GRY 135 - Investigations 5B

2. At 21Z 25 September 2018, the pressure was about ______ mb.

1007

14. The pressure value plotted for North Platte, NE (located in the center of the state) was 274, meaning the sea-level pressure was ______ mb.

1027.4

5. Between 21Z 25 and 13Z 26 September, the pressure change (positive or negative) was approximately ______ mb.

11

10. An even more significant change of temperature occurred in the hour between 22Z and 23Z 25 September, which was approximately ______ °F.

14

4. Between 13Z and 18Z 25 September, the pressure change (positive or negative) was approximately ______ mb.

3

15. Temperatures to the west and northwest of Chicago, specifically in the neighboring states of Iowa, Minnesota, and Wisconsin, were mostly in the ______ °F.

40's

23. Compare the altitudes and pressure levels from the two soundings. Which pressures were at higher altitudes over Little Rock than over Denver?

All of these: 100 mb 250 mb 300 mb 400 mb 500 mb 700 mb

16. Compare the temperatures, dewpoints, air pressures, and wind directions on the Figure 5B-1 meteogram at 13Z 26 September 2018 to those of the Figure 5B-2 station models surrounding the Chicago area in Illinois and Missouri. The values ______ similar.

Are

21. Comparing the two temperature profiles, the atmosphere from 700 mb to 250 mb was cooler above which station?

Both stations are within a few degrees

19. In Figure 5B-3, Little Rock, AR is located on the periphery of a high-pressure system, providing warm air across much of the southeastern states. Upstream (to Little Rock's northwest), multiple cold fronts advanced from northwest to southeast. The air over Colorado was, in fact, ______ than over Little Rock.

Cooler and had less water vapor

9. Between 2Z and 12Z 26 September the ambient temperature trend.

Decreased

22. Comparing the two dewpoint temperature profiles, the atmosphere from 700 mb to 250 mb was cooler and drier above which station?

Denver

24. Constant-pressure "surfaces" are those that can be imagined as undulating surfaces in the atmosphere on which the air pressure is the same (for example, the 500-mb surface). Comparing the altitudes of each of the pressure surfaces from 700 mb to 100 mb indicates that individual constant-pressure surfaces slope from their altitudes in the warmer air over Little Rock ______ to their altitudes in the cooler air over Denver.

Downward

26. Conversely, if you were to fly from Denver to Little Rock while maintaining an actual altitude of 31,000 ft., the air pressure outside your plane would ______.

Gradually increase

12. Looking at the sky cover/wind station model between 3Z and 8Z 26 September, sustained wind speeds were generally among their ______ for the 24-hour period on this meteogram at about ______ knots. This speed deviation coincided (at its outset) with the shift in wind direction and change in the ambient temperature during this same period.

Greatest....15

17. Based on their relative positions on the Figure 5B-2 surface map, the nearby cold front ______ swept eastward beyond the Chicago station.

Had already

20. The plotted temperatures and dewpoints in Denver begin much higher on the chart than Little Rock because Denver, the "mile-high" city, is at a much ______ elevation than Little Rock. This means the launched balloon at Denver cannot obtain data for all the same pressure levels as Little Rock.

Higher

25. Assume you fly from Denver to Little Rock at 31,000 ft. (9400 m) above sea level, a typical altitude for commercial aircraft, using your pressure altimeter. With a pressure altimeter, you fly along a constant-pressure surface. (To visualize this flight, you can compare the reported altitudes of the 300-mb levels of the two stations.) As you approach Little Rock, your aircraft would be at a ______ altitude than indicated by your pressure altimeter when you were over Denver.

Higher

18. On the meteogram in Figure 5B-1, compare the temperatures at Chicago from 21Z 25 September 2018 to that at 13Z 26 September 2018. This temperature change ______ consistent with the passing of a cold front.

Is

3. 3.From 0Z until 13Z 26 September, the end of the meteogram period, the air pressure generally ______. This rate of pressure change occurred swiftly compared to the earlier portion of the meteogram.

Rose

27. Recall from Investigation 5A where profiles from New York and Florida over a range of latitude were shown in Figure 5A-7. In general, as you move toward Earth's poles and higher latitudes, you expect the altitudes of a particular constant-pressure surface to become ______.

Lower

28. This altitude change of a given pressure surface as you move poleward is in response to generally ______ average temperatures in the underlying air columns, between the constant pressure surface and Earth's surface.

Lower

7. From 3Z until 11Z 26 September, winds were generally from the ______, a noted change from the trend on the previous day when the front was not yet past Chicago.

North-Northwest

13. Winds reported in the states of Missouri, Iowa, Illinois, and Indiana were predominantly from the ______. The sky conditions reported in Illinois and Iowa stations were reported as partly cloudy.

Northwest

11. At 23Z 25 and 0Z 26 September, multiple hourly weather reports (denoted in the row labeled "WX" underneath the temperature plot) identified some kind of precipitation or weather event. The symbols, which are consistent with those used on surface weather station plots, indicate ______ were the dominant events being reported at Chicago was during this period.

Rain and thunderstorms

8. The top panel grid on the meteogram shows two black lines representing two types of temperature observations/trends. The top curve is the ambient air temperature, with dewpoint temperature represented as the lower trend line. From 18Z to 22Z 25 September 2018, the ambient temperature ______.

Remained generally constant

6. Directly above the pressure grid panel, second from the bottom in Figure 5B-1, a display of sky cover and winds is shown with station model circles. From 17Z 25 to 0Z 26 September, the wind direction was generally from the ______.

South-Southeast

1. The air pressure (mb) is shown in the bottom graph panel of the meteogram. From 20Z to 22Z 25 September 2018, the air pressure at Chicago was ______. During this period, the storm system and its front were in close proximity to Chicago, moving in from the west.

Unchanging