Growth and development of a toddler chapter 26

A nursing instructor is leading a class discussion exploring the various aspects of Erikson's theories of the developmental tasks of toddlers. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which task as a priority for toddlers?

Learning to act on one's own

The nurse is preparing a presentation for a health fair which will illustrate various ways to help introduce siblings to a new member of the family. Which suggestion should the nurse prioritize to help older siblings, especially toddlers, understand the change in the family dynamics?

Plan time for the primary caregiver to focus on the toddler while the secondary caregiver focuses on the infant.

A toddler's mother tells you that no matter what she asks of her child, he says, "No." A suggestion you might make to help her handle this problem is for her to:

give him secondary, not primary, choices.

The parents of an overweight 2-year-old boy admit that their child is a bit "chubby," but argue that he is a picky eater who will eat only junk food. Which response by the nurse is best to facilitate a healthier diet?

"Give him more healthy choices with less junk food available."

The nurse is discussing sensory development with the mother of a 2-year-old boy. Which parental comment suggests the child may have a sensory problem?

"He doesn't respond if I wave to him."

What statement by the mother of a 20-month-old indicates a need for further teaching about nutrition?

"I give my daughter juice at breakfast and when she is thirsty during the day."

The mother of an 18-month-old girl voices concerns about her child's social skills. She reports that the child does not play well with others and seems to ignore other children who are playing at the same time. What response by the nurse is indicated?

"It is normal for children to engage in play alongside other children at this age."

After teaching the mother of a 13-month boy old about suggestions for bathing and hygiene, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the mother states:

"It might be best to give him a bath in the evening."

During a well-child visit, the nurse observes the child saying "no" to her mother quite frequently. The mother asks the nurse, "How do I deal with her saying no all the time?" What would be appropriate for the nurse to suggest? Select all that apply.

"Limit the number of questions you ask of her." "Make a statement instead of asking a question." "Offer her two options from which to choose."

During the toddler years, the child attempts to become autonomous. Which statement by a 3-year-old's caregiver indicates that the child is developing autonomy?

"My child uses the potty chair and is dry all day long."

During a visit to the pediatric clinic the mother of a 2-year-old tells the nurse that her husband is concerned that their son isn't potty trained yet. The mother states, "There is no way he could be potty trained. His bladder is too small." How should the nurse respond?

"The bladder of a 2-year-old is actually the size of an adult's bladder, but there are a lot of variables to when a child is potty-trained."

A 3-year-old child is seen at the clinic for a check up. When collecting information from the child's mother she reports concern about her child's stools. She states he sometimes passes what appears to be undigested food. What response by the nurse is most appropriate?

"The digestive tracts of toddlers are not totally mature causing this to happen."

The parents of a 3-year-old boy have asked the nurse for advice about a preschool for their child. Which suggestion is most important for the nurse to make?

"The staff should be trained in early childhood development."

The mother of a 15-month-old son is returning to work and wants to place her son in the day care close to work; however, they will only accept potty-trained children. Which response from the nurse will best address this situation in answering the mother's questions of how best to potty train her son?

"Wait a few more months until your son has more muscle control and shows signs that he's ready to be potty trained."

A group of caregivers of toddlers are discussing the form of discipline in which the child is placed in a "time-out" chair. Which statement made by these caregivers is most appropriate related to this form of discipline?

"When my son starts getting frustrated and aggressive, I remind him that if he throws a fit he will have to go to time out."

A mother of a toddler asks the nurse, "How will I know that my daughter is ready for toilet training?" Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?

"You'll probably notice that your daughter is uncomfortable in wet diapers."

While observing a 13-month-old and her parents in the playroom of the hospital unit, the nurse notes that the toddler is using her index finger to point towards a toy. How should the nurse respond?

"Your daughter is demonstrating fine motor skills appropriate to her age by pointing with her index finger."

The mother of a preschooler reports that her daughter seems to believe in magic. She voices concern that this "fantasy world" may become a problem. What response by the nurse is indicated? Select all that apply.

"Your daughter is engaging in what we call magical thinking." "This type of thought process allows your daughter to begin to observe the differences in the world."

The parents of a 30-month-old girl have brought her into the emergency department because she had a seizure. During the health history, the nurse suspects the child had a breath-holding spell. Which parental report suggests breath-holding?

A tantrum preceded the event

The nurse is assessing the language development of a 3-year-old girl. Which finding would suggest a problem?

Speaks in 2- to 3-word sentences

The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old boy during a well child visit. The nurse correctly identifies the child's current stage of Erickson's growth and development as:

Autonomy versus shame and doubt

The nurse is caring for an 18-month-old child. The nurse is aware that the child is which stage according to Erikson?

Autonomy versus shame and doubt

The mother of a 2-year-old tells the nurse she is constantly scolding him for having wet pants. She says her son was trained at 12 months, but since he started to walk, he wets all the time. Which nursing diagnosis would be most applicable?

Deficient parental knowledge related to inappropriate method for toilet training

A toddler's "no" can best be eliminated by asking a question instead of making a statement.

False

The nurse finds the diet of a 30-month-old girl to be low in calcium. What suggestion can significantly increase this toddler's calcium intake?

Give her slices of cheddar cheese as a snack.

The nurse is observing a 3-year-old boy in a day care center. Which behavior might suggest an emotional problem?

Has persistent separation anxiety

When assessing a toddler's language development, what is the standard against which you measure language in a 2-year-old?

He should speak in two-word sentences ("Me go").

The nurse is presenting an in-service training to a group of pediatric nurses on the topic of play. The nurse determines the session is successful when the group correctly chooses which example as best displaying toddlers playing?

Playing independently and are side by side

The nurse is supervising a play group of children on the unit. The nurse expect the toddlers will most likely be involved in which activity?

Playing with the plastic vacuum cleaner and pushing it around the room

The nurse is examining a 3-year-old girl during a regular visit. Which finding would disclose a developmental delay in this child?

The child demonstrates separation anxiety.

The nurse is examining a 2-year-old girl for speech and language development. Which finding would suggest a delay in speech development?

The child does not use the names of familiar objects.

A nurse, who is also a mother of a 2-year-old child, attends a party at a friend's house and notes some safety concerns that she would like to share with the other mother privately. Which observations during the party would be considered a safety concern that should be addressed privately when appropriate? Select all that apply.

The nurse/mother notes that the toddler's car seat is located in the passenger front seat. The parent is busy entertaining guests and did not notice the toddler running out in the neighborhood street to get a toy. The parents allow the toddler to climb up on the counter and watch as food is stirred on the stove.

The nurse is assessing speech development in the 2-year-old whose family uses both Spanish and English in the home. What finding is of concern?

The toddler speaks 15 words between the two languages.

A mother expresses surprise to the nurse that her toddler daughter has begun masturbating. The most important initial nursing response is that:

This is a normal and expected activity best treated matter-of-factly.

Parents of a 2-year-old girl are having a conversation with the nurse about tantrums. Which technique would the nurse most likely suggest?

Use short "time-outs" and remain calm

Parents and their 35-month-old child have returned to the clinic for a follow-up appointment. Which of the findings may signal a speech delay?

Uses two-word sentences or phrases

The best way for parents to aid a toddler in achieving his developmental task would be to:

allow him to make simple decisions.

The way you would advise a toddler's mother to handle temper tantrums would be to:

appear to ignore them

The nurse is assessing a 3-year-old child. The nurse notes the child is able to understand that objects hidden from sight still exist. The nurse correctly documents the child is displaying:

object permanence.

A 2-year-old holds his breath until he passes out when he wants something his mother does not want him to have. You would base your evaluation of whether these temper tantrums are a form of seizure on the basis that:

seizures are not provoked; temper tantrums are.