growth and development
According to the work of Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, which of the following statements best reflects the anger stage of dying?
"Why me?"
If you conducted a survey of older adults who live in their own homes, you would expect that about ____ would report that they suffer from sleep problems of one sort or another
50%
Which of the following is a disease that involves a progressive deterioration of brain cells, especially in the cerebral cortex, and is a common form of dementia?
Alzheimer's disease
The goal of hospice is to:
help terminally ill patients live their final days as fully and independently as possible
To say that a condition is chronic means that it:
involves repeated occurrences or continuation of a disease
When she is honest with herself, Judy recognizes that she has wasted many of the opportunities that could have led her to a positive lifestyle. In this respect, Judy is engaging in the developmental task that Erikson thought characterized which of the following periods of the lifespan?
later adulthood
A legal document that informs both family and health-care workers of the signer's wish to avoid the use of "heroic measures" to maintain life in the event of irreversible illness is called a(n):
living will
Questions that assess a person's best time for retirement provide an index of
retirement maturity
Rod visited with a retirement counselor who asked him if he had adequate savings and income, a place to live, and other related questions to learn how prepared Rod is to retire. The retirement counselor was most likely trying to estimate Rod's index of:
retirement maturity
Which of the following words means essentially the same thing as dementia?
senility
The text cites recent studies of the brain that indicate that as adults age, their brain actually becomes _________ and the activity of their brain in the prefrontal cortex regions __________.
smaller; increases
According to the text, what percent of U.S. adults age 85 and older live in nursing homes?
14%
In the colonial period in the United States, the median age of the population was ____ years and about ___ of the population reached the age of 65.
16; 2%
Generalizing from information presented in the text, in which of the following years would you predict to see the highest proportion of retirements occurring at ages 65 or younger?
1988
In 1900, the death rate of U.S. children under the age of 5 was ____; in 2009 it was ____.
30%; 1.5%
If you conducted a random survey of older people who were living alone after a spouse had died, and of the people you surveyed 100 were men, you should expect that your survey group included about _____ women.
300
According to research cited in the text, when caregivers were asked to comment about the relief they felt following their loved one's death, about ____ reported that death was a relief to them and about ____ reported that they felt it provided a welcome relief to the person who died.
72%; 90%
If you were to estimate the typical percentage of prescription errors that occur in administering medicines to older adults, the most accurate percentage would be which of the following?
Errors occur in 15% or more the prescriptions that are given.
The text points out an inconsistency between hospice care and hospital care. Which of the following best captures the sense of that inconsistency?
Hospitals focus on keeping patients alive, whereas hospice is focused on helping a person die.
In general, what has been the effect of high-intensity physical exercise programs for the elderly?
These programs can help older adults double or even triple their physical strength.
According to the text, which of the following factors accounts for the largest share of problems older adults have with driving a car?
a general slowing down of general cognitive abilities
Statistically speaking, which of the following people would be at the highest risk of suicide?
a man who has just become a widower
George is diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, so he and his wife consult an attorney to draw up and sign documents giving George's wife the legal authority to make decisions about George's care. Such a document is called:
a medical power of attorney
Mr. Jones has suffered a severe stroke that has left him unable to walk, speak, or dress and feed himself. He needs nursing care for several hours a day, but his wife has died and his adult son lives 1,000 miles away. Which of the following options would most likely be the type of living arrangement that would best serve Mr. Jones's needs?
a nursing home
According to terror management theory, thinking about one's own death leads to which of the following?
a stronger self-concept
In the United States today, about what percent of the population continues to work part-time or return to work following retirement?
about 50%
In a national survey of older Americans reported in the text, adults age 65 and over rated their health and well-being. The most accurate conclusion to be drawn from the data reported would be that _______ of the people in this study reported that their health was good to excellent and Black Americans reported _______ levels of health than did White Americans:
about three-quarters; lower
According to the theory set forth by Kübler-Ross, the stage of adjustment in which the terminal patient has recognized that death will come is called:
acceptance
An elderly widow is angry with her children for telling her she should not live alone in her home anymore, because she fell recently. She blames the fall on inadequate lighting and claims that if her children did some house repairs, she could stay in her house. This woman's inability to deal with her changed circumstances reflects her difficulty in which of the following processes?
accommodation
According to statistics reported in the text, the fastest-growing segment of the U. S. population is:
adults age 85 and over
Of the children who die before they reach age 18, the largest percentage falls into which of the following age group?
age 0 to age 1
John says he fears becoming old because "old people are stupid, poor, in poor health, lonely, and they seldom can take care of themselves." John's statement is a good example of:
ageist stereotypes
Who are the Gray Panthers?
an activist group that promotes issues important to older adults
According to Piaget, if new events and changing circumstances can be absorbed into one's self-concept, this defines the process called:
assimilation
John's grandmother says she has "hardening of the arteries." The more technical term for this condition is:
atherosclerosis
The term most often used to refer to theories suggesting that genetic programming determines the pace and processes of aging are referred to as:
biological clock theories of aging
If Sara believes that aging is the result of chromosome breakage that occurs each time a cell divides and accumulates until the cell no longer can reproduce itself, her view is most similar to:
biological clock theory of aging
If Julie were the youngest child in her family and the last to leave home, she should expect that the stress her parents feel after she moves away will ______ and their level of marital satisfaction will _______.
decrease; increase
Beginning around the time of her 70th birthday, Margaret began to experience increasing problems in learning new things, with her memory, and with her motor coordination. She now is frequently confused, sometimes doesn't recognize people she has known for a long time, and her speech has become less fluent. The condition that would most likely be diagnosed in Margaret's case would be:
dementia
Brittany, age 23, has just been told by her doctor that she has only a few months to live due to a heart ailment. Her reaction is to say that the diagnosis must be wrong and to seek out opinions from other doctors. Brittany's reaction is best considered to be an example of which of Kübler-Ross's five stages of dying?
denial
Jodi is dying from a rare blood disorder, but insists that her doctor has made a mistake in the diagnosis. Jodi's reaction is best considered to be an example of which of Kübler-Ross's five stages of dying?
denial
When Elisabeth Kübler-Ross began her research on death and dying in the 1960s, she commonly observed all of the following EXCEPT
doctors and nurses provided better and more attentive care, but only after a terminal diagnosis was certain
Which of the following expenses does Medicare currently cover, in whole or in part?
hospital visits, physician charges, and medication costs
Between 2003 and 2010, the number of hospice patients served in the United States:
increased by about 65%
Frank reports that he just can't get to sleep, and if he does fall asleep, he can't stay asleep. His condition would be called
insomnia
Which of the following is the final stage in Erikson's theory of the life cycle?
integrity versus despair
In which of these cultures is filial piety the LEAST strong?
mainstream U.S. culture today
For men who are age 75-84, the most common marital status is ; for women in the age range the most common marital status is .
married; widowed
For men who are age 75-84, the most common marital status is __________; for women in the age range the most common marital status is ___________.
married; widowed
A small town has experienced an unusually high suicide rate in recent years. Local officials try to prevent future suicides by concentrating their efforts on those most likely to commit suicide. These people would be:
men over age 75
Suppose you show positive and negative images on a computer screen to younger and older adults. If younger adults remember 25% of the positive images and 25% of the negative images, you would expect that, of the total number of images they remembered, older adults would remember _____ positive images and _____ negative images.
more than 25%; less than 25%
If you were to describe the emotionality of the majority of older adults, the best conclusion to come to would be that, compared to earlier in their lives, their emotionality is ______ complex and their sense of well-being is
more; greater
MacDonald's has established a network of "Ronald McDonald" houses near major hospitals so that families of very ill children will have a place to stay while visiting their ill child. This charity is best considered to be an example of:
palliative care
Frank says that he doesn't like having to use a walker, but at least he's in better shape than his brother, who must use a wheelchair. Frank's statement exemplifies the basic principle involved in:
social comparison
Generalizing from research described in the text, you would expect older adults to suffer the greatest memory decrement on which of the following tasks?
story-telling of stories from their distant past or childhood
Terry, a 73-year-old widower, was in the hospital for six months with cancer. Finally, the painful treatments got to be too much for him and he just gave up and let himself die. This passive form of suicide is best considered to be an example of:
submissive death
Brenda has been a watercolor artist all of her adult life. Now in her 60s, she has lost the ability to distinguish fine detail. Her visual problem would best be described as a decline in:
visual acuity
The text notes that today in the United States, we live in an era of "invisible death." By this, the text means that:
we often cope with death by denying its existence in our lives
Retirement in the United States today typically occurs at about age 65 or 66. Thus, most people who retire would belong to which of the following groups?
young-old
Generalizing from the text, terror management theory seems to provide the best predictions for which of the following groups of people?
younger people from individualist cultures