HDFS 2200 Chapter 7

The Netherlands first enacted a civil marriage law in

1590

social insitution

a fundamental component of social organization in which individuals, occupying defined statuses, are "regulated by social norms, public opinion, law, and religion"

individualism

a way to think about ourselves; no longer governed by rules of a community

polyandry

a woman has multiple husbands

Policy advocates from a marital _________ perspective are mainly concerned about the high number and proportions of parents and children living in poverty.

change

An important goal from the marital __________ perspective is to return to a society more in line with the values and norms of companionate marriage.

decline

kin

extended family, includes parents and other relatives such as in-laws, grandparents, aunts and uncles, and cousins

marriage premise

family as a social institution rests on this; permanence, coupled in our society with expectations for monogamous sexual exclusivity

polygyny

form of polygamy where a many can have multiple wives; found in more places and at more times than any other

Which of the following groups are least likely to value sexual exclusivity?

gay men

According to the US Census Bureau, in the last 50 years, the marriage rate has ____________.

generally declined

multiple partner fertility

having children by more than one biological father; looks less desirable in the eyes of a future male partner

polygamy

having more than one spouse; culturally accepted in many parts of the world

The United States is increasingly __________, where romantic love is valued in marriage.

individualistic

One reason for the decline in marriages in the US is that Americans increasingly expect to find __________ in marriage.

love

selection hypothesis

many of the benefits associated with marriage (higher income and wealth, better health), actually result from the personal characteristics of those who choose to marry

swinging

marriage arrangment in which couples exchange partners to engage in purely recreational sex

institutional marriage

marriage as a social institution based on dutiful adherence to the time-honored marriage premise, particularly the norm of permanence

expectations of permanence

marriages have been expected to be lifelong undertakings; derive from the fact that marriage was historically a practical institution

individualized marriage

optional, spouses' roles are flexible, expected rewards = love, communication, emotional intimacy, exists in conjunction with a vast diversity of family forms

covenant marriage

partners agree to be bound by a marriage covenant (stronger than an ordinary contract) that will not let them get divorced easily

In Europe, requirements for women's sexual exclusivity emerged to maintain the __________ line of descent.

patriarchal

Bill and JoAnn have recently married and have made a commitment to each other that they will keep each other as the most important people in their lives, and stay together as long as they live. Bill and JoAnn's joint commitment reflects the expectations of

permanence

role-making

personalizing a role by modifying or adjusting the expectations and obligations traditionally associated with it

______________ is a marriage form found in more places and at more times than any other.

polygyny

marital sanctification

religious belief system that encourages spouses to see their marriages as ordained by God and having divine significance

deinstitutionalization of marriage

situation in which time-honored family definitions and social norms "count for far less" than in the past

individualistic

society in which one's own self-actualization and interests are a valid concern

experience hypothesis

something about the experience of being married itself causes the benefits

expectations of sexual exclusivity

spouses promise to have sexual relations only with each other

family of procreation

the family formed by marrying and having children

family of orientation

the family you grow up in