Group 1: Modules 16.1 - 16.6

What is the role of negative feedback in regulating the hypothalamus and pituitary gland?

A hormone released by the target organ suppresses secretion of regulating hormones from the hypothalamus and pituitary gland

What function is GH responsible for?

Accelerating the rate of protein synthesis

Which of these is a hormone of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland that stimulates the release of steroid hormones by the adrenal cortex?

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

What function is ADH responsible for?

Decreasing the amount of water lost at the kidneys

Which mechanism of intercellular communication uses ions, small solutes, and lipid-soluble materials as its chemical mediators?

Direct communication

Which of the following substances is not secreted by the ovaries? 1. Inhibin 2. Progesterone 3. Estrogen 4. Follicle-stimulating hormone

Follicle-stimulating hormone

The link between first and second messengers involved in hormone action generally involves a(n) __________.

G protein

Which of these is a hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, regulated by both releasing and inhibiting hormones, and sensitive to levels of somatomedins from the liver? 1. Thyroid hormone 2.Cortisol 3. Growth hormone 4. Follicle stimulating hormone 5. Prolactin

Growth hormone

Axons of hypothalamic neurons are specifically found in which of the following?

Neurohypophysis

In males, which hormone affects the smooth musculature in the ductus deferens and the prostate gland?

Oxytocin

Which anterior pituitary hormone works with other hormones to stimulate mammary gland development?

PRL

In which mechanism of intercellular communication are hormones transmitted through extracellular fluid?

Paracrine communication

What is the hormonal group or subtype of oxytocin?

Peptide hormones

What function is FSH responsible for?

Promoting the physical maturation of developing sperm in males

Which of the following describes the endocrine functions of the hypothalamus?

Secretes hormones involved with fluid balance, smooth muscle contraction, and the control of hormone secretion

Which hormones remain in circulation for the longest time?

Steroid

Which of these hormone types does not activate a second messenger?

Steroid hormone

Which of the following best describes the distribution of effects for endocrine communication?

Target cells are primarily in other tissues and organs and must have appropriate receptors

Hypothalamic regulatory hormones affect the synthesis and secretion of one or more hormones at the __________.

anterior lobe of the pituitary gland

Epinephrine is a member of which group of hormones?

catecholamine

A capillary portal system is found in which of the following endocrine structures?

pituitary gland

Which of these is correct regarding the relationship between the hypothalamus and the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland? 1. The hypothalamus secretes regulatory hormones that control the secretory activities of the endocrine cells in the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. 2. The hypothalamus contains autonomic centers that exert direct neural control over the endocrine cells of the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. 3. The hypothalamus does not regulate the activities of the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. 4. Hypothalamic neurons synthesize two hormones and transport them along axons within the infundibulum to the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland.

4. Hypothalamic neurons synthesize two hormones and transport them along axons within the infundibulum to the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland.

What type of hormone has receptors in the nucleus and on the mitochondria of its target cells?

Thyroid hormoes

What function is TSH responsible for?

Triggering the release of thyroid hormones

What is the hormonal group or subtype of melatonin?

Tryptophan derivatives

What is the hormonal group or subtype of calcitriol?

steroid hormones