HESI A2 Practice Test
How many yards are in a mile?
1,760
How many organ systems are there in the human body?
11
How many ounces are there in a gallon?
128
How many centimeters are there in a foot?
30.5
How many pairs of spinal nerves are known to exit the spinal cord?
31
How many ounces are in a ton?
32,000
How many basic tissue types does a human have?
4
How many basic tissues types does a human have?
4
How much of a female's blood is composed of RBCs?
40%
How much air does an adult inhale in an average breath?
500 ml
What is the average bladder capacity in adults?
500ml
What is the range of normal pH of the body fluids?
7.35-7.45
A person who has torn their vastus lateralis muscle will need what?
A cane or crutches
What type of cell is the hemoglobin?
A protein
Which of these is the best analogy describing the function of the kidneys?
A waste treatment plant
What are the two types of cellular transport?
Active and passive
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate is a substance that performs which of the following?
Acts as a secondary messenger
Which of the following is not a type of muscle tissue?
Adipose
Which of the following is not a type of muscle tissue? -Smooth -Skeletal -Adipose -Cardiac
Adipose
Which hormone regulates urine output?
Anti-diuretic hormone
What is the order of parts of the colon?
Ascending, transverse, descending
What force motivates filtration in the kidneys?
Blood pressure
What makes up the pads between the vertebrae?
Cartilage
What part of the brain interprets sensory information?
Cerebrum
What protein is produced by cartilage?
Collagen
Which of the following is NOT a role of cortisol?
Controlling motor impulses
Which is an example of a tissue? -Cortical bone -Liver -Mammal -Hamstring
Cortical bone
A woman's body usually ovulates around what day in a normal 30-day cycle?
Day 14
What is the most widely distributed type of sweat gland?
Eccrine
Which granulocyte is most likely to be elevated during an allergic response?
Eosinophil
What is the name of the outermost layer of the skin?
Epidermis
Sperm, once created, are stored in an area of the male body called the ______.
Epididymis
What is the name of the structure that prevents food from entering the airway?
Epiglottis
The orthopedic surgeon informs you that you have broken the end of your femur. What area is she describing?
Epiphysis
A patient of yours is diagnosed with emphysema. In emphysema, the alveoli have trouble exchanging gases between the atmosphere and the blood. It would be true to say that this patient has difficulty with what type of respiration?
External
Where does fertilization normally occur?
Fallopian tubes
Humans can survive most easily without which of the following?
Gallbladder
The pancreas secretes ... to control low blood glucose levels
Glucagon
Which of these hormones is not secreted by the brain? -HCG -GnRH -LH -FSH
HCG
What type of joint can only move 2 directions?
Hinge
Which of the following is responsible for differentiation, or specialization, of cells?
Hormones
Which structure controls the hormones secreted by the pituitary gland?
Hypothalamus
Where is the interstitial fluid found?
In the tissues around the cells
What are the lab values for a person with acidosis?
Increased PaCO2 and decreased pH
What hormone decreases the concentration of blood glucose?
Insulin
Vitamin K is created in the ...
Intestinal tract
Estrogen serves what primary function in the female reproductive system?
It initiates the preparation of the endometrium for pregnancy.
Which chamber of the heart is the most muscular?
L ventricle
What stimulates the interstitial cells of the testicles to produce testosterone?
LH (luteinizing hormone)
Which cells are in the skin and assist in boosting immune function?
Langerhans cells
What testicular cells secrete testosterone?
Leydig cells
Roman Numerals M D C L X V I
M: 1000 D: 500 C: 100 L: 50 X: 10 V: 5 I: 1
When does nuclear division of somatic cells take place during cellular reproduction?
Mitosis
What is the relationship between sarcomeres and muscle cells?
Muscle cells contain myofibrils, which in turn are made up of sarcomeres
Which of the following organ systems has the purpose of producing movement through contraction?
Muscular
Which organ system is in charge of producing movement through contraction?
Muscular
Which layer of the heart contains striated muscle fibers for contraction of the heart?
Myocardium
Is glucose a product of respiration?
No
What component of the nervous system lowers the heart rate?
Parasympathetic nervous system
What structure regulates calcium?
Parathyroid
Which part of the cardiac conduction system is the most distal from the initial impulse generation and actually conducts the charge throughout the heart tissue?
Perkinje fibers
What type of cells secrete antibodies?
Plasma cells
What is the role of ribosomes?
Produce proteins
Which hormone is produced in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle?
Progesterone
Which hormone stimulates milk production?
Prolactin
What type of cell breaks down to form urea?
Protein
Which blood vessels carry oxygenated blood back to the heart?
Pulmonary veins
What is Erythropoiesis?
Red blood cell formation
Which structure is responsible for consciousness and arousal?
Reticular system
The largest organ in the body is the ...
Skin
The majority of nutrient absorption occurs in the...
Small intestine
What type of muscle tissue is formed in disarray?
Smooth
Which of the following is not a type of connective tissue? -Smooth -Adipose -Cartilage -Blood tissue
Smooth
What is the primary function of gastrin?
Stimulate secretion of gastric enzymes and motility in the stomach
In which part of the body is keratin NOT found?
Teeth
Choose the statement that best describes the alimentary canal
The alimentary canal consists of the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus
Which of the following is true of the axial skeleton?
The axial skeleton consists of a total of 28 bones of the skull
The pectoralis major muscle is located in which general area?
The chest
Inhalation requires the contraction of what structure?
The diaphragm
Deflections of the EKG represent which of the following?
The electrical activity that precedes contraction and relaxation
The soleus muscle is located in which general area?
The legs
Which of the following is true about simple reflexes?
They travel only through the spinal cord
What is the purpose of the mastication of food?
To increase its surface area
Afferent vessels carry fluid away or to a structure?
Towards a structure
Cricoid cartilage is found on the ..
Trachea
Follicle-stimulating hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and luteinizing hormone are what type of hormones?
Tropic
What is the name of the structure that transfers urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
Ureters.
What cranial nerve is responsible for hearing and balance?
VIII
What type of blood vessel has the least amount of pressure?
Vein
The medulla oblongata has what primary responsibility?
Vital functions
Which vitamin helps in blood clotting?
Vitamin K
The neuron is composed of a/n ________, which transmits signals toward the cell body, and a/n _______, which transmits signals away from the cell body
dendrite, axon
Muscles produce contraction due to the sliding action of:
filaments
The spinal cord reaches from the base of the skull to the first or second lumbar vertebra. The base of the skull is also known as
foramen magnum
A medical scientist wants to study the parenchyma of the kidney. This scientist would correctly be known, most specifically, as a ...
histologist
Moving the arm toward the body would be described as a _______ movement, rather than a ______ movement.
proximal, distal
Which of the following is not a type of connective tissue?
smooth
Michael is playing on the playground with Suzy and decides to climb the castle while Suzy stays on the ground. Michael's position relative to Suzy is ________.
superior
The triceps reflex forces contraction of ... and extension of the ...
triceps, arm