HESI EAQ

A client with myasthenia graves has been receiving neostigmine and asks about its action. What information about its action should the nurse consider when formulating a response?

blocks the action of cholinesterase

a client residing in an assisted living facility is diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, and the healthcare provider prescribes selegiline. what precaution will the nurse teach the client?

change to a standing position slowly

a client with diabetes who is receiving long term corticosteroid therapy is admitted to the hospital with leg ulcers. what increased risk does the nurse consider when assessing this client?

inadequate wound healing

after being hospitalized for a TIA related to hypertension, a client is discharged with a prescription of hydrochlorothiazide. what should the nurse instruct the client to do when taking this medication?

increase the intake of potassium rich foods

A client with hyperthyroidism is to receive methimazole. What instructions does the nurse provide?

initial improvement will take several weeks

during a teaching session about insulin injections, a client asks the nurse, why can't I take the insulin in pills instead of taking shots? what is the nurse's best response?

insulin is destroyed by gastric juices, rendering it ineffective

a client is admitted to the hospital after general paresis develops of as complication of syphilis. which therapy should the nurse anticipate will most likely be prescribed for this client?

penicilli therapy

a male client who is receiving prolonged steroid therapy complains of always being thirsty and urinating frequently. what is the nurse's best initial action?

perform a finger stick to test the clients blood glucose level

A client newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes is receiving glyburide and asks the nurse how this drug works. What mechanism of action does the nurse provide?

stimulates the pancreas to produce insulin

a client with a hemoglobin level of 6.2 is receiving packed red blood cells. 20 minutes after the infusion starts, the client complains of chest pain, difficulty breathing and feeling cold. what is the first action the nurse should take?

stop the transfusion

after several days of IV therapy for chloroquine-resistant malaria, the HCP replaces the IV medication with oral quinine, 2 g per day in divided doses. the nurse advises the client to take this medication after meals for what purpose?

to minimize gastric irritation

a client with gastric ulcer disease asks the nurse why the health care provider has prescribed metronidazole. what purpose does the nurse provide?

to treat H. pylori

A nurse concludes that the simvastatin being administered to a client is effective. A decrease in what clinical finding supports this conclusion?

triglycerides

what should the nurse monitor for when a client is receiving a platelet aggression inhibitor such as clopidogrel?

epistaxis (nosebleeds)

a client who had an MI receives 15 mg of morphine sulfate for chest pain. 15 minutes after receiving the drug, the client complains of feeling dizzy. what action should the nurse take?

place the client in the supine position and take vitals

a nurse is caring for a client who is receiving TPN. which responses indicate that the client is experiencing hyperglycemia?

polyuria, polydipsia, and RR of 24

enoxaparin 40 mg subQ daily is prescribed for a client who had abdominal surgery. the nurse explains that the medication is given for what purpose?

provide prophylaxis against postoperative thrombus formation

a client diagnosed with tuberculosis is taking isoniazid. to prevent a food and drug interaction, the nurse should advise the client to avoid which foot item?

red wine

a client is admitted to the hospital for a subtotal thyroidectomy. when discussing postoperative drug therapy with the client, what will the nurse include in the teaching?

report palpitations, nervousness, tremors, or loss of weight that may indicate an overdose of thyroid hormone

A client is diagnosed with Parkinson disease and receives a prescription for levodopa therapy. What does the nurse identify as the drug's mechanism of action?

restores the dopamine levels in the brain

what should a nurse teach the client to do to avoid lipodystrophy when self-administering insulin therapy?

rotate injection sites

a client who takes four 325 mg tablets of buffered aspirin four times a day for severe arthritis complains of dizziness and ringing in the ears. which complication does the nurse conclude that the client is probably experiencing?

salicylate toxicity

tissue plasminogen activator is to be administered to a client in the ED. which is the priority nursing assessment?

signs of bleeding

a client with heart failure is to receive digoxin and asks the nurse why the medication is necessary. what physiologic response will the nurse include when answering the client's question?

slows and strengthens cardiac contractions

after a basal cell carcinoma is removed by fulguration, a client is given a topical steroid to apply to the surgical site. the nurse evaluates that the teaching regarding steroids and skin lesions is effective when the client identifies which action as the primary purpose of the medication?

reduce inflammation at the surgical site

dexamethasone has been prescribed for a client after a craniotomy for a brain tumor. when evaluating the effectiveness of the medication, the nurse expects what physiologic response?

reduced cerebral edema

a nurse is preparing to teach a client to apply a nitroglycerin patch as prophylaxis for angina. which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

remove the previous patch before applying the next one

a client who is taking an oral hypoglycemic daily for type 2 diabetes develops the flu and is concerned about the need for special care. what should the nurse advise the client?

-take the oral medication -drink fluids throughout the day -monitor capillary glucose levels

a client has severe diarrhea, and the healthcare provider prescribes intravenous fluids, sodium bicarbonate, and an antidiarrheal medication. which drug does the nurse expect the healthcare provider to prescribe? A. psyllium B. bisacodyl C. loperamide D. docusate sodium

C. loperamide everything else is for constipation

sublingual nitroglycerin tablets are prescribed to control periodic episodes of chest pain in the client with stable angina. which instruction should the nurse include the teaching the client about sublingual nitroglycerin?

common side effects include headache and low blood pressure

a nurse provides teaching regarding vitamin B12 injections to a client with pernicious anemia. what statement by the client indicates that teaching was understood?

I must take this monthly for the rest of my life

a client is diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis, and the healthcare provider prescribes a combination of rifampin and isoniazid. the nurse evaluates that the teaching regarding the drug is effective when the client reports which action as MOST important?

continue taking the medicine even after I feel better

A nurse is evaluating the results of treatment with erythropoietin. Which assessment finding indicates an improvement in the underlying condition being treated?

decreased pallor

While awaiting surgery, a client with a long history of Crohn disease is receiving total parenteral nutrition on an outpatient basis. The nurse teaches the client that TPN helps to prepare for surgery by which process?

decreasing fecal bulk

an insulin pump is instituted for a client with type I diabetes. the nurse plans discharge instructions. which short term goal is the priority for the client?

demonstrate correct use of the insulin pump

a client develops a seizure disorder as a result of a traumatic fall. when the client returns to the clinic for a routine visit, the client states, "I have not had a seizure in 2 years. when can I stop taking my anti seizure medications?" what is the nurse's best response?

a gradual reduction in seizure medication may be considered

a nurse is administering serum albumin IV to a client with ascites. in response to this therapy, what does the nurse expect to decrease?

abdominal girth

a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus has a finger stick glucose level of 258 at bedtime. a prescription for sliding scale regular insulin exists. what should the nurse do?

administer the insulin as prescribed

a client with lymphosarcoma is receiving allopurinol and methotrexate. the nurse can help the client prevent complications related to uric acid nephropathy by administering which drug in relation to fluid intake?

allopurinol and encouraging increased fluid intake

a client develops a gallstone that becomes lodged in the common bile duct. an endoscopic sphincterotomy is scheduled. the client asks the nurse what will be done to prevent pain. what should the nurse reply?

an IV sedative is usually administered

A client is undergoing diagnostic testing to determine if the client has myasthenia gravis. The nurse understands that the test that is most specific for determining the presence of this disease is what?

edrophonium chloride test

a nurse is caring for a postoperative client who has an NG tube set to low intermittent suction. the nurse recalls that the primary reason that an IV of 5% dextrose with 0.45% sodium chloride and 20 mEq of potassium has been prescribed is to prevent which complication?

electrolyte imbalance

a client is admitted for dehydration and an IV of normal saline is started at 125 mL/hr. one hour later, the client begins screaming, I can't breathe! how should the nurse respond?

elevate the head of the bed and obtain vitals

what effect of povidone-iodine does a nurse consider when using it on the client's skin before obtaining a specimen for a blood culture?

eliminates surface bacteria that may contaminate the culture

the nurse is administering lactulose to a client with a history of cirrhosis of the liver. the client asks the nurse why this medication is needed because the client is not constipated. how will the nurse respond?

this medication helps you lower your high ammonia levels caused by your liver disease

following surgery, TPN is instituted via a central venous infusion. during the 4th hour of the infusion the client complains of nausea, fatigue and a headache. the hourly urine output is twice the amount of the previous hour. after contacting the primary health care provider, what is the next action the nurse should take?

check the serum glucose level rapid administration can cause glucose overload

A client is receiving combination chemotherapy for treatment of metastatic carcinoma. For which systemic side effect should the nurse monitor the client?

leukopenia

a client is taking furosemide and digoxin for heart failure. why does the nurse advise the client to drink a glass of orange juice every day?

maintaining potassium levels

a nurse teaches a client about the dangers of using sodium bicarbonate regularly. what effect of sodium bicarbonate is the nurse trying to prevent?

metabolic alkalosis

a client is admitted to the cardiac ICU with intense chest pain. what pain relief medication does the nurse expect to find on the plan of care for this client?

morphine

A client is scheduled for an adrenalectomy. What does the nurse expect that the plan of care will include?

parenteral corticosteroids

what information should the nurse include when teaching a client about antacid tablets?

it interferes with the absorption of other drugs

the spouse of a client with an intracranial hemorrhage asks the nurse, why aren't they administering an anticoagulant? how will the nurse respond?

it is not advisable because bleeding will increase

what should a nurse include in a teaching plan to help reduce the side effects associated with diltiazem?

change slowly from sitting to standing to prevent orthostatic hypotension

a client with type II diabetes is taking one glyburide tablet daily. the client asks whether an extra pill should be taken before exercise. what is the nurse's best reply?

do not take an extra pill because you may become hypoglycemic when exercising

a client with stage III Hodgkin disease is started on ABVD therapy, a multiple drug regimen. the client asks why so many drugs need to be given all at once. which is the best response by the nurse?

each drug destroys the cancer cell at a different time in the cell cycle

a client is treated with lorazepam for status epileptics. what effect of lorazepam does the nurse consider therapeutic?

depresses the CNS

a client who is receiving multiple medications for an MI complains of severe nausea, and the client's heartbeat is irregular and slow. the nurse determines that these signs and symptoms are toxic effects of what drug?

digoxin

a client with arthritis is taking large doses of aspirin. what symptom does the nurse include when teaching the client about the clinical manifestations of aspirin toxicity?

disturbances in hearing

A client with Hodgkin disease is placed on an ABVD combination chemotherapy regimen. Because doxorubicin is part of this therapy, what education will the nurse provide about this drug?

expect urine to turn red for a few days after taking this drug

a client's IV infusion infiltrates. the nurse concludes that what is most likely the cause of the infiltration?

failure to secure the catheter adequately

a client is admitted to the ICU with acute pulmonary edema. which diuretic does the nurse anticipate will be prescribed?

furosemide

at 4:30 pm, a client who is receiving NPH insulin every morning states, I feel very nervous. the nurse observes that the client's skin is moist and cool. what is the nurse's most accurate interpretation of what the client is likely experiencing?

hypoglycemia

a client is receiving furosemide to relieve edema. the nurse should monitor the client for which response to the medication?

hypokalemia

A client is admitted to the hospital for an adrenalectomy. The nurse is providing postoperative care before the client's replacement steroid therapy is regulated fully. The nurse should monitor the client for which complication?

hypotension

what is an independent nursing action that should be included in the plan of care for a client after an episode of Ketoacidosis?

monitor for signs of hypoglycemia resulting from treatment

a client who is obtunded has a blood pressure of 80/35 after a blood transfusion. in an effort to support renal perfusion, the nurse administers dopamine at 2 mcg/kg/min as prescribed. what is the most relevant outcome indicating effectiveness of the medication?

an increase in urinary output

A client who is receiving phenytoin to control a seizure disorder questions the nurse regarding this medication after discharge. How willl the nurse respond?

anti seizure drugs will probably be continued for life

a terminally ill client in a hospice unit for several weeks is receiving a morphine drip. the dose is now above the typical recommended dosage. the client's spouse tells the nurse that the client is again uncomfortable and needs the morphine increased. the prescription states to titrate the morphine to comfort level. what should the nurse do?

assess the client's pain before increasing the dose of morphine

the nurse is preparing to administer an IV piggyback antibiotic that has been newly prescribed. shortly after initiation, the client becomes restless and flushed and begins to wheeze. the nurse determines that the appropriate priority action will be to stop the antibiotic infusion and then do what?

assess the client's respiratory status