gravity

Will doubling mass or doubling distance have a greater effect on the gravitational force? Explain.

Doubling the distance will have a greater effect because the gravitational force is related to the square of the distance, which means the change will be magnified.

What does the law of universal gravitation state?

Gravitational attraction exists between any two bodies that have mass anywhere in the universe

Why does the moon have a greater effect on the Earth (such as causing tides) than the sun does?

Gravitational force depends on both mass and distance. The moon's closer distance to Earth makes its effect greater than that of the faraway sun, even though the sun is much more massive than the moon

Describe the proportional relationships between gravitational force and mass and distance

Gravitational force is directly proportional to mass and inversely proportional to to the square of the distance between two objects

What are the two factors that affect the force of gravity?

Mass and distance

In what direction does gravity cause objects to accelerate?

downward

What force holds an object in orbit around another object?

gravity

Objects with less distance have more/less gravitational force between them.

more

Objects with more mass have more/less gravitational force between them.

more

What term describes the path an object takes around the Earth (such as a satellite or a space shuttle)?

orbit

The weight of an object is given by calculating F=mg, where g=9.8 m/s2. If an object has a mass of 0.800 kg, what is its weight?

7.84 N

What is gravity?

A force of attraction between objects due to their mass. Gravity pulls all objects toward one another.

What forces are acting on an object in free fall?

Only the force of gravity is accelerating it

If all objects exert gravitational force on all other objects, why doesn't the gravitational attraction between your hand and your pencil keep it from falling out of your hand and landing on the floor?

The gravitational attraction between you and the pencil is very weak, and Earth's gravitational force is much stronger, so Earth's gravity pulls the pencil down to the floor.

If two objects are exerting gravitational force on one another, what would happen if the mass of one of the objects suddenly increased?

The gravitational force between the objects would also increase

f two objects have small masses, will the gravitational force between them be strong or weak? Why?

The gravitational force will be weak because gravitational force is proportional to mass, and the objects would have very small masses

What would happen to a satellite if Earth's gravity suddenly disappeared?

The satellite would move into space in a straight line