HDFS 2200 Chapter 7
The Netherlands first enacted a civil marriage law in
1590
social insitution
a fundamental component of social organization in which individuals, occupying defined statuses, are "regulated by social norms, public opinion, law, and religion"
individualism
a way to think about ourselves; no longer governed by rules of a community
polyandry
a woman has multiple husbands
Policy advocates from a marital _________ perspective are mainly concerned about the high number and proportions of parents and children living in poverty.
change
An important goal from the marital __________ perspective is to return to a society more in line with the values and norms of companionate marriage.
decline
kin
extended family, includes parents and other relatives such as in-laws, grandparents, aunts and uncles, and cousins
marriage premise
family as a social institution rests on this; permanence, coupled in our society with expectations for monogamous sexual exclusivity
polygyny
form of polygamy where a many can have multiple wives; found in more places and at more times than any other
Which of the following groups are least likely to value sexual exclusivity?
gay men
According to the US Census Bureau, in the last 50 years, the marriage rate has ____________.
generally declined
multiple partner fertility
having children by more than one biological father; looks less desirable in the eyes of a future male partner
polygamy
having more than one spouse; culturally accepted in many parts of the world
The United States is increasingly __________, where romantic love is valued in marriage.
individualistic
One reason for the decline in marriages in the US is that Americans increasingly expect to find __________ in marriage.
love
selection hypothesis
many of the benefits associated with marriage (higher income and wealth, better health), actually result from the personal characteristics of those who choose to marry
swinging
marriage arrangment in which couples exchange partners to engage in purely recreational sex
institutional marriage
marriage as a social institution based on dutiful adherence to the time-honored marriage premise, particularly the norm of permanence
expectations of permanence
marriages have been expected to be lifelong undertakings; derive from the fact that marriage was historically a practical institution
individualized marriage
optional, spouses' roles are flexible, expected rewards = love, communication, emotional intimacy, exists in conjunction with a vast diversity of family forms
covenant marriage
partners agree to be bound by a marriage covenant (stronger than an ordinary contract) that will not let them get divorced easily
In Europe, requirements for women's sexual exclusivity emerged to maintain the __________ line of descent.
patriarchal
Bill and JoAnn have recently married and have made a commitment to each other that they will keep each other as the most important people in their lives, and stay together as long as they live. Bill and JoAnn's joint commitment reflects the expectations of
permanence
role-making
personalizing a role by modifying or adjusting the expectations and obligations traditionally associated with it
______________ is a marriage form found in more places and at more times than any other.
polygyny
marital sanctification
religious belief system that encourages spouses to see their marriages as ordained by God and having divine significance
deinstitutionalization of marriage
situation in which time-honored family definitions and social norms "count for far less" than in the past
individualistic
society in which one's own self-actualization and interests are a valid concern
experience hypothesis
something about the experience of being married itself causes the benefits
expectations of sexual exclusivity
spouses promise to have sexual relations only with each other
family of procreation
the family formed by marrying and having children
family of orientation
the family you grow up in