the Articles of Confederation, the founders adopted a ___________ form of government, strong enough to maintain order but not to dominate the states

federal

Unless they have impeached, federal judges serve

for life

One similarity between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan was that both plans

left unspecified how many people might comprise the executive

Article I of the Constitution refers to the

legislative branch

Amendments to the constitution may be proposed by two-thirds votes in both the House and the Senate or by a

national convention.

According to John Locke, all legitimate political authority exists to preserve

natural rights

The text of the Constitution deals with slavery by

not mentioning it directly.

An estimated _________ American colonists remained loyal to the British Crown.

one in five

The chief goal of the drafters of the Articles of Confederation was to

protect states' rights

According to the New Jersey Plan, how was representation to be structured in Congress?

There would be one house, and all states would have equal representation in it.

A republic is a government

resting on the consent of the governed through their representatives.

The chief objective of the First Continental Congress was to

restore peaceful relations between the colonies and Great Britain.

Originally, the Constitutional Convention's purpose was to

revise the Articles of Confederation.

The notion that governmental authority springs from the consent of the governed is derived from

social contract theory.

After the Constitution was amended to permit the federal government to levy a progressive income tax, government could more effectively further the goal of

social equality.

The Daughters of Liberty opposed British rule by

spinning their own cloth and using colonial products rather than buying imported British products.

Among the most undemocratic features of the U.S. Constitution is the

state equality rule.

The Bill of Rights consists of the first __________ amendments to the Constitution.

ten

A major event that led to greater British taxation of American colonies was

the Seven Years' War.

One result of the Second Continental Congress was

the adoption of the Declaration of Independence.

Historian Jack Rakove argues that in the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson was arguing for

the collective right of revolution and self-government

A confederation can best be described as

a loose association of independent states

The assignment in the Constitution of lawmaking, law-enforcing, and law-interpreting functions to the legislative, executive, and judicial branches respectively is known as

a separation of powers

Antifederalists attacked the proposed Constitution on the grounds that

the national government it created was too strong.

Including the Bill of Rights, __________ amendments have been added to the Constitution

twenty-seven

According to Madison in Federalist No 10, the most common and durable source of factions has been

unequal distribution of property

Article VI of the constitution contains provisions establishing

the supremacy clause and the no religious test clause.

The primary contribution of the Federalist papers is

their insight into the reasons for constitutional provisions.

The _________ guarantees that citizens' right to vote cannot be denied "on account of sex."

Nineteenth Amendment

The American Revolution effectively ended with the surrender of Cornwallis and his army at Yorktown in

1781

The three-fifths compromise resolved the issue of

...

Which amendment does the text categorize as "disastrous"?

Eighteenth Amendment

The _________ Amendment protects against excessive bail, excessive fines, and cruel and unusual punishment.

Eighth

After the failure of the Articles of Confederation, the founders adopted a ________ form of government, strong enough to maintain order but not to dominate the states.

Federal

The power of Congress to charter a bank is an example of what type of power?

Implied

The first fighting in the American Revolution happened in ________ in early 1775.

Massachusetts

Which of the following is not one of the political principles relied on by the founders?

One person, one vote

Which document proclaimed, "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights"?

The Declaration of Independence

The plan presented at the Constitutional Convention generally favored by large states was

The Virginia Plan

When compared with the U.S. Constitution, most American state constitutions

are longer and more detailed.

The main argument against the need for a bill of rights was that

the Constitution established a government of limited powers; because the government was not given the power to regulate individual liberties, no bill of rights was necessary.

The Articles of Confederation failed because

they did not provide an effective means for the government to raise money, they did not include an independent leader to direct the government, and they did not give the government the power to regulate commerce.

Federalist No. 10 and Federalist No. 51 each argue, from different angles, that the constitution combats

tyranny.

To amend the Articles of Confederation required a(n)

unanimous vote of the Confederation Congress.