Health and Wellness: Chapter 4- Stress

Non-rapid eve movement (NREM) sleep

-Stage I: the lightest stage with slower brain waves and varying brain activity. -Stage 2: Deeper but still light, heart rate slows and body temperature drops -Stage 3: Slow-wave sleep or deep sleep; the most necessary for feeling well rested upon waking.

Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep

The final stage of sleep, in which most dreaming occurs. -Brain is very active but muscles relax and is a form of paralysis.

Circadian rhythm

The sleep-and-wake pattern -Coordinated by the brain's ,aster internal clock, the Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)

Microsleep

a momentary lapse in concentration is time enough for a fatal crash to occur

Restless leg syndrome (RLS)

A feeling of discomfort or body tension, often affecting the legs

Melatonin

A hormone that helps control sleep-and-wake cycles and circadian rhythms.

Narcolepsy

A rare neurological disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep paralysis, and a sudden loss of muscle control

insomnia

A sleep problem involving the inability to fall or stay asleep

Cataplexy

A sudden loss of muscle control, may cause slurred speech, a jaw dropping, or leg buckling.

Wakefullness pattern

Alpha pattern -regular brain waves 8 to 10 times per second

Sleep disruptors

Factors that interfere with the ability to fall asleep or stay asleep

Electroencephalogram (EEG)

How brain activity is monitored.

Sleep apnea

Involuntary pauses in breathing during sleep

Zeitgebers

Phenomena such as light that can influence and reset the body's master clock.

Homeostatic sleep drive

Pressure to sleep that builds the longer on is awake -Mainly driven by the neurochemical adenosine