HESI A2 Practice Test

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How many yards are in a mile?

1,760

How many organ systems are there in the human body?

11

How many ounces are there in a gallon?

128

How many centimeters are there in a foot?

30.5

How many pairs of spinal nerves are known to exit the spinal cord?

31

How many ounces are in a ton?

32,000

How many basic tissue types does a human have?

4

How many basic tissues types does a human have?

4

How much of a female's blood is composed of RBCs?

40%

How much air does an adult inhale in an average breath?

500 ml

What is the average bladder capacity in adults?

500ml

What is the range of normal pH of the body fluids?

7.35-7.45

A person who has torn their vastus lateralis muscle will need what?

A cane or crutches

What type of cell is the hemoglobin?

A protein

Which of these is the best analogy describing the function of the kidneys?

A waste treatment plant

What are the two types of cellular transport?

Active and passive

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate is a substance that performs which of the following?

Acts as a secondary messenger

Which of the following is not a type of muscle tissue?

Adipose

Which of the following is not a type of muscle tissue? -Smooth -Skeletal -Adipose -Cardiac

Adipose

Which hormone regulates urine output?

Anti-diuretic hormone

What is the order of parts of the colon?

Ascending, transverse, descending

What force motivates filtration in the kidneys?

Blood pressure

What makes up the pads between the vertebrae?

Cartilage

What part of the brain interprets sensory information?

Cerebrum

What protein is produced by cartilage?

Collagen

Which of the following is NOT a role of cortisol?

Controlling motor impulses

Which is an example of a tissue? -Cortical bone -Liver -Mammal -Hamstring

Cortical bone

A woman's body usually ovulates around what day in a normal 30-day cycle?

Day 14

What is the most widely distributed type of sweat gland?

Eccrine

Which granulocyte is most likely to be elevated during an allergic response?

Eosinophil

What is the name of the outermost layer of the skin?

Epidermis

Sperm, once created, are stored in an area of the male body called the ______.

Epididymis

What is the name of the structure that prevents food from entering the airway?

Epiglottis

The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the end of your femur. What area is she describing?

Epiphysis

A patient of yours is diagnosed with emphysema. In emphysema, the alveoli have trouble exchanging gases between the atmosphere and the blood. It would be true to say that this patient has difficulty with what type of respiration?

External

Where does fertilization normally occur?

Fallopian tubes

Humans can survive most easily without which of the following?

Gallbladder

The pancreas secretes ... to control low blood glucose levels

Glucagon

Which of these hormones is not secreted by the brain? -HCG -GnRH -LH -FSH

HCG

What type of joint can only move 2 directions?

Hinge

Which of the following is responsible for differentiation, or specialization, of cells?

Hormones

Which structure controls the hormones secreted by the pituitary gland?

Hypothalamus

Where is the interstitial fluid found?

In the tissues around the cells

What are the lab values for a person with acidosis?

Increased PaCO2 and decreased pH

What hormone decreases the concentration of blood glucose?

Insulin

Vitamin K is created in the ...

Intestinal tract

Estrogen serves what primary function in the female reproductive system?

It initiates the preparation of the endometrium for pregnancy.

Which chamber of the heart is the most muscular?

L ventricle

What stimulates the interstitial cells of the testicles to produce testosterone?

LH (luteinizing hormone)

Which cells are in the skin and assist in boosting immune function?

Langerhans cells

What testicular cells secrete testosterone?

Leydig cells

Roman Numerals M D C L X V I

M: 1000 D: 500 C: 100 L: 50 X: 10 V: 5 I: 1

When does nuclear division of somatic cells take place during cellular reproduction?

Mitosis

What is the relationship between sarcomeres and muscle cells?

Muscle cells contain myofibrils, which in turn are made up of sarcomeres

Which of the following organ systems has the purpose of producing movement through contraction?

Muscular

Which organ system is in charge of producing movement through contraction?

Muscular

Which layer of the heart contains striated muscle fibers for contraction of the heart?

Myocardium

Is glucose a product of respiration?

No

What component of the nervous system lowers the heart rate?

Parasympathetic nervous system

What structure regulates calcium?

Parathyroid

Which part of the cardiac conduction system is the most distal from the initial impulse generation and actually conducts the charge throughout the heart tissue?

Perkinje fibers

What type of cells secrete antibodies?

Plasma cells

What is the role of ribosomes?

Produce proteins

Which hormone is produced in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle?

Progesterone

Which hormone stimulates milk production?

Prolactin

What type of cell breaks down to form urea?

Protein

Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood back to the heart?

Pulmonary veins

What is Erythropoiesis?

Red blood cell formation

Which structure is responsible for consciousness and arousal?

Reticular system

The largest organ in the body is the ...

Skin

The majority of nutrient absorption occurs in the...

Small intestine

What type of muscle tissue is formed in disarray?

Smooth

Which of the following is not a type of connective tissue? -Smooth -Adipose -Cartilage -Blood tissue

Smooth

What is the primary function of gastrin?

Stimulate secretion of gastric enzymes and motility in the stomach

In which part of the body is keratin NOT found?

Teeth

Choose the statement that best describes the alimentary canal

The alimentary canal consists of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus

Which of the following is true of the axial skeleton?

The axial skeleton consists of a total of 28 bones of the skull

The pectoralis major muscle is located in which general area?

The chest

Inhalation requires the contraction of what structure?

The diaphragm

Deflections of the EKG represent which of the following?

The electrical activity that precedes contraction and relaxation

The soleus muscle is located in which general area?

The legs

Which of the following is true about simple reflexes?

They travel only through the spinal cord

What is the purpose of the mastication of food?

To increase its surface area

Afferent vessels carry fluid away or to a structure?

Towards a structure

Cricoid cartilage is found on the ..

Trachea

Follicle-stimulating hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone are what type of hormones?

Tropic

What is the name of the structure that transfers urine from the kidneys to the bladder?

Ureters.

What cranial nerve is responsible for hearing and balance?

VIII

What type of blood vessel has the least amount of pressure?

Vein

The medulla oblongata has what primary responsibility?

Vital functions

Which vitamin helps in blood clotting?

Vitamin K

The neuron is composed of a/n ________, which transmits signals toward the cell body, and a/n _______, which transmits signals away from the cell body

dendrite, axon

Muscles produce contraction due to the sliding action of:

filaments

The spinal cord reaches from the base of the skull to the first or second lumbar vertebra. The base of the skull is also known as

foramen magnum

A medical scientist wants to study the parenchyma of the kidney. This scientist would correctly be known, most specifically, as a ...

histologist

Moving the arm toward the body would be described as a _______ movement, rather than a ______ movement.

proximal, distal

Which of the following is not a type of connective tissue?

smooth

Michael is playing on the playground with Suzy and decides to climb the castle while Suzy stays on the ground. Michael's position relative to Suzy is ________.

superior

The triceps reflex forces contraction of ... and extension of the ...

triceps, arm


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