Guilding social and emotional behavior
Which of the following is NOT a method supported in the guidance tradition for use in solution-orientation with children?
Guilt and shame for mistaken behavior
Which of the following is NOT a source of physiological difficulty that has been shown to make children vulnerable for level Three mistaken behavior according to kaiser and sklar-raminisky?
Heredity personality
Teachers should guide children to progress from
High-level mediation to low-level mediation to child negotiation
Young children do NOT tend to see problems
In abstract terms
Which of the following regarding learning centers is manifest in guidance classrooms?
They are the physical embodiment of developmentally appropriate practice.
Which of the following is the teacher's primary role in the guidance classroom?
To show children how to solve their problems often using conflict management.
A recommended minimum length of time for children to engage in a center activity is approximately 45 minutes.
True
A roadblock to the involvement of families in the school program may occur when staff members are doubtful about the value of using parents as volunteers to the program.
True
According to Brazelton and Greenspan, the important factor in the child's development is the importance of the role of the child's caregiver.
True
According to Vygotsky, as children develop, their private speech evolves into a mechanism for building self-control.
True
According to Vygotsky, his "Zone of Proximal development" is best bridged by the teacher through the use of scaffolding.
True
According to brain research, the brains of children develop best in enriched environments
True
Although there is a mix of qualities that comprise a child's developing personality, the professional teacher learns to respond positively to each child.
True
As a mediator, the teacher should share power with the children involved in the conflict.
True
Before children grow into piaget's "concrete operations" stage, their social understanding is limited.
True
Dewey used the concept of integrated curriculum at the beginning of the 20th century
True
Educational accountability has made its way into the early childhood classrooms.
True
Firmness without harshness is essential in guidance
True
Guidance talks can occur either in the last steps of conflict management, or in some cases, in place of conflict management.
True
Humor is not always an appropriate tool for dealing with a conflict
True
Maria montessori recognized that young children need a sense of order and continuity to the program.
True
Mistaken behavior in children may occur when the child's development needs do not match the programs offerings.
True
No matter what a teacher does, conflicts are inevitable.
True
Not all problem-solving methods utilize peace props.
True
Parents may think that the teacher will be unreceptive to efforts at communication
True
Self-fulfilling prophecy means that an individual acts in accordance with the expectations or the label others give to them.
True
Teachers should encourage children to suggest their own solutions.
True
Teachers should include children in the solution process
True
The cardinal principle calls for firm but friendly communication with children to maintain limits and support their self-concepts
True
The classroom climate has an effect on how children learn social problem-solving skills.
True
Theme-based instruction promotes developmentally appropriate primary grade curriculum.
True
Traffic patterns and noise levels within the classroom are important considerations when one designs center locations.
True
Two possible devices that enable the teacher to visually track the daily schedule for children include the circular day clock and the horizontal day chart.
True
Unconditional positive regard is the positive personal affirmation of the child by the teacher.
True
When children disagree, the immediate resolution of differences is not assured?
True
Which of the following are useful guidance techniques that should be used by teachers?
Use of rewards for positive behaviors and punishments for negative behaviors
Teachers in the guidance classroom may avoid the use of which of the following approaches?
Use punishment to shame only children who manifest severe and negative behaviors
Which of the following is a circumstance for a child considered to be "at-risk"?
Violence against family members occurs
Which of the following questions does NOT help empower children to work things out?
Which of you is at fault here?
According to kourin, which of the following characteristics does an effective teacher demonstrate?
With-it-ness
Which of the following did Vygotsky identify in children as the distance between the actual developmental level determined by problem solving and the potential development?
Zone of proximal development
Which of the following is NOT a level for understanding and addressing mistaken behavior as identified by the author?
Educational deficiencies
Which of the following best engages young children to learn?
All of these answers Frequent small-group activities, many independent activities, limited large-group activities.
The emphasis on academic performance has resulted in which of the following within the field of education today?
Guaranteed student achievement
Which of the following is a possible consideration for various names given to the time children may spend at centers?
All of these answers Work time, free time, playtime
Which of the following is NOT one of the stages Piaget identifies in his development theory?
Disequilibrium
What is the first step of the nonverbal strategy for addressing mistaken behavior?
Eye contact with gestures
A challenge many teachers in high-level mediation is how to impose a solution.
False
Which of the following is NOT a reason that a teacher would want a child-report?
A child did not wash his/her hands before snack time.
Which of the following does NOT involve family members in the preschool/primary grade program?
Administrative program planning
Solution orientation in guidance includes which of the following?
All of the above, Crises intervention strategies, teachers as a responsive leader, conflict management.
Which of the following will help children to transition well from one activity to another?
All of these answers, giving children a five-minute notice before the transition, modeling enthusiasm for the cleanup process, singing a cleanup song with the children
Which of the following best describes authentic assessment?
Assessment based on the actual observation of the child's day-to-day performance
According to Greenberg, the partnership that exists between family members and teachers is insignificant to the teacher's use in the guidance classroom.
False
Which is not a common peace prop?
Block area
Who argued that developmentally appropriate practice (DAP) meant the shifting away from the study of isolated academic subjects toward the study of integrated curriculum?
Bredekamp, copper, and brewer
In which is the teacher least involved?
Child negotiation
Another way to describe "misbehavior" is:
Conflict
Which of the following is NOT one of Steven D. Harlow's relational patterns in his conceptual model for children's social development?
Conflict
When using the five-finger formula for conflict management, start with the thumb, which stands for
Cool down
Which of the following is NOT an example of a practice used in the guidance classroom?
Corporal punishment
Occasionally the teacher needs to rescue children from their own behavior. In order to assist children in difficult situations, which of the following is best for the teacher to use?
Crisis intervention
In learning to accept their "humanness" teachers in the guidance classroom must consider all BUT which of the following?
Denying their own concerns for the benefit of the children
Which is NOT a step of problem solving with parents?
Describing the situation in terms of a problem caused by the child
Which of the following is NOT a common reason why teachers impose moralistic "solutions" that result in punishing One or more children in conflict?
Determination that punishment is preferable to conflict resolution.
The inability of young children to understand the complexity of social situations is
Developmental egocentrism
Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for working with custodial grandparents?
Discourage grandparents from reading children's books about family relationships to share with grandchildren.
Identify which of the following is NOT a stage of development in Erikson's developmental theory?
Disequilibrium
All child-reports should be written down and submitted to the report box, regardless of their content
False
Brain research has determined that the brain is fully formed and operational at birth.
False
Developmentally appropriate practice leads to stress and to frustration from many young children.
False
Erik Erickson believed that healthy personal development came from the resolution of conflicts that invaded the individual from the outside world.
False
Haim Ginott recommended that the teachers label children in order to better understand and teach them.
False
In cases where a child's parents are divorced and the father is not the primary caregiver, the teacher should always avoid involving the father in children's daily activities.
False
In such programs as creative curriculum and Reggio embilio, the classroom environment is taken from other than curriculum.
False
Piaget's stage of "formal operations" develops from around the age of two to seven.
False
Taking time to mediate is time "off task"
False
Teacher-child conflicts occur most frequently when the education program is responsive to developmental needs.
False
Teachers who have the ability to learn from their mistakes are reactive rather than proactive
False
The guidance tradition encourages the teacher to act as a technician
False
The professional teacher holds his or her own judgements as infallible
False
The professional teacher primarily uses intuition to assess situations.
False
The teacher should always intervene when children have a conflict?
False
The term "violence" refers specifically to actions that result in physics harm.
False
When one child hurts another, the teacher should tell him/her to apologize
False
With the growing diversity of families in the United States, events such as "donuts for dads" and "muffins for moms" events to celebrate Mother's Day and Father's Day are all that much more important
False
Which of the following is a possible roadblock preventing family involvement in school?
Family members not finding time for involvement
In building a positive relationship with a father who is the primary caregiver, the teacher should do all BUT which of the following?
Frequently offer unsolicited advice
When putting choices to a child, the teacher should make which one the most attractive?
In-choice
When a child reacts to another child by biting or having a tantrum to get what the child wants, it is an example of which of the following types of aggression?
Instrumental aggression
As a result of brain research, we know which of the following?
Intelligence is not fixed at birth.
Which of the following is one of the intelligences identified by Howard Gardner in his theory of multiple intelligences?
Interpersonal intelligence
The first degree in putting choices to children is
Inviting choices
Who discovered that, in the process of growing and learning, each person goes through a "biologically determined sequence of stages"?
Jean piaget
How can a teacher assist the child in gaining cognitive and emotional resources necessary for appropriate behavior?
Modeling and teaching by caring adults
Which of the following is NOT a type of nonverbal technique for intervention?
Negotiation reminders
The self-talk that children engage in during play is known as
Private speech
Which tends to be the most frequent source of conflict in the preprimary years?
Property
Which of the following is used in guidance tradition classrooms as a method of assisting children to correct mistaken behaviors?
Providing firm but friendly guidance
Which of the following is NOT a follow-up strategy?
Report box
Which of the following is NOT a technique used by teachers to encourage children's appreciation of books and stories?
Selecting books several years above the ability level of the class to challenge students to read beyond their current abilities
Which is not a situation that requires thought about whether to intervene?
Serious mistaken behaviors
Which of the following does the professional teacher utilize in the guidance classroom?
Skills to assess situations
Which of the following is the most immature and least open of the relational patterns identified by Harlow?
Survival
Which of the following is NOT one of the most important considerations when planning the environment within the guidance classroom?
Teacher planning space
Which of the following is NOT a democratic life skill taught in the encouraging classroom?
The ability to suppress emotions
Which of the following does NOT describe the actions of the professional teacher?
The professional teacher does not impose upon family members for their input regarding their children or involve family members in learning about the guidance tradition.
Which of the following is NOT an area that Vygotsky and Piaget are in agreement upon?
The role of private or egocentric speech in learning
Which of the following is NOT one of the recommended guidelines for using conflict management?
The teacher intervenes firmly as a moral authority
