Hernan Cortez

Puritans in America

100 ppl go over, very near where the pilgrims are They send 1000 ppl in the next year, 10 years they send 20000 ppl

Roger Williams 1630s

After a while, church so strict, people started to questioning it Roger is one of their leaders, he starts to get some ideas, does not meet very favorably with the people of the puritan church He said that they should have religious toleration; Oh Oh. In the massachusetts bay colony, if u were a purtiatnt, you had rights to vote..., if u werent, some rights were taken away People went to massachusetts all the time cz they are good organizers. Roger says that they should let other religions practice their religion, puritans were like ummmm Then he said that they should separate church/state (separation of church/state) The church was the government, government should not go with church said roger, the church was like bad bad bad bad bad this isn't a good thing Roger williams said pay the indians for land, so controversial, church was like what God gave it to us, no what are you saying, are you dumb, because we came safely to the shores, it's our land. He is kicked out of the church, he was excommunicated from the church He was kicked out for spreading new and dangerous ideas.

Countries on the south were formed because of money, people are looking to get rich If you were seeking religious freedom, you went to the north

Agriculture you would go in between

How was Rhode Island Made?

Anne Hutchinson A woman was excommunicated because she said that God spoke to her. One of their young ministers Roger Williams was kicked out because of their new and dangerous ideas, because he said that they should pay the natives, and let others vote He and the group of ppl created a new colony, rouge (Rhode) island

Tobacco

Biter nasty tobacco Sweet Caribbean, small, sour from somewhere else Crosses the sweet and bitter America was founded on cigarettes Rolf figured it out

Mexico

Blending 2 cultures in mexico Reason spanish is talked in mexico because cortez You can still see the aztec culture, but it was morphed The amount of gold spain found = strongest ever.

Hernán Cortés

Conqueror (Conquistador), always restless, came from a noble family (not very rich), was going to be a lawyer except it bored him.

1521

Conquers Aztecs

1521

Conquers aztecs. They immediately defeated them, because natives got wooden spears, spanish had muskets, horses, steel weapons. Montezuma dies because aztecs stoned him to death, was not a good ruler. Or Outlived his usefulness, spanish killed him. Aztecs in disarray Send a lot of gold to the king Pushes velasquez aside and takes over Changes spain, governor of cuba and mexico Thinks he will be amazing in spain, explains everything to friends

On the Aztec buildings...

Cortez builds mexico city. They talk about how they believed they take over not just militarily, but also culturally. Takes temples, puts churches instead.

In 1519

Cortez convinces velasquez that he should lead an expedition to conquer mexico. They Finance and expedition, 11 ships, 500 men. Last second, Velasquez cancels. Cortez goes anyways, defies velasquez. Yucatan peninsula, sailed west and got to varaques. Burns ships (lost a lot of money). They weren't turning back.

1547

Cortez dies

Diego Velasquez come to mexico, where Cortez is

Cortez has a problem, diego velasquez, has sent a force to attack cortez So cortez says he is not governor, I am. And send his warriors to attack velasquez, and sends him back to cuba 500 guys and a group of talaxian warriors, Defeats Velasquez force.

Death of Hernan

Cortez most known of conquistadors, because of what he found and conquered. Pleurisy killed cortez 1521-1588 got amazing wealth Ruthless, driven person when it came to conquering the society.

Cortez was Lucky

Cortez with talaxian warriors decide to attack the city. Not only does he win the first battle, gets brilliant ally, he also attack at the same right time when the aztec calendar was lightning perfectly for him.

1588

Defeat of spanish armada Queen elizabeth makes defeat of the spanish armada. After 1588, spain weakens, so england can explore after that. rebalances everything Spain can't tell everybody what to do England = initial advances to north america

1511

Diego Velasquez

Cortez Signs with

Diego Velasquez, the governor of Cuba + Caribbean

One of those 20 women was

Dona Maria, she realizes things quickly. She is a former princess, and her people were overthrown by the aztecs. She hates the aztecs. She was gifted with languages, and quickly learns spanish to communicate with Cortez.

Aztecs fighting 3 wars

Each Other, disease (90-95% of population, not enough place to bury people), and spanish

No money + No Smith =

Everything goes back like it was, no one works, fights between natives and whites They were gonna leave, but tides are wrong Going down the river when they see a boat Start talking Both ships are going for settlements They go back to Jamestown

Sir Walter Raleigh****

Favorite for Queen Elizabeth, asked if he could put John white as governor. She says ok. Believes in colonization

3 Years later

Finally secures a ships and supplies, and heads back.

Roanoke

First colony was a failure, half starved to death, end of summer, early fall. Don't build shelter, don't find crops, out of supplies when winter comes. Can't leave camp because natives shoot at them Through winter it gets bad Eat bugs, shoe leather, the dead, tree bark Half of the settlers die, when the ships come back in spring, they go back to england

Witches and Puritans

First, salem witch trials They saw good and evil everywhere Devil and witches were everywhere 4-5 group of 14-16 year old girls. Were accused or got bored, and said they were witch detectors Became known as witch detectors. They can sense witches Everyone in the church would walk by them, and when they sense a witch, they would scream. The people would go to jail, very cold, freeze to death Even young people Massachusetts is cold Whoever bewitched the would go to jail, but the person who was a witch would be punished Mental illness, they are witches Sometimes people were killed because they are a witch The ppl realized that the girls are lying, and one of the girls said that

The Virginia Company

Gold waiting for you in north america (for not oldest brother, if you don't die) (Half made it back) They get there, no gold Made a colony called Roanoke. Take 100 2nd or 3rd born sons, get to america,. Find gold, get rich

Sailed for 3 reason

Gold, God, Glory

John White

Has a unique perspective on roanoke, survived the winter there. Artist, we can settle roanoke. We need families that they wanna create their own world. John was like no at first. Raleigh is very persuasive, ill put u as governor John Says fine took his wife and child I wanna take my daughter and her husband with me His daughter was pregnant, first english born child in america, called virginia dare.

Headright system:***

I'm in spain, you pay me to come to america, I work for you, I pay it back

What was John Smith's Rule?

If u don't work u don't get food

Dona Maria

Knows their political system, and that the aztecs have a lot of gold. She tells him that she was a former prinsess who was repressed by the aztecs and that she can help him. Make friends with talaxian warriors, then we will attack. Cortez loves her, becomes mistress, has a child. Right Hand man for him, Knows political system, Gives him military advice

They need supplies in Roanoke

Make it through the winter, need more settler, running out of supplies John says I'll be back in 6-9 months Arrives in England in 1588 Ship immediately defeated No supplies, no ships Wait in england for 3 years Worrying about what was happening

Dona Maria

Maria is Eve or Virgin mary Martin= Cortez and Maria child May have had a daughter with one of cortez's men. She was either adored or hated (backstabber). 1525 lose track with maria (may have died in childbirth) Not really married to cortez (he was already married, she was just the mistress) A Key Player, an insider, understood politics of natives Without her, Cortez would've been defeated

Jamestown, money very important

Massachusetts bay, religion important, Most liberal parts of america Puritans red state, but where they lived was blue Absolute power in america, and smart

Quetzalcoatl

One of the Gods of the Aztecs, they thought the spanish were him.

The Box said

Open box, inside is a letter If ur reading this, put john smith in charge Smith sitting there going like 'bout time' Goes in and makes serious changes We're building a fort up at the hill Build a fort cz native Americans are killing us One side of the fort on the river, build a triangle, Block house had really thick timbres Small little windows Last resort, safe room Food ammunition water in there

Pilgrims

Person who sailed the mayflower in 1619 also known as a saint who settled in plymouth, massachusetts

Rolf and Pocahontas get married

Poca becomes Christian, and goes to England She gets fever and dies in England

Reformers***

Puritans

John Rolf

Realizes that they need a crop They notice that the latest rage in Europe is smoking, Sees natives growing tobacco Harvests it Big tobacco plants Sends it to England for ten to try

Cortez goes back to Mexico (Smallpox)

Recovers for 6 months. The city is in full rebellion chaos One of his men has gotten smallpox from spanish, and now Aztecs gets it. Most deadly disease for Natives Death is almost certain. Entire villages were destroyed Exposes disease to aztecs The city is in ruins Cortez forced to take all gold he can People sank to the bottom because gold was heavy in water Goes back to veracruz

Puritans:

Reformers

Puritans (Purest people) 1621

Religion decided every part of their life Religious toleration: that you accept others that are different from you. Puritans don't accept that Puritans in england were smart and rich and educated had high jobs until they wanted to reform the church of england King got upset because he runs the church Starts persecuting the puritans, removed from jobs, not allowed to practice their religion King makes it tough for them to live, not allowed to live in some areas Want their church to be different (puritans) They had been persecuted, and they turn around and do the same to anyone who wasn't like them

Puritans wanted to leave

Religious extremists Decided to petition the king to go to america The king's like go go away

How did they set up for America?

Religious extremists Decided to petition the king to go to america The king's like go go away Other groups:send their groups over, and they would all die They are smart, they actually send a group b4, highly skilled people (farmers, craftsmen, builders) and give them supplies (pre cut building, animals, seeds, right time, 100 ppl...) Mission for the first year is to get the colony ready We r gonna send a group in the next year Simple hardworking ppl Start building shelters... Set the colony Puritans mission, shining light upon the hill that all looked up to. Colony, Massachusetts bay

Montezuma 2

Ruler of Aztecs Montezuma 2 send to cortez gold, riches, and invited him over. The spanish come in with warriors and promptly take montezuma hostage. Spanish had never seen so much gold. Aztecs incredibly rich Dona maria tells cortes how to manipulate montezuma to get what they want. The aztecs figure out that montezuma has been captured Cortex says, fill a room with gold and lets montezuma go. And the Aztecs do it.

Lord Delawarr***

Saves Jamestown

Pilgrims 1619

Separatists, people who wanted to separate Mayflower Plymouth, Massachusetts Squanto is the native that helped them Thanksgiving (they kinda invented)

1519

Sets out to conquer mexico

Mayflower

Ship of the Pilgrims (Saints)

Montezuma 2

The Aztec Ruler

Aztec Calendar

The god quetzalcoatl, come back to the world, new unique form. The spanish land, white people, red hair, he could be quetzalcoatl. Seen new horses, shining armours, thinks he is the God, we should send gifts to not anger the gods.

Cortez conquer a small group of natives

They give him food, supplies, and 20 women.

1511

They go, Cortez is the secretary and treasurer.

Powhatan confederacy (is the name of a group of Native American tribes that were very powerful during the 17th century in the area now known as Virginia)

They have to make peace with the native Americans, who are smart. Pocahontas and john smith had a father daughter relationship. Smith needs to make peace, Powhatan figures it's a good idea Puts him in death Poca saves him As chief he just made to get a connection, new trading power Perfect spy (daughter) She saved smith, so free access to tell daddy what's going on the the whites fort

God is not a nice person, God is

Vengeful and punished you for your sins You were meant to suffer, if u weren't, you weren't doing it right., the no fun people Work hard, go to church services Puriant church service talk about if you didn't shudder you were gonna suffer for all eternity and hell. Didn't believe in cushions because comfortable, and if ur comfortable ur not thinking about God Had merchants, large group, wealthy No stained glass in church, took away from glory of God Priests wore black clothes, buttons, hair, no makeup, no jewelry, if u were different not good.

If you weren't a Puritan and you went to massachusetts bay,

You were excluded from almost all activities, but u went cz u had a chance of not dying. If u werent like them, they would be very religiously intolerant of u

They would take Native Land

and not pay for it, take it by force They brought the dunking chair, the stock

Spanish are going to

conquer mayas, incas, aztecs. (civilizations goes, but some people left)

She, Roger, and other from another colony,

form rhode island. They payed for their land. The name rhode island comes from rogue, it's a change on a name. Puritans called it Rogue island (eww they were bad, they are kicked out)..., so it was changed to rhode.

Before he left

if the colony is gonna die, carve a cross on a tree, if something happens, write where and what happened

At age 14, Cortez

joins the new world to be a part of the conquering of cuba (Not with Columbus)

Smallpox

killed 3,000,000 aztecs, Devastated their society

Then john smith is injured,

metal and wood in his leg (probably gonna die cz of infection) Hi power from one building to the other, and it exploded Take him back to England, but doesn't die No money Smith away

With the death of roanoke

the spanish took over america

when they were on the boat

they fired cannons to let the people know they are here. Looking for lights on the beach They come back to their island, It's fallen apart, books, armor, roof, pumpkins Can't find anybody Runs over to the tree, no cross, but there is a word. It is CROATOAN. Tells the captain to search for croatoan island Don't get there because wind and storm... We don't have a lot of supplies, need to get back to england. The lost colony of roanoke.

Anne Hutchinson 1630s

was also kicked out, first off, she was a women (to be subservient), men made decisions, women stayed at home. She was so far ahead of her time, she said that women could become leaders of the church/priests. She also believed that the indians should be payed for their and She also said that God spoke to her, so the puritans just kicked her out like no no. 1630's both got kicked out.

Virginia Company:

we're gonna go out and get 100 2nd born sons and take them to Jamestown and find gold Same plan We're gonna have a council to help make decisions On the trip over they took 3 ships, and a guy is causing problems (27 years old, john smith, was in wars) because the council members are idiots They put him in chains The box: before they leave the company says take this box, if all hope is lost, open the box They land and the governors say they've got the perfect place to settle The James river next to where they settled It's kinda a swamp They can see the coast to see enemies or friends that's y they settled there They got no fresh water (said john smith) They say no because it is a river John explains how it is salty We should be on hills to fight native Americans They go out and find gold, but don't find any Smith and a group of his followers think it's winter so they want food and shelter Winter shows up and they start to starve to death (tree bark, bugs, shoe leather, the dead) Let's go get food from native Americans, White people are stealing their food They shoot arrows at the whites Half die things are bad