Government: Short Answer

The reign of what pope best demonstrated the church's power over the state?

Innocent III

What legislation did Britain pass as a result of the Boston Tea Party?

Intolerable, or Coercive, Acts

Who came to the throne of England as the result of the Glorious Revolution?

William and Mary

In which form of government does an elite group rule by self-appointment, dividing the governmental departments among it's members?

oligarchy

What principle says the government is formed by the consent of the governed?

social contract

In what year did the Pilgrims establish their pioneer community by signing the Mayflower Compact?

1620

In what year did George III become kind of England?

1760

In what year did the Edict of Milan end the persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire?

313

What program seeks to rectify past discrimination by increasing opportunities for minorities in areas such as education and occupation?

Affirmation Action

After America declared independence in 1776, what document defined the powers of the new central governmnet?

Articles of Confederation

In what city was the first democracy created?

Athens

What are the first ten amendments called?

Bill of Rights

What pope tried to exercise papal authority but was removed from power by the French king in 1303?

Boniface VIII

What two factors allowed colonial self-government to grow during the colonial period?

British neglect of the colonies; three thousand miles of distance between Britain and the colonies

What is another name for the Intolerable Acts?

Coercive Acts

Where is each of the three branches of government housed?

Congress at the Capitol

Which Roman emperor issued the Edict of Milan in 313, effectively ending official persecution of Christian?

Constantine

What religious outgrowth of the Enlightement regards God as a heavenly clockmaker who started the world in motion and then had little else to do with the affairs of me?

Deism

What political gathering in 1122 ended the lay investiture controversy?

Diet of Worms

What document marked the beginning of a democratic government in England?

English Bill of rights

What historian saw the triumph of the gospel in the conversation of the Roman Empire?

Eusebius

Explain what is meant by the phrase "human depravity".

Every part of each human's being (mind, will, and emotions) has been twisted by his fall into sin.

Which amendment is called the establishment clause and guarantees freedom of religion?

First Amendment

What king assended to the throne of England in 1760?

George III

Whom did the Second Continental Congress appoint to lead the Continental army?

George Washington

In whose image were humans created?

God's

What is the Creation Mandate?

God's command or mankind to exercise wise and responsible dominion over His world

What is any system of public rule or authority?

Government

What court case set a precedent for the courts by which the right to privacy provides an umbrella for a variety of liberal social causes, such as abortion and homosexual rights?

Griswold vs. Connecticut

What term describes the belief that every part of each human's being (mind, will, and emotions) has been twisted by his fall into sin?

Human depravity

What effect did the Boston Massacre have in the colonists?

It strengthened American protests and fueled the growing Patriot movement.

Who earned the title Father of the Constitution?

James Madison

Who was the author of "Federalist" No. 10?

James Madison

What seventeenth-century British philosopher is associated with natural law?

John Locke

Who explains a natural-law basis for government in "Second Treatise of Civil Government"?

John Locke

What is the problem with unanimity?

One negative vote can stop a proposal, regardless of how widely the proposal is supported

Explain what a Christian relationship to the government should be. Give scriptural reasons for your answer.

Prayers for leaders (1 Timothy 2:1-4), participation in government, submission to government (1 Peter 2:13-17), witnessing and evangelizing leaders (Philippians 1:133)

What official is the head of a parliamentary government?

Prime minister

What attributes of God were granted to humanity at Creation?

Reason, moral capacity, spirituality, sociability, and emotion

What Christian statesmen from Connecticut proposed that representation in the lower house be based on state population and that representation in the Senate be equal for all states regardless of size?

Roger Sherman

On what date was the finished Constitution signed?

September 17, 1787

Define the term social contract.

Social contract is the principle that government is formed by the consent of the governed.

What is the highest court in the United States?

Supreme court

How does the Trinity provide a prototype for human government?

The Father is the leader or "policymaker" and He appointed two other Persons (The Son and the Holy Spirit) to carry out other specific functions. The Son follows the leadership of the Father, and the Holy Spirit follows the leadership of the Son.

What is the name of the eighty-five essays written by advocates of the Constitution?

The Federalist Papers

How does the legislative branch check the judicial branch?

The legislation branch can determine the number of Supreme Court judges, establish lower federal courts, regulate types of appeals, impeach judges.

How does the executive branch check the judicial branch?

The executive branch can appoint judges and grant pardons.

How does the executive branch check the legislative branch?

The executive branch can veto bills, suggest legislation and call special sessions

In what ways are humans a unique creation?

The human race was created in God's image; humans were given the task of having dominion over the while earth

What philosophy states that the Old Testament law still applies today unless the New Testament explicitly states otherwise?

Theonomy

Who did the actual writing of the Declaration of Independence?

Thomas Jefferson

What form of government seeks to control every aspect of the people's lives?

Totalitarianism

What type of Roman official was charged with protecting the rights of individuals against abuses by the powerful?

Tribune

Which amendment made the two-term tradition the law?

Twenty-Second

What is representative majority?

a majority of elected officials, such as members of Congress

What is Affirmative Action?

a program that seeks to rectify past discrimination by increasing opportunities for minorities in areas such as education and occupation.

What is a pluralistic society?

a society in which differing opinions and parties coexist freely.

What is the term for a lack of government?

anarchy

What is rule by one person with supreme authority?

autocracy

What is the name for one who takes a sometimes more creative approach to the constitutional interpretation?

broad constructionalist

What are the two ways constitutional amendments can be proposed?

by a two-thirds vote in both houses of Congress or by a special national convention called at the request of two-thirds of the state

The European Union is an example of what type of government?

confederacy

Under which type of government systems does the national government have little or no power?

confederacy

Define Libel.

defaming a person in writing

During the Byzantine Empire, what was the emperor's role in relation to the church?

defender of orthodoxy

What term means "government by the people"?

democracy

The system in which all the citizens participate in government decisions in person is called what?

direct or pure democracy

What is division and distribution of governmental power into national and state levels called?

federalism

What are some words we still use today that show the British influence on our government system?

grand jury, sheriff, bailiff, township, and county

What word denotes Congress's ability to charge the president or federal judges with misconduct in office?

impeachment

What issue led to one of the greatest struggles between church and state in western medieval Europe?

lay investiture controversy

What major theme of the constitution means that government does not have absolute power?

limited government

What term refers to the principle that a majority of the electorates makes decisions that bind the entire electorate?

majority rulegh

What term describes a society in which many different religious groups, all holding different views of right and wrong, live together?

pluralism

Who establishes the cabinet in a parliamentary form of government?

prime minister

What was the process by which the Articles of Confederation were approved?

ratification

What is another name for an indirect democracy?

representative democracy

What is the name for a government in which the people are sovereign but in which they elect representatives to exercise the government's powers according to written laws?

republic

What are three basic duties of government?

rewards righteousness, punish unrighteousness, protect rights

What terms means conformity to the standard of God's character?

righteousness

What view's thesis states that religion is a private matter that should stay out of public spaces?

secularism

What is the name for one who believes that the text of the Constitution is important and that any interpretation should be kept to a minimum?

strict constructionalist

What proposal suggested that representation in the lower house based on state population and that representation in the Senate be equal for all the states regardless of size?

the Connecticut Compromise, or Great Compromise

What decree did Constantine issue, ending persecution of Christians in the Roman empire?

the Edict of Milan

What are the two houses of the US Congress?

the House of Representatives and the Senate

What English document's original purpose of restoring feudal rights to barons contained principles that cause it to later be heralded as a foundational document of constitutional government?

the Magna Carta

What document did the Pilgrims sign in 1620 to establish their pioneer community?

the Mayflower Compact

What group of persecuted believers signed the Mayflower Compact?

the Pilgrims

What assembly appointed George Washington to lead the Continental army?

the Second Continental Congress

Under what settlement did a portion of state's slaves count toward its representation in the House?

the Three-Fifths Compromise

What was Madison's plan for a national legislature?

the Virginia Plan

What is anarchy?

the absence of any government

What punishment has been the defining right of human government?

the death penalty

What is popular majority?

the majority of all citizens, or at least the majority of all voters who participate in their government through free elections

Under a parliamentary form of government, who chooses the executive head?

the majority party in the legislature

Define Franchise.

the right to vote

What were two main tasks of the Second Continental Congress?

to deal with the military emergency around Boston and to present a formal declaration of independence

For what two main reasons did people oppose ratification of the Constitution?

too little power for the states; no Bill of Rights

According to the Great Compromise, how many U.S. senators does each state have?

two

What are four ways for Christians to interact with the government?

voting, voicing their opinions, supporting a candidate, running for office.