Ground Water
Water table near a large pumping well..
assumes a cone of depression
What are stalagmites and stalagtites are made up of?
calcite
What does hard water contain large amounts of?
calcium and magnesium ions
What is the rate of flow of shallow ground water?
centimeters or may be one or two meters per day
What caused the leaning of the Pisa Tower in Italy?
consolidation of the ground material by rapid ground water depletion
Stalactites and stalagmites
form as drops of water from the ceiling of a cave, lose dissolved carbon dioxide by entering into the cave with the atmospheric air
What rock is a poor aquifer?
granite
Ground water
in general moves very rapidly through pore spaces of materials in the subsurface
In what type of region do caves form?
one where the rocks are mostly limestone
If an excessive pumping of ground water in a coastal area lowers the water table at a locality by 0.5 meter, what will the contact btw. the fresh ground water and the salty ground water in the locality do?
rise by 20 meters
What are Artesian ground-water systems characterized by?
rise of water above the level of a confined aquifer if a well is drilled into the aquifer
What is Karst topography characterized by?
sinkholes
What is required for the development of geysers?
that the ground water partly be heated at a temperature above boiling and partly with a cap of a layer of cold water within a reservoir that offers limited convective mixing of the water
Darcy's law
the volume of ground water flowing in a specified amount of time is proportional to the vertical drop in the height of the water table between two points divided by the horizontal distance between the two points
The water table separates?
the zone of aeration from the underlying zone of saturation
What does the permeability of a rock system NOT depend on?
thickness of the rock system
Which rock would make the best aquifer?
well sorted sandstone
When does a perched water table occur?
whenever there is a localized aquiclude within an aquifer