HEAD/EYES/EARS

abnormal visual acuity

>20/50 or •one line difference between eyes = consider referral

legally blind is

20/200 in good eye with glasses

periorbital edema can be sign of

eye infection

myopia means

nearsightedness

Autonomic stimulation pupillary constriction?

parasympathetic NS

•Presbyopia is

problems seeing things close

light shining on one retina causes.. termed..

pupillary constriction direct reaction to eye

Autonomic stimulation pupillary dilation and raisin of upper eyelid

sympathetic NS

what muscle moves eye inward toward nose(adduction)

medical rectus

•Presbyopia

(farsightedness)

Visual Field Testing:

Static Finger Wiggle Test

nerve damage or injury to the muscle due to head trauma, congenital, causes or central lesions can cause aberration and lead to

diplopia (double vision)

Round moon face with red cheeks

cushings disease

optic disc denotes the

entry point of optic nerve

pupils contricts when

focus shifts to a close object

rotates the top of the eye away from the nose around the long axis and moves eye upwards

inferior oblique

what muscle moves the eye downward(depression)

inferior rectus

moves eye outward way from nose (abduction)

lateral rectus

rotates the top of the eye toward the nose and around the long axis also moves eye downward

superior oblique rotates the top of the eye away from the nose around the long axis and moves eye upwards

what muscle moves the eye upward(elevation)

superior rectus

when a person shifts gave from a far object to a near object.. mediated by?

the pupils constrict oculomotor nerve III

mixed edema sign of

thyroid issue

pupillary size changed in response to light and

to effort of focusing on a near object

Conjunctiva are transparent but can swell and

transparent but can swell and become injected infection, inflammation, injury

visual acuity is reported as

two number

Fundiscopic exam looks for

•Fundiscopic exam: Optic disk and cup, retina, and retinal vessels

What would you wanna ask in your head history

•Headaches •Dizziness(equilibrium) •Lightheadedness(about to pass out) •History of head trauma

Inspection of eyes

•Position and alignment •Eyebrows •Eyelids •Lacrimal glands •Conjunctiva and Sclera

head PE inspection

•Symmetry •Lesions •Masses •Hair •Skin Palpate when you notice something abnormal

in visual acuity, 20/100 means

•Top number distance from chart, bottom number distance at which a normal eye can read the chart

Eye Hx

•Vision change: unilateral, bilateral, sudden, gradual •Flashing lights •Seeing spots •Excessive tearing or lack of tearing •Eye trauma •Glasses or contacts •Hx of eye disease: glaucoma, cataract, macular degeneration pain/redness/lesions

visual PE

•Visual Acuity •Visual Fields •Conjunctiva and Sclera •Cornea, lens and pupils •Extraocular Movements

myopia is

•one line difference between eyes = consider referral