CSCS Practice Exam

which of the following describes muscle and connective tissue elasticity?

ability to return to original resting length after a passive stretch

Polypeptide hormones are made of chains of which of the following substances?

amino acids

which of the following os the main challenge with carbohydrate loading in females

an insufficient overall caloric intake

which of the following areas of the pulmonary system is not functional for gas exchange in healthy athletes

anatomical dead space

An athlete is complaining that he is suffering from constipation and frequently feels cold. Coaches have also noticed his skin has a slight yellow tint with dry patches. Which of the following conditions should the strength and conditioning professional suspect?

anorexia nervosa

all of the following are recommended ways the strength professional can safely monitor athletes in a training facility EXCEPT

asking more experienced athletes to help supervise newer athletes

the responsibility for the day-to-day physical health of an athlete falls to which of the following members of the sports medicine team

athletic trainer

all of the following are typical patterns for the usage of steroids EXCEPT

augmented

which of the following are the two main divisions of the skeletal system

axial and appendicular

which of the following is the recommended amount of floor space for a treadmill within a strength and conditioning facility

45 square feet (4.2 m2)

An athlete training for a marathon averages around 95 minutes of training a day at 75% of her VO2max. If she weighs 126 pounds (57 kg), what is her minimum recommended daily intake of carbohydrate?

456 g

which of the following volumes has the greatest potential to increase muscular endurance

5 sets of 15 repetitions

during prolonged activity in hot weather an athlete should consume a sport drink that meets which of the following guidelines

5-10% of carbohydrate

An aerobic endurance athlete is planning a precompetition meal. If she is able to eat 2.5 hours before her event, what is the recommended amount of carbohydrate to consume if she weighs 110 pounds (50 kg)?

50 g

Mirrors in a strength and conditioning facility should be positioned at what minimum distance from any equipment? a. 4 inches (10 cm) b. 6 inches (15 cm) c. 12 inches (30 cm) d. 20 inches (51 cm)

6 inches (15 cm)

on average, how many times per minute does the SA node discharge at rest

60-100

which of the following are the optimal temperature and humidity setting, respectively, for a strength and conditioning facility?

72 to 78 °F (22-25 °C); <60%

for men and women respectively, which of the following loads should be used for the YMCA bench press test

80 pounds (36.4 kg) and 35 pounds (15.9 kg)

which of the following is a guideline for proper technique for the first pull of the power clean exercise

As the bar is raised, keep it as close to the shins as possible.

Anthropometry generally includes measurements of all of the following EXCEPT

BMI

An athlete performing which of the following workouts has the greatest need for a weight belt?

Back squat at 90% 1RM

Due to availability of the track, a coach testing her athletes' 5K time must test them in the early afternoon, which is the hottest part of the day in their location. Which of the following guidelines is LEAST effective for minimizing health risks and obtaining accurate results?

Be acclimatized to the heat and humidity for 2 hours before testing.

which of the following grips is used for hammer curl exercise?

Closed, neutral (or lateral-like in a handshake)

which of the following is the order of phases of a muscle contraction

Depolarisation and calcium ion release.Actin and myosin cross-bridge formation. Sliding mechanism of actin and myosin filaments.

After a needs analysis is performed, which of the following steps comes next when developing a program for agility development?

Determine strengths and weaknesses by comparing results to performance standards.

which of the following describes the difference between dynamic ROM and static ROM

Dynamic ROM is greater than static ROM.

two individuals of the same body mass are lifting weights. Assuming all other factors to be equal, the person with tendons inserted on the bone ______ the joint center should be able to lift ______ weight

Farther from; a heavier

which of the following is a type of aerobic endurance training that involves easy running (70%) combined with short, fast bursts of running (85-90%) for short time periods

Fartlek

a high serum level of which of the following substances is protective against heart disease

HDL

Acromegaly, a disfiguring disease characterized by a widening of the bones, arthritis, organ enlargement, and metabolic abnormalities, is a risk factor for athletes who use which of the following as an ergogenic aid?

HGH

When one examines the effects of a resistance training program via peripheral blood hormone levels, which of the following is false?

Higher blood hormone levels do not indicate higher receptor interaction probability.

_________ is the enlargement of muscle fiber cross-sectional area, and _______ is the increase in the number of muscle fibers via longitude fiber splitting

Hypertrophy; hyperplasia

An athlete performing ballistic stretching should follow which of the following guidelines?

Involve an active muscular effort

eighty-five to ninety percent of all intervertebral disk herniations occur at what two locations

L4-L5 and L5-S1

which of the following describes an athletes maximum lactate steady state

Maximal lactate production is equal to maximal lactate clearance.

which of the following is the best exercise to train in the anatomical core musculature in individuals who want to improve sport performance

back squat

which type of joint in the body typically exhibits the greatest ROM

ball-and-socket

which of the following contributes the most to total energy expenditure

basal metabolic rate

An athlete is performing back squats at 95% of her 1RM for six sets of two repetitions. This is most consistent with which phase of training?

basic strength

which of the following is an example of open kinetic chain exercise

bicep curl leg curl bench press

Which of the muscles or muscle groups have a fusiform pennation?

biceps brachii

an individual often eats his meals alone, is overweight, and seems to eat large amounts of food even when they are not very hungry. Which of the following conditions should the strength and conditioning professional suspect?

binge eating

all of the following are athlete-related factors to consider when selecting tests EXCEPT

biomechanical movement pattern specificity

Minimal essential strain is the minimal threshold stimulus needed to cause which of the following changes?

bone formation

What type of lower body plyometric drill requires a higher horizontal speed than the other types of drills?

bounding

a marathon runner is looking to improver her time to fatigue and ability to run longer distances. A combination of which supplements would best help her achieve these goals?

caffeine, citrus aurantium, and erythropoietin

An athlete has dramatically increased time spent practicing sport-specific skills and tactics and decreased overall training volume. This best describes an athlete who has entered which of the following periods of training?

competitive

An athlete is having measurements taken to assess her body composition. The coach uses a DEXA scan and a new method he is being asked to test. The purpose of using these two measures is to establish what type of validity of the new test?

concurrent

an athlete who typically runs for 70 minutes at 65% to 75% of her VOmass is looking to maintain a minimal level of conditions. which of the following workouts would provide the best stimulus for cross-training

cycling at 75% of for 70 minutes

which of the following is a field and court drill for a novice athlete who needs to work on eccentric strength

deceleration drills

Sarcopenia is associated with all of the following changes due to advancing age EXCEPT

decreased axial skeletal height

all of the following are benefits of resistance training in youth EXCEPT

decreased insulin sensitivity

which of the following is a potential marker of aerobic training

decreased total testosterone concentration

which of the following describes the change in responsiveness of a receptor to insulin

downregulation

Placing the __________________ in the center of the room would create a space with a clear view for coaches or facility supervisors. a. dumbbell rack b. circuit training machine c. elliptical d. stationary bike

dumbbell rack

when examining factors that provide insight into an athletes change-of-direction and agility performance capabilities all of the following are typically considered EXCEPT

duration of the test

stroke volume is regulated by which of the following mechanisms

end-diastolic volume and catecholamines

which of the following types of body proportions is characterized by a rounder body with broader hips?

endomorph

the female athlete triad is the interrelationship between what three factors

energy availability, menstrual function, bone mineral density

which of the following is an advantage of machine based training

enhanced ability to target specific muscle groups

which of following is the order of the phases of a muscle contraction

excitation, excitation-contraction, contraction, relaxation

which of the following describes type 1 muscle fibers

fatigue resistant with high aerobic energy supply

An athlete has just finished the preparatory period of his training and is now focusing on his strength and power capabilities. This portion of training is generally referred to as what?

first transition period

during which of the following phases should athletes ideally be tested to determine initial training loads for the exercises in the first mesocycle

first week of the off-season

which of the following is the resistive force encountered when on attempts to move an object while it is pressed against another object

friction

an athlete had spent the last four resistance training sessions overworking his body. He is hoping to see a substantial increase in performance after a period of active rest. Which of the following describes his current condition?

functional overreaching

which of the following muscles are primarily trained during the single-leg Romanian deadlift exercise

gluteus maximus

Some of the highest bone mineral densities have been seen in which of the following types of athletes?

gymnasts

An aerobic endurance athlete is trying to give himself a competitive edge over his opponents. To improve his lactate threshold, what type of training should he engage in, and in what direction would this shift his threshold?

high intensity; shifts to the right

which of the following are the immediate physiological adjustments to elevation

hyperventilation and increased cardiac output

which of the following is the cause of an athletes prematurely having an upright posture when starting a sprint?

inadequate push-off force

which of the following is an effect of the frank-starling mechanism

increased cardiac emptying

As an adaptation to anaerobic training, which of the following is the benefit of the myotatic reflex harnessing the involuntary elastic properties of muscle?

increased force production

which of the following is a physiological role of growth hormone and its superfamily?

increased immune cell function

which of the following is the purported ergogenic effect of oral supplementation of arginine?

increased muscle blood flow

which of the following allows for someone to draw conclusions about a population from the information collected in a population sample?

inferential statistics

One scorer for a group testing allowed a partial last repetition to count toward an athlete's total score on the pull-up test, while another scorer did not count that repetition. This difference between scorers is related to which of the following?

interrater reliability

all of the following are characteristics of sports with an increased prevalence of disordered eating and eating disorders EXCEPT

involvement of a strength component

The single-leg Romanian deadlift can be performed with the weight held in the hand of the same side of the body as the support leg (_______) or in the hand of the opposite side of the body as the support leg (_______). a. ipsilateral; contralateral b. unilateral; bilateral c. contralateral; ipsilateral d. bilateral; unilateral

ipsilateral; contralateral

a deficiency in which of the following nutrients is the most prevalent nutritional deficiency worldwide and can cause weakness, fatigue, and decreased exercise capacity

iron

which of the following is a branched-chain amino acid

isoleucine

During a PNF stretch, all of the following muscle actions are used to facilitate the passive stretch of a muscle EXCEPT

isometric muscle action of the agonist

which of the following is an exercise strategy during the maturation-remodeling phase of an injury

joint angle-specific strengthening

a coach informs the team running a 40 yard (37m) sprint that she would like everyone to complete the first run in under 4.8 seconds. This coach is providing what kind of feedback to her actions

knowledge of results

which of the following exercises requires the least amount of recovery time between training sessions

lateral raise

which of the following is defined as a legal responsibility. duty, or obligation

liability

As boys grow, they become taller and gain body mass. During this time, muscle changes as well, first in _______________ and second in _______________.

mass; high-level force production

which of the following is an advantage of variable-resistance training?

matches the changes in joint leverage

During higher-intensity exercises, athletes often experience peripheral fatigue. Which of the following is believed to be the reason for this type of fatigue?

metabolic acidosis

which of the following is the cause of an athletes overstriding when sprinting at maximum velocity?

misunderstanding of force application

the Krebs cycle occurs in which portion of the cell

mitochondria

A coach informs his athletes that at the beginning of the competitive season he will be testing the back squat 1RM on all athletes and he hopes to see at least a 5% improvement for each team member. Shelby is excited by this new goal and the chance to evaluate her abilities. She likely is experiencing what type of motivation?

motive to achieve success

when developing a resistance training program, which of the following program design variables should be addressed first

needs analysis

If a coach is planning to schedule testing and it must all be performed on the same day, which is the most ideal sequence for testing?

nonfatiguing, agility, maximum power and strength, sprints, local muscular endurance, anaerobic capacity, aerobic capacity

Winning is typically the primary focus of what type of goal?

outcome goal

all of the following are benefits of a three-week second transition period EXCEPT

preparing for the upcoming competitive period

which of the following is a treatment goal for rehabilitation during the inflammatory response phase of an injury

prevention of new tissue disruption

which of the following is a treatment goal for rehabilitation during the maturation-remodeling phase of an injury

prevention of new tissue disruption

which of the following is the term for hormone precursors that are theorized to increase the body ability to produce a given specific hormone

prohormones

which of the following is a macronutrient

protein

which of the following is a valid test of local muscular endurance for a well-trained athlete

push-up test

which of the following are the components of the RAMP protocol?

raise, activate, mobilize, potentiate

which of the following is the best example of a pair of exercises that, when performed sequentially with little to no rest between them, constitute a compound set?

upright row and shoulder press

which of the following combination of tests would be most relevant for an American football wide receiver

vertical jump and 30- to 100-yard (27-91 m) sprint

what is the minimum length of the rest period recommended between trails that are close to an athletes maximum

3 minutes

which of the following percentages of an athletes 1RM should be assigned for a non-weightlifting multipoint exercise to maximize power output?

0-30%

which of the following is the maximum recommended weekly increase in training duration for an off-season athlete

10%

which of the following is the recommended minimum amount of floor space for an athlete within a strength and conditioning facility

100 square feet (9.3 m2)

a 50-year old athlete with a resting heart rate of 60 beats/min is training at 70% of his maximal heart rate. Using the maximal heart rate method what is his exercise heart rate

119 beats/min

a 30-year old athlete with a resting heart rate of 50 beats/min is training at 60% of her maximal heart rate. Using the karvonen method what is her exercise heart rate

134 beats/min

What is the MET equivalent of a of 55.0 ml·kg-1·min-1?

15.7

a female athletes body fat percentage was measured before the competitive season. If she was classified as "leaner than average" what was her measurement?

19-20%

If an athlete completes a maximum sprint interval in 10 seconds as part of an interval training workout, which of the following is a recommended length of the rest period before the next sprint?

2 minute

approximately how many METs is equal to a VOmass of 70 ml-kg

20

If an athlete weighs 158 pounds (72 kg) and is 5 feet, 7 inches (170 cm) tall, what is the athlete's BMI?

24.7 kg/m2

when an athlete is performing the upward movement phase of a seated barbell shoulder press exercise, all of the following specify the action of the spotter to assist the athlete to perform the first repetition EXCEPT

Signal the athlete and then lift the bar off the supports.

which of the following grip widths can be determined using the fist-to-opposite-shoulder method or the elbow-to-elbow method

Snatch grip

As the bench press exercise is performed, the sticking point occurs at which of the following points within an athlete's range of motion?

Soon after the transition from the eccentric phase to the concentric phase

which of the following is generally discouraged in older adults due to the sudden rise in blood pressure it can create?

Valsalva maneuver

excessive intake of which of the following vitamins can lead to liver damage, dizziness, and joint pain

Vitamin A

which of the following explains the differences in aerobic power between men and women who are matched by age

Women have a higher percentage of body fat.

which of the following best describes core exercises and assistance exercises respectively

recruit one or more large muscle areas and receive priority when selecting exercises; recruit smaller muscle areas and are considered less important to improving sport performance

neural control affects the maximal force output of a muscle by determining which and how many motor units are involved in a muscle contraction and rate at which the motor units are fired. These two factors are known as what respectively.

recruitment; rate coding

the muscle buffering capacity relates to an athletes ability to

regulate H+ concentrations.

If an athlete's test result is high on one day and low the next day, which of the following aspects of test quality appears to be compromised?

reliability

all of the following influence an athletes volume-load for a resistance training program EXCEPT

repetition and set scheme

which of the following physiological characteristics decreases as an adaptation to aerobic endurance training

resting cardiac output

all of the following factors affect the degree to which blood flows in increased in the working muscles during anaerobic training EXCEPT

resting heart rate of the athlete

which of the following describes the flow of blood

right atrium, right ventricle, lungs, left atrium, let ventricle, body

all of the following are points of contact, with the bench or the floor when an athlete is in the five-point body contact position EXCEPT

right hand

Which anatomical plane divides the body into left and right sections?

sagittal plane

which of the following is the smallest contractile unit of the skeletal muscle?

sarcomeres

which of the following describes a Golgi tendon organ

sensitive to increases in muscular tension

all of the following are considered to be advantages when using weight stack machines EXCEPT

simulates real-life activities

a strength and conditioning professional is training two 16-year old males; one has developed facial hair and a deepened voice, while the other has not. Which of the following is the most effective indicator of their physical maturation level?

skeletal age

according to Huffs drive theory which of the following factors affect an athletes level of arousal and consequently the athletes performance

skill level, task complexity

the acronym SAID refers to which of the following

specific adaptation to imposed demands

which of the following factors is held constant during an accommodating resistance training exercise

speed of movement

the responsibility of clearing an athlete for participation in a strength and conditioning program belongs to which of the following individuals?

sports medicine staff member

which of the following is an example of a closed kinetic chain exercise?

squats, deadlifts, lunges, power cleans, and leg presses

_____ anxiety is the actual experience of apprehension and uncontrolled arousal and ______ anxiety is a personality characteristic, which represents a lateral disposition to perceive situations as threatening

state; trait

which of the following techniques to flip a heavy- equipment tire commonly uses the narrowest hand position or grip?

sumo

the pelvis is located ______ to the patella

superior

which of the following have been observed in men in elevated concentrations up to 30 minutes after a resistance training workout

testosterone, growth hormone, and cortisol

all of the following are adaptations of the endocrine system to resistance training EXCEPT

type of hormones released

In what method of periodization might an athlete perform four sets with a 6RM load on the first day of the week, three sets with a 10RM on the next training day, and five sets with a 3RM load on the last training day of the week?

undulating periodization