CSCS Practice Exam
which of the following describes muscle and connective tissue elasticity?
ability to return to original resting length after a passive stretch
Polypeptide hormones are made of chains of which of the following substances?
amino acids
which of the following os the main challenge with carbohydrate loading in females
an insufficient overall caloric intake
which of the following areas of the pulmonary system is not functional for gas exchange in healthy athletes
anatomical dead space
An athlete is complaining that he is suffering from constipation and frequently feels cold. Coaches have also noticed his skin has a slight yellow tint with dry patches. Which of the following conditions should the strength and conditioning professional suspect?
anorexia nervosa
all of the following are recommended ways the strength professional can safely monitor athletes in a training facility EXCEPT
asking more experienced athletes to help supervise newer athletes
the responsibility for the day-to-day physical health of an athlete falls to which of the following members of the sports medicine team
athletic trainer
all of the following are typical patterns for the usage of steroids EXCEPT
augmented
which of the following are the two main divisions of the skeletal system
axial and appendicular
which of the following is the recommended amount of floor space for a treadmill within a strength and conditioning facility
45 square feet (4.2 m2)
An athlete training for a marathon averages around 95 minutes of training a day at 75% of her VO2max. If she weighs 126 pounds (57 kg), what is her minimum recommended daily intake of carbohydrate?
456 g
which of the following volumes has the greatest potential to increase muscular endurance
5 sets of 15 repetitions
during prolonged activity in hot weather an athlete should consume a sport drink that meets which of the following guidelines
5-10% of carbohydrate
An aerobic endurance athlete is planning a precompetition meal. If she is able to eat 2.5 hours before her event, what is the recommended amount of carbohydrate to consume if she weighs 110 pounds (50 kg)?
50 g
Mirrors in a strength and conditioning facility should be positioned at what minimum distance from any equipment? a. 4 inches (10 cm) b. 6 inches (15 cm) c. 12 inches (30 cm) d. 20 inches (51 cm)
6 inches (15 cm)
on average, how many times per minute does the SA node discharge at rest
60-100
which of the following are the optimal temperature and humidity setting, respectively, for a strength and conditioning facility?
72 to 78 °F (22-25 °C); <60%
for men and women respectively, which of the following loads should be used for the YMCA bench press test
80 pounds (36.4 kg) and 35 pounds (15.9 kg)
which of the following is a guideline for proper technique for the first pull of the power clean exercise
As the bar is raised, keep it as close to the shins as possible.
Anthropometry generally includes measurements of all of the following EXCEPT
BMI
An athlete performing which of the following workouts has the greatest need for a weight belt?
Back squat at 90% 1RM
Due to availability of the track, a coach testing her athletes' 5K time must test them in the early afternoon, which is the hottest part of the day in their location. Which of the following guidelines is LEAST effective for minimizing health risks and obtaining accurate results?
Be acclimatized to the heat and humidity for 2 hours before testing.
which of the following grips is used for hammer curl exercise?
Closed, neutral (or lateral-like in a handshake)
which of the following is the order of phases of a muscle contraction
Depolarisation and calcium ion release.Actin and myosin cross-bridge formation. Sliding mechanism of actin and myosin filaments.
After a needs analysis is performed, which of the following steps comes next when developing a program for agility development?
Determine strengths and weaknesses by comparing results to performance standards.
which of the following describes the difference between dynamic ROM and static ROM
Dynamic ROM is greater than static ROM.
two individuals of the same body mass are lifting weights. Assuming all other factors to be equal, the person with tendons inserted on the bone ______ the joint center should be able to lift ______ weight
Farther from; a heavier
which of the following is a type of aerobic endurance training that involves easy running (70%) combined with short, fast bursts of running (85-90%) for short time periods
Fartlek
a high serum level of which of the following substances is protective against heart disease
HDL
Acromegaly, a disfiguring disease characterized by a widening of the bones, arthritis, organ enlargement, and metabolic abnormalities, is a risk factor for athletes who use which of the following as an ergogenic aid?
HGH
When one examines the effects of a resistance training program via peripheral blood hormone levels, which of the following is false?
Higher blood hormone levels do not indicate higher receptor interaction probability.
_________ is the enlargement of muscle fiber cross-sectional area, and _______ is the increase in the number of muscle fibers via longitude fiber splitting
Hypertrophy; hyperplasia
An athlete performing ballistic stretching should follow which of the following guidelines?
Involve an active muscular effort
eighty-five to ninety percent of all intervertebral disk herniations occur at what two locations
L4-L5 and L5-S1
which of the following describes an athletes maximum lactate steady state
Maximal lactate production is equal to maximal lactate clearance.
which of the following is the best exercise to train in the anatomical core musculature in individuals who want to improve sport performance
back squat
which type of joint in the body typically exhibits the greatest ROM
ball-and-socket
which of the following contributes the most to total energy expenditure
basal metabolic rate
An athlete is performing back squats at 95% of her 1RM for six sets of two repetitions. This is most consistent with which phase of training?
basic strength
which of the following is an example of open kinetic chain exercise
bicep curl leg curl bench press
Which of the muscles or muscle groups have a fusiform pennation?
biceps brachii
an individual often eats his meals alone, is overweight, and seems to eat large amounts of food even when they are not very hungry. Which of the following conditions should the strength and conditioning professional suspect?
binge eating
all of the following are athlete-related factors to consider when selecting tests EXCEPT
biomechanical movement pattern specificity
Minimal essential strain is the minimal threshold stimulus needed to cause which of the following changes?
bone formation
What type of lower body plyometric drill requires a higher horizontal speed than the other types of drills?
bounding
a marathon runner is looking to improver her time to fatigue and ability to run longer distances. A combination of which supplements would best help her achieve these goals?
caffeine, citrus aurantium, and erythropoietin
An athlete has dramatically increased time spent practicing sport-specific skills and tactics and decreased overall training volume. This best describes an athlete who has entered which of the following periods of training?
competitive
An athlete is having measurements taken to assess her body composition. The coach uses a DEXA scan and a new method he is being asked to test. The purpose of using these two measures is to establish what type of validity of the new test?
concurrent
an athlete who typically runs for 70 minutes at 65% to 75% of her VOmass is looking to maintain a minimal level of conditions. which of the following workouts would provide the best stimulus for cross-training
cycling at 75% of for 70 minutes
which of the following is a field and court drill for a novice athlete who needs to work on eccentric strength
deceleration drills
Sarcopenia is associated with all of the following changes due to advancing age EXCEPT
decreased axial skeletal height
all of the following are benefits of resistance training in youth EXCEPT
decreased insulin sensitivity
which of the following is a potential marker of aerobic training
decreased total testosterone concentration
which of the following describes the change in responsiveness of a receptor to insulin
downregulation
Placing the __________________ in the center of the room would create a space with a clear view for coaches or facility supervisors. a. dumbbell rack b. circuit training machine c. elliptical d. stationary bike
dumbbell rack
when examining factors that provide insight into an athletes change-of-direction and agility performance capabilities all of the following are typically considered EXCEPT
duration of the test
stroke volume is regulated by which of the following mechanisms
end-diastolic volume and catecholamines
which of the following types of body proportions is characterized by a rounder body with broader hips?
endomorph
the female athlete triad is the interrelationship between what three factors
energy availability, menstrual function, bone mineral density
which of the following is an advantage of machine based training
enhanced ability to target specific muscle groups
which of following is the order of the phases of a muscle contraction
excitation, excitation-contraction, contraction, relaxation
which of the following describes type 1 muscle fibers
fatigue resistant with high aerobic energy supply
An athlete has just finished the preparatory period of his training and is now focusing on his strength and power capabilities. This portion of training is generally referred to as what?
first transition period
during which of the following phases should athletes ideally be tested to determine initial training loads for the exercises in the first mesocycle
first week of the off-season
which of the following is the resistive force encountered when on attempts to move an object while it is pressed against another object
friction
an athlete had spent the last four resistance training sessions overworking his body. He is hoping to see a substantial increase in performance after a period of active rest. Which of the following describes his current condition?
functional overreaching
which of the following muscles are primarily trained during the single-leg Romanian deadlift exercise
gluteus maximus
Some of the highest bone mineral densities have been seen in which of the following types of athletes?
gymnasts
An aerobic endurance athlete is trying to give himself a competitive edge over his opponents. To improve his lactate threshold, what type of training should he engage in, and in what direction would this shift his threshold?
high intensity; shifts to the right
which of the following are the immediate physiological adjustments to elevation
hyperventilation and increased cardiac output
which of the following is the cause of an athletes prematurely having an upright posture when starting a sprint?
inadequate push-off force
which of the following is an effect of the frank-starling mechanism
increased cardiac emptying
As an adaptation to anaerobic training, which of the following is the benefit of the myotatic reflex harnessing the involuntary elastic properties of muscle?
increased force production
which of the following is a physiological role of growth hormone and its superfamily?
increased immune cell function
which of the following is the purported ergogenic effect of oral supplementation of arginine?
increased muscle blood flow
which of the following allows for someone to draw conclusions about a population from the information collected in a population sample?
inferential statistics
One scorer for a group testing allowed a partial last repetition to count toward an athlete's total score on the pull-up test, while another scorer did not count that repetition. This difference between scorers is related to which of the following?
interrater reliability
all of the following are characteristics of sports with an increased prevalence of disordered eating and eating disorders EXCEPT
involvement of a strength component
The single-leg Romanian deadlift can be performed with the weight held in the hand of the same side of the body as the support leg (_______) or in the hand of the opposite side of the body as the support leg (_______). a. ipsilateral; contralateral b. unilateral; bilateral c. contralateral; ipsilateral d. bilateral; unilateral
ipsilateral; contralateral
a deficiency in which of the following nutrients is the most prevalent nutritional deficiency worldwide and can cause weakness, fatigue, and decreased exercise capacity
iron
which of the following is a branched-chain amino acid
isoleucine
During a PNF stretch, all of the following muscle actions are used to facilitate the passive stretch of a muscle EXCEPT
isometric muscle action of the agonist
which of the following is an exercise strategy during the maturation-remodeling phase of an injury
joint angle-specific strengthening
a coach informs the team running a 40 yard (37m) sprint that she would like everyone to complete the first run in under 4.8 seconds. This coach is providing what kind of feedback to her actions
knowledge of results
which of the following exercises requires the least amount of recovery time between training sessions
lateral raise
which of the following is defined as a legal responsibility. duty, or obligation
liability
As boys grow, they become taller and gain body mass. During this time, muscle changes as well, first in _______________ and second in _______________.
mass; high-level force production
which of the following is an advantage of variable-resistance training?
matches the changes in joint leverage
During higher-intensity exercises, athletes often experience peripheral fatigue. Which of the following is believed to be the reason for this type of fatigue?
metabolic acidosis
which of the following is the cause of an athletes overstriding when sprinting at maximum velocity?
misunderstanding of force application
the Krebs cycle occurs in which portion of the cell
mitochondria
A coach informs his athletes that at the beginning of the competitive season he will be testing the back squat 1RM on all athletes and he hopes to see at least a 5% improvement for each team member. Shelby is excited by this new goal and the chance to evaluate her abilities. She likely is experiencing what type of motivation?
motive to achieve success
when developing a resistance training program, which of the following program design variables should be addressed first
needs analysis
If a coach is planning to schedule testing and it must all be performed on the same day, which is the most ideal sequence for testing?
nonfatiguing, agility, maximum power and strength, sprints, local muscular endurance, anaerobic capacity, aerobic capacity
Winning is typically the primary focus of what type of goal?
outcome goal
all of the following are benefits of a three-week second transition period EXCEPT
preparing for the upcoming competitive period
which of the following is a treatment goal for rehabilitation during the inflammatory response phase of an injury
prevention of new tissue disruption
which of the following is a treatment goal for rehabilitation during the maturation-remodeling phase of an injury
prevention of new tissue disruption
which of the following is the term for hormone precursors that are theorized to increase the body ability to produce a given specific hormone
prohormones
which of the following is a macronutrient
protein
which of the following is a valid test of local muscular endurance for a well-trained athlete
push-up test
which of the following are the components of the RAMP protocol?
raise, activate, mobilize, potentiate
which of the following is the best example of a pair of exercises that, when performed sequentially with little to no rest between them, constitute a compound set?
upright row and shoulder press
which of the following combination of tests would be most relevant for an American football wide receiver
vertical jump and 30- to 100-yard (27-91 m) sprint
what is the minimum length of the rest period recommended between trails that are close to an athletes maximum
3 minutes
which of the following percentages of an athletes 1RM should be assigned for a non-weightlifting multipoint exercise to maximize power output?
0-30%
which of the following is the maximum recommended weekly increase in training duration for an off-season athlete
10%
which of the following is the recommended minimum amount of floor space for an athlete within a strength and conditioning facility
100 square feet (9.3 m2)
a 50-year old athlete with a resting heart rate of 60 beats/min is training at 70% of his maximal heart rate. Using the maximal heart rate method what is his exercise heart rate
119 beats/min
a 30-year old athlete with a resting heart rate of 50 beats/min is training at 60% of her maximal heart rate. Using the karvonen method what is her exercise heart rate
134 beats/min
What is the MET equivalent of a of 55.0 ml·kg-1·min-1?
15.7
a female athletes body fat percentage was measured before the competitive season. If she was classified as "leaner than average" what was her measurement?
19-20%
If an athlete completes a maximum sprint interval in 10 seconds as part of an interval training workout, which of the following is a recommended length of the rest period before the next sprint?
2 minute
approximately how many METs is equal to a VOmass of 70 ml-kg
20
If an athlete weighs 158 pounds (72 kg) and is 5 feet, 7 inches (170 cm) tall, what is the athlete's BMI?
24.7 kg/m2
when an athlete is performing the upward movement phase of a seated barbell shoulder press exercise, all of the following specify the action of the spotter to assist the athlete to perform the first repetition EXCEPT
Signal the athlete and then lift the bar off the supports.
which of the following grip widths can be determined using the fist-to-opposite-shoulder method or the elbow-to-elbow method
Snatch grip
As the bench press exercise is performed, the sticking point occurs at which of the following points within an athlete's range of motion?
Soon after the transition from the eccentric phase to the concentric phase
which of the following is generally discouraged in older adults due to the sudden rise in blood pressure it can create?
Valsalva maneuver
excessive intake of which of the following vitamins can lead to liver damage, dizziness, and joint pain
Vitamin A
which of the following explains the differences in aerobic power between men and women who are matched by age
Women have a higher percentage of body fat.
which of the following best describes core exercises and assistance exercises respectively
recruit one or more large muscle areas and receive priority when selecting exercises; recruit smaller muscle areas and are considered less important to improving sport performance
neural control affects the maximal force output of a muscle by determining which and how many motor units are involved in a muscle contraction and rate at which the motor units are fired. These two factors are known as what respectively.
recruitment; rate coding
the muscle buffering capacity relates to an athletes ability to
regulate H+ concentrations.
If an athlete's test result is high on one day and low the next day, which of the following aspects of test quality appears to be compromised?
reliability
all of the following influence an athletes volume-load for a resistance training program EXCEPT
repetition and set scheme
which of the following physiological characteristics decreases as an adaptation to aerobic endurance training
resting cardiac output
all of the following factors affect the degree to which blood flows in increased in the working muscles during anaerobic training EXCEPT
resting heart rate of the athlete
which of the following describes the flow of blood
right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, let ventricle, body
all of the following are points of contact, with the bench or the floor when an athlete is in the five-point body contact position EXCEPT
right hand
Which anatomical plane divides the body into left and right sections?
sagittal plane
which of the following is the smallest contractile unit of the skeletal muscle?
sarcomeres
which of the following describes a Golgi tendon organ
sensitive to increases in muscular tension
all of the following are considered to be advantages when using weight stack machines EXCEPT
simulates real-life activities
a strength and conditioning professional is training two 16-year old males; one has developed facial hair and a deepened voice, while the other has not. Which of the following is the most effective indicator of their physical maturation level?
skeletal age
according to Huffs drive theory which of the following factors affect an athletes level of arousal and consequently the athletes performance
skill level, task complexity
the acronym SAID refers to which of the following
specific adaptation to imposed demands
which of the following factors is held constant during an accommodating resistance training exercise
speed of movement
the responsibility of clearing an athlete for participation in a strength and conditioning program belongs to which of the following individuals?
sports medicine staff member
which of the following is an example of a closed kinetic chain exercise?
squats, deadlifts, lunges, power cleans, and leg presses
_____ anxiety is the actual experience of apprehension and uncontrolled arousal and ______ anxiety is a personality characteristic, which represents a lateral disposition to perceive situations as threatening
state; trait
which of the following techniques to flip a heavy- equipment tire commonly uses the narrowest hand position or grip?
sumo
the pelvis is located ______ to the patella
superior
which of the following have been observed in men in elevated concentrations up to 30 minutes after a resistance training workout
testosterone, growth hormone, and cortisol
all of the following are adaptations of the endocrine system to resistance training EXCEPT
type of hormones released
In what method of periodization might an athlete perform four sets with a 6RM load on the first day of the week, three sets with a 10RM on the next training day, and five sets with a 3RM load on the last training day of the week?
undulating periodization
