HESI

atom

Building blocks of molecule contains nucleus and orbit

Dermis

Deep layer of skin that is connective tissuewith blood vessels, nerve endings, and the associated skin structures.

Distal

Directional term that refers to farther away from the point of attachment of an extremity to the trunk.

Golgi apparatus

Cell organelle that packages, processes, and distributes molecules about or from the cell.

Celsius

Metric unit for measuring temperature; On this scale water freezes at zero and boils at 100.

axial skeleton

Portion of the skeletal system that consists of the skull, rib cage, and vertebral column

cursory

Quick, perfunctory, not thorough. (EX: During triage the paramedic gave each accident victim a cursory examination)

Electron transport chain

Series of steps in cellular respiration that produces water and ATP.

Benevolent

Showing sympathy understanding and generosity

A ball rolling across a table travels 6 inches per second. How many feet will it travel in 1 minute?

1 min= 60 sec 6in/sec x 60 sec= 360 in 1 ft= 12 in 360in/12in =30 ft

A fence measures 15 ft. long. How many yards long is the fence?

1 yard=3 feet 15/3= 5 yards

If one parent has the genotype BB, and the other parent has the genotype bb, what is the probability that the offspring will inherit the dominant trait?

100%

average speed

The distance an object travels divided by the time it takes to travel without regard to direction of travel.

Connotation

The emotions or feelings that the reader attaches to words.

external respiration

The exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the blood through the alveoli.

Codon

Three-base sequence of messenger RNA.

constrict

To draw together or become smaller

Which of the following is the strongest base? a)F- b)Cl- c)Br- d)I-

a) F- Fluoride is the most electronegative and smallest ion, and thus would be a strong base.

Where does meiosis occur? a) In the nucleus of future egg or sperm cells b) In the cytoplasm of future egg or sperm cells c) In the nucleus of any dividing cell d) In the cytoplasm of any dividing cell

a) In the nucleus of future egg or sperm cells

The two main branches from the trachea (one to each lung) are called the a) bronchi b) alveoli c) capillaries d) bronchioles

a) bronchi

An entire subunit of a kidney that purifies blood and restores solute and water balance is called the a) nephron. b) glomerulus. c) ureter. d) loop of Henle.

a) nephron.

Which of the following will substitute for x and make the statement below true? 56 - (7 - x) = 53 a)4 b)3 c)2 d)1

a)4

precipitous

abrupt, sudden, rapid, steep "the precipitous cliffs of the North Atlantic coast" "the end of the war led to a precipitous decline in exports"

Comply

acquiesce in another's wish, command, etc.

collateral

adjoining or accompanying

amino acids

an organic compound that contains at least one amino group and a carboxyl group. building blocks of proteins.

cavity

any hollow place or space

Which of the following describes the function of the pancreas? a) Delays puberty by inhibiting sex hormones b) Promotes growth of female sex organs c) Maintains blood sugar levels d) Stimulates antibody production

c

Which of the following statements about energy is correct? a) High levels of energy result from the ability of ecosystems to recycle energy. b) Plants create energy in the process of photosynthesis. c) Animals do not derive energy from the sun. d) Cellular respiration results in formation of the energy-rich molecule ATP.

c

Which of these is equal to 5 11/25 a) 2.2 b) 5.44 c) 5.22 d) 0.522

c

The ratio of the six inches to six feet is a) 1:6 b) 12:01 c) 1:12 d) 24:01:00

c) 1:12 Step 1. To find the correct ratio, write it as: 6 inches/6 feet Step 2. Rewrite each quantity in inches. 6 inches/72 feet Step 3. Simplify the ratio. 1/12 1:12

If x = -1 and y = 2, what is the value of (y - x) 3 ? a) 1 b) 9 c) 27 d) 81

c) 27 (2 - (-1))3 = 33 = 27

All of the following functions are associated with the hypothalamus EXCEPT: a) Emotions. b) Balancing bodily fluids. c) Maintaining balance. d) Sex drive.

c) Maintaining balance is a function of the cerebellum.

In which organ does digestion begin? a) Stomach b) Small intestine c) Mouth d) Esophagus

c) Mouth

A gas will exhibit the most ideal behavior when the gas molecules are a) close together and have weak attractive forces. b) close together and have strong attractive forces. c) far apart and have weak attractive forces. d) far apart and have strong attractive forces.

c) far apart and have weak attractive forces. A gas behaves most ideally when the molecules are spread far apart and have weak or no intermolecular forces.

Which type of tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and structure for the organs?

connective tissue

A hypothesis is a) a statement that leads to further questions. b) another name for an observation. c) the statistical method used to collect and analyze data. d) a measurable explanation of an observation.

d

If the chromosomes of a eukaryotic cell were lacking telomerase, the cell would a) have a greater potential to become cancerous than one with telomerase. b) would be able to repair mismatched base pairs during replication. c) not produce Okazaki fragments. d) become increasingly shorter with each cycle of replication.

d

Prokaryotes, like bacteria, are very different from eukaryotes, like amoeba. The similarities they share are a) they both have endoplasmic reticulum. b) they both have DNA. c) they both have ribosomes. d) they have both DNA and ribosomes.

d

The hydrogen bonds in water are a result of a) the hydrogen of one molecule bonding to the hydrogen of another molecule. b) the oxygen of one molecule bonding to one of the hydrogens of that molecule. c) the hydrogen of a water molecule bonding to the nitrogen of another. d) the hydrogen of one molecule bonding to the oxygen of another molecule.

d

The raw materials used by plants in photosynthesis are a) oxygen and water. b) carbohydrates and carbon dioxide. c) oxygen and carbon dioxide. d) carbon dioxide and water.

d

The sarcomere of a muscle fiber a) is the site of blood-cell formation. b) attaches muscle to bone. c) secretes bone-dissolving enzymes. d) is the functional unit of muscular contraction.

d

The upper chambers of the heart are the a) artery. b) ventricle. c) vesicle. d) atrium.

d

A patient has an order written for 12 fl. oz. of a medication. How many mLs is this? a) 120 mL b) 180 mL c) 240 mL d) 360 mL

d) 360 mL To convert fl. oz. to mL, multiply by 30. (12)(30) = 360 mL. 120 mL (choice A) would be 4 fl. oz., 180 mL (choice B) would be 6 fl. oz., and 240 mL (choice C) would be 8 fl. oz.

The temperature is 96° on the beach at 1 p.m. on Monday. If the temperature decreases by 25% by 5 a.m. Tuesday morning and then increases by 10% by noon that same day, what is the approximate temperature at noon on Tuesday? a) 76° b) 72° c) 82° d) 79°

d) 79 The temperature at 5 a.m. the next day is 96° - 0.25(96° ) = 96° 24° = 72° . So, the temperature at noon that same day is 72° + 0.10(72° ) = 72° + 7.2° ≈ 79°.

convulsive

having or causing convulsions, i.e., violent shaking of the body

adhere

hold closely to an idea or course; be devoted

binding energy

how tightly the electron is bound to the nucleus

Paltry

insignificant

What type of bond involves the transfer of electrons between metal and nonmetal ions with opposite charges?

ionic

Phylum Cnidaria

jellyfish

taxonomic classification

kingdom, phylum or division, class, order, family, genus, species.

Chronic

lasting or recurring over a long period of time

circuitous

lengthy due to being indirect or roundabout

accountable

liable or responsible

Which term refers to substances that undergo a chemical reaction to form other substances?

reactants

Eruthrocytes

red blood cells

abstain

refrain; choose to avoid or not to participate

principally

mostly, mainly

annual

occurring or returning once a year

boisterous

rough, rowdy, unruly

cicatrix

scar

Complication

something intricate, involved, or aggravating

basic unit of measure

standard unit of a system by which a quantity is accounted for and expressed (grams, liters, or meters)

Catalysts

substances that speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy or the amount of energy needed for a reaction to occur

Acute

sudden, intense

Cardiac

pertaining to the heart

Gravid

pregnant

congenital

present at birth

abstract noun

the name of a quality or a general idea

mercurial

unpredictable changes in mood

xylem

vascular tissue that carries water upward from the roots to every part of a plant

Phylum Chordata

vertebrates

concave

with an outline or surface curved inward

equlibrium

A state in which reactants are forming products at the same rate that products are forming reactants.

adverse

(adj) harmful to one's interests; unfortunate Undesired, possibly harmful Vomiting is an adverse effect of many medications

critique

(critical) review

paroxysm

(n.) a sudden outburst; a spasm, convulsion

Abate

(v.) to make less in amount, degree, etc.; to subside, become less; to nullify; to deduct, omit

Solve for m: −17 = 3m + 1

-6

How many millimeters are in 0.5 m?

1 meter = 1000 millimeters (mm) 0.5/1000= 500 millimeters (mm)

Jennifer's pencil was initially 10 centimeters long. After she sharpened it, it was 9.6 centimeters long. How many millimeters did she lose from her pencil by sharpening it?

1 cm= 10 mm 10 cm - 9.6 cm = 0.4 cm lost 0.4 cm = 10 x 0.4 mm = 4 mm were lost

A spool of wire holds 144 in. of wire. If Mario has 3 spools, how many feet of wire does he have?

1 feet= 12 inches 144/12= 12 12x3= 36 ft

A pitcher can hold 24 cups. How many gallons can it hold?

1 gallon= 16 cups 24/16= 1.5 gallons

A lead ball weighs 38 g. How many kilograms does it weigh?

1 kg = 1000 g 38/1000 = 0.038 kg

How many cubic centimeters are in 10 L?

1 litter = 1000 milliliters 10 litters = 1000 ml x 10 10 L = 10,000.00 ml or (cm)3

A prescription reads: "Take 15 milliliters of medication 2 times a day." If the bottle of medicine contains 354 milliliters, how many days will the medication last? (Round to the nearest whole number.)

12 days

How many ounces are in a pound? (Enter numeric value only.)

16

If parent cell X has 16 chromosomes and undergoes mitosis, the resulting cells will have how many chromosomes? a) 16 b) 32 c) 8 d) 64

16 When a parent cell undergoes mitosis, the resulting daughter cells receive an identical number of chromosomes as the parent.

Dosing instructions for ibuprofen suspension call for 5 milligrams (mg) per kilogram of body weight for a single dose. If a child weighs 22 pounds and the concentration of the suspension is 100 mg/5 milliliters (mL), how many mL should the child receive per dose? (1 kilogram = 2.2 pounds). (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is necessary, round to the nearest tenth.)

2.5

Which type of skin glands are the glands of skin that produce a thin, watery secretion? 1. Sebaceous glands 2. Eccrine glands 3. Apocrine glands 4. Endocrine glands

2.Eccrine glands

A patient is placed on oral steroids with instructions to taper the dose over a 3-week period. The patient is to take 50 mg/day during week 1. The dose is to be reduced by 20% for week 2. In week 3, the dosage from week 2 is to be reduced by 50%. What is the correct dosage per day for week 3 (in mg)?

20

A patient is on a fluid restricted diet with a limit of 1.6 liters per day. The patient's breakfast consisted of a 300-milliliter cup of coffee and a piece of fruit equal to 100 milliliters of fluid. What percent of the patient's daily fluid limit was consumed during breakfast? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is necessary, round to the nearest whole percent.)

25

The urethra in female reproductive organs is approximately how long? a) 2 cm b) 3.8 cm c) 5 cm d) 6.3 cm

3.8 cm

What is the sum of four squared and three cubed?

43 (4 squared) + (3 cubed) (4x4)+(3x9)=43

A pediatrician prescribes amoxicillin for a 3-month-old patient. The recommended dose is 20 mg/kg/day divided into two doses per day. If the patient weighs 13.2 pounds, what is the correct number of milligrams per dose?

60

Divide: 12.4 ÷ 1.6 = (If rounding is necessary, round to the nearest hundredth.)

7.75

If two parents are heterozygous for the same trait, what is the probability that the dominant trait will be expressed in the offspring?

75%

Which generic equation is an example of a synthesis reaction?

A + B → AB

Friction

A force that opposes motion and is expressed in newtons.

binary fission

A form of asexual reproduction in which one cell divides to form two identical cells.

Decomposition

A chemical reaction often described as the opposite of synthesis because it is the breaking of a compound into its component parts.

Collective noun

A collective noun is a noun that represents a group of persons, animals, or things (e.g., family, flock, furniture).

acid

A compound that is a hydrogen or proton donor. It is corrosive to metals, changes blue litmus paper to red, and becomes less acidic when mixed with bases.

vascular cambium

A cylinder of meristematic tissue in woody plants that adds layers of secondary vascular tissue called secondary xylem (wood) and secondary phloem.

Dependent clause:

A dependent clause begins with a subordinating conjunction and does not express a complete thought and therefore cannot stand alone as a sentence.

clause

A group of words that has a subject and a predicate.

Expression

A mathematic sentence containing constants and variables (e.g., 3x - 2).

Euphemism

A mild, indirect, or vague term that has been substituted for one that is considered harsh, blunt, or offensive.

Exponent

A number or symbol placed above and after another number or symbol (a superscript or subscript), indicating the number of times to multiply.

Constant

A number that cannot change.

Factor

A number that divides evenly into another number.

Force

A push or pull on an object.

double replacement

A reaction that involves two ionic compounds. The positive ion from one compound combines with the negative ion of the other compound. The result is two new ionic compounds that have "switched partners."

Compound sentence:

A sentence that has two or more independent clauses. Each independent clause has a subject and a predicate and can stand alone as a sentence.

Electron

A structure in an atom that is at the outermost part of the atom and has a negative charge. Electrons orbit the nucleus at fantastic speeds, forming electron clouds.

Fahrenheit

A temperature-measuring system used only in the United States, its territories, Belize, and Jamaica; abbreviated F. It is rarely used for any scientific measurements except for body temperature. It has these characteristics: zero degrees (0°) is the freezing point of sea water or heavy brine at sea level; 32° F is the freezing point of pure water at sea level; 212° F is the boiling point of pure water at sea level; most people have a body temperature of 98.6° F.

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA):

A unique molecule specific to a particular organism; it contains the genetic code that is necessary for replication

Conjunction

A word that joins words, phrases, or clauses.

adverb

A word, phrase, or clause that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb

audible

Able to be heard. (EX: The respiratory therapist noted the patient's audible wheezing as a symptom of the patient's asthma.)

Conpromise

An accommodation in which both sides make concessions

Cliché

An expression or idea that has lost its originality or impact over time because of excessive use.

Imperative

An imperative sentence makes a command or request (example: Go to the store)

Bias

An unfair preference for or dislike of something

Glycolysis

Anaerobic breakdown of glucose; first stage in cell respiration.

Digit

Any number from 0 through 9 (e.g., the number 7 is a digit).

Which of the following would have the longest bond length? a) H2 b) F2 c) Cl2 d) I2

Atomic radius increases down the periodic table. Because iodine has such a large atomic radius, the iodine atoms of I2 would be the farthest away from each other.

atomic mass - atomic number

Atomic weight, also called relative atomic mass, is the weighted arithmetic mean of the relative isotopic mass of all the isotopes of a particular element depending on the abundance of each of those isotopes.

atomic weight

Average of the mass numbers of all isotopes

hemopoiesis (hematopoiesis)

Blood cell formation.

appendicular skeleton

Bones of the limbs and limb girdles that are attached to the axial skeleton

chemical equation

Combination of elements or compounds called reactants responding to create a product or end result. Equations are expressed in the following ways: Reactants ->Products Reactants <- Products Reactants <-> Products

Common noun:

Common noun: A common noun is the general, not the particular, name of a person, place, or thing (e.g., nurse, hospital, syringe).

Chromosomes

Compact, rod-shaped bodies located within the nucleus of a cell; contain DNA.

You are measuring the density of an unknown solid using a balance and a graduated cylinder (for water displacement). The data collected is shown below. Mass of unknown: 68.1 g Initial water volume: 20.0 mL Final water volume: 27.6 mL Based on this data, which one of the choices represents your unknown metal? a)Aluminum: 2.70 g/cm3 b) Tin: 7.31 g/cm3 c) Iron: 7.86 g/cm3 d) Copper: 8.92 g/cm3

D = m/V = 68.1 g/(27.6 mL - 20.0 mL) = 68.1 g/7.6 mL = 8.96, which is within the range of experimental error to 8.92. Remember, 1 mL = 1 cm3.

Which of the following elements has the highest electron affinity? a) Ne b) F c) O d) N

Electron affinity is a measure of how much an atom wants to accept an electron. Electron affinity increases across the periodic table, except for the noble gases.

Groups

Elements that are placed together in columns in the periodic table.

E=mc^2

Energy equals mass times the speed of light squared

Deep

Further into the body.

How does a change in the reaction temperature increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Increasing the temperature increases the kinetic energy of the reactants.

The process of breathing, or respiration, is controlled by the which part of the brain? a) Amygdala b) Broca's area c) Cerebellum d) Medulla oblongata

Medulla oblongata The process of breathing, or respiration, is controlled by the medulla oblongata. The amygdala (choice A) is responsible for emotional learning and behavior, Boca's area (choice B) is essential for language production and the cerebellum (choice C) is responsible for physical movement and vision.

What is the name of the "resting" phase of a cell?

Interphase

Which of the following describes an acid?

It donates protons.

Which of the following correctly describes the function of the phospholipid membrane?

It forms a semipermeable membrane that protects the cell while allowing certain molecules to pass in and out of the cell.

capacious

Large in size or capacity

phloem

Living vascular tissue that carries sugar and organic substances throughout a plant

Which statement is correct regarding prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Only prokaryotic cells reproduce through binary fission.

Cerebrum

Part of the brain associated with sensory interpretation, movement, thinking, and personality.

Brainstem

Part of the brain that is continuous with the spinal cord. -controls many vital functions such as respiratory and heart rate.

Epidermis

Superficial layer of skin that made of dead, keratinized epithelial cells.

How many mg of lidocaine are needed to prepare 25 mL of a 1% lidocaine solution? a)0.25 mg b)5 mg c)50 mg d)250 mg

The 1% solution is a w/v so 1 gram in 100 mL. To calculate how many mg of lidocaine are needed for 25 mL of the 1% solution, set up a ratio proportion: The 1% solution is a w/v so 1 gram in 100 mL. To calculate how many mg of lidocaine are needed for 25 mL of the 1% solution, set up a ratio proportion: 1gram/100mL= x gram/25mL Then solve for x: 25/100=.25grams Convert the grams to mg: 0.25 g × 1,000 = 250 mg.

Bronsted-Lowry and Lewis definition

The Bronsted (or Bronsted-Lowry) definition: an acid is a proton (H+ ion) donor, and a base is a proton acceptor; The Lewis definition: an acid is an electron acceptor, and a base is an electron donor.

centripetal acceleration

The acceleration that occurs in circular motion

atomic mass

The atomic mass of an element is the average mass of the atoms of an element measured in atomic mass unit (amu, also known as daltons, D)

Amylase

an enzyme that beings digestion of complex carbohydrates -secreted by salivary glands and pancreas.

cell

The basic unit of life and the building block of tissues and organs

Denominator

The bottom number in a fraction.

Compound

The combination of two or more elements or atoms.

mesophyll

The ground tissue of a leaf, sandwiched between the upper and lower epidermis and specialized for photosynthesis.

electron cloud

The group of electrons revolving around the nucleus of an atom; a cloudlike group of electrons.

Context clue

The information provided in the words or sentences surrounding an unknown word or words.

Faction Bar

The line between the numerator and denominator. The bar is another symbol for division.

Dividend

The number being divided.

Cerebellum

The part of the brain responsible for muscular coordination and balance

Diencephalon

The part of the brain that contains the thalamus which routes incoming sensory information to the appropriate part of the cerebrum, and the hypothalamus which monitors many of the conditions of the body, controls the autonomic nervous system, and interacts with the endocrine system.

direct object

The person or thing that is directly affected by the action of the verb.

Cytology

The study of cells.

Histology

The study of tissues.

What determines the oxidation state of a molecule?

The sum of its charges

Which is the definition of mass number?

The sum of protons and neutrons of an atom

anatomical position

To stand erect with arms at the sides and palms of the hands turned forward

Ambulate

To walk. (EX: The patient left the hospital as soon as he was able to ambulate independently.)

collaborate

To work together on a project; cooperate in an effort

Heterozygous

Trait in an organism that contains different alleles.

Homozygous

Trait in an organism that contains identical alleles. Imperative: An imperative sentence makes a command

Covalent bond

Two atoms share electrons, generally in pairs, one from each atom.

Common denominator

Two or more fractions having the same denominator.

ambivalent

Uncertain, having contradictory feelings. (EX: After learning that she had breast cancer, the patient was ambivalent about having a mastectomy.)

assiduous

Very careful and hard-working

adjective

Word, phrase, or clause that modifies a noun (the biology book) or pronoun (He is nice)

Anterior

toward the front

A biopsy is typically used to detect the presence of a) cancer. b) sugar. c) ketones. d) cholesterol.

a

A boxer who is punched in the lower jaw may have fractured their a) mandible. b) concha. c) vomer d) palatine

a

A genetic counsellor creates a pedigree analysis for a couple to determine the couple's chances of giving birth to a child with cystic fibrosis (CF), which is a recessive disorder. If the counsellor finds that neither the woman's grandmother nor her grandfather had the disorder but one of their children did, which of the following conclusions can the counsellor make? a) The grandparents were both carriers of the CF gene. b) The grandmother only was a carrier of the CF gene. c) The woman has two copies of the CF gene. d) The grandfather only was a carrier of the CF gene.

a

If every cell in a patient's body has undergone the same genetic change, it is most likely that a) they acquired this change from one of their parents. b) they were exposed to mutagenic agents. c) their mother was the only source of the mutant gene. d) All the above are true.

a

The autonomic nervous system maintains balance in the __________ functions of the body and allows the body to react in times of emergency. a) involuntary b) voluntary c) adrenal d) autonomic

a

The stage of mitotic cell division during which the DNA of the cell is replicated is a) interphase b) prophase c) metaphased d) anaphase

a

Which of the following describes the main difference between meiosis and mitosis? a) Meiosis results in daughter cells that are haploid. b) Mitosis is composed of more phases. c) Meiosis produces fewer daughter cells. d) Mitosis results in daughter cells that are haploid.

a

panacea

a cure-all; a remedy for all diseases

base

a hydrogen or proton acceptor and generally has a hydroxide (OH) group. -it can also be called Alkaline compounds. -it denature proteins -changes Red litmus paper blue -it becomes less basic when mixed with acids

Cast

a molded protective device used to support broken bones

Contraindication

a reason something is not advisable or should not be done

Combustion

a self sustaining exothermic chemical reaction usually initiated by HEAT acting on OXYGEN and a fuel compound such as hydrocarbons

exclamatory sentence

a sentence expressing strong feeling, usually punctuated with an exclamation mark

anecdote

a short story or account of an event

adversity

a state of burden or hardship

Deoxyribose

a sugar used in the formation of DNA

antonym

a word that means the opposite of another word. e.g good and bad;

alleles

alternative versions of a gene

brusque

attitude of shortness or rudeness; gruff

compassion

awareness and sympathy for the suffering of another

All the following are true about connective tissue EXCEPT it: a) Contains large amount of intercellular substance b) Is ectodermal in origin c) Contains many cells widely separated d) Is penetrated by blood vessels

b

Hydra, corals, jellyfish, and sea anemones belong to which phylum? a) Phylum Mollusca b) Phylum Cnidaria c) Phylum Chordata d) None of these

b

Most of the oxygen carried by the blood a) is dissolved in the plasma. b) is bound to hemoglobin molecules. c) is present as tiny bubbles in the blood. d) is part of sugar molecules.

b

Seatbelts were designed to keep people safer in a car accident, reducing the number of injuries to the __________ bone of the skull. a) palatine b) frontal c) temporal d) ethmoid

b

The SVC collects blood from the __________ half of the body and the inferior vena cava collects blood from the __________ half of the body. a) lower, upper b) upper, lower c) left, upper d) right, upper

b

The function of ATP in voluntary muscle movement is to supply the energy for a) myosin to bind to actin. b) myosin to become separated from actin. c) tropomyosin to bind to troponin. d) tropomyosin to become separated from troponin.

b

Which of the following is not a daily hazard found in our society? a) Excessive alcohol intake b) Fast driving c) Overeating d) Groundwater pollution

b

Which of the following is responsible for transporting food (mainly sugars) made during photosynthesis throughout the plant body? a) xylem b) phloem c) vascular cambium d) mesophyll

b

Which of the following is the smooth, dense, irregular connective tissue that is continuous with the outer coat of the ureter? a) Adipose capsule b) Renal capsule c) Renal hilum d) Renal cortex

b

Which of the following sexually transmitted infections presents with greenish yellow discharge? a) Syphilis b) Gonorrhea c) Herpes d) HPV

b

Which of the following words mean "proximal"? a) below b) nearest c) epi- d) side

b

Which of the following methods is best for separating two solid samples? a) Fractional distillation b) Chromatography c) Distillation d) Filtration

b) Chromatography Chromatography is useful for separating solids from each other, where each solid is dissolved in a solvent. Fractional distillation, distillation, and extraction, are useful for separating liquids. Filtration is useful for separating solids from liquids.

The principal place in the human ear where sound waves are amplified is a) the ear canal. b) the spiral organ of Corti. c) the middle ear. d) the sclera.

c

The products of the light reactions, or photophosphorylation, in photosynthesis are a) oxygen and water. b) oxygen and ATP. c) oxygen, ATP, and NADPH. d) water, ATP, and NADPH.

c

A patient weighs 82 pounds and has an order for a medication to take 4 mg/kg daily. The medication is available in several different strengths. Which of the following would be closest for the patient's dose? a)75 mg tablet b)150 mg tablet c)300 mg tablet d)500 mg tablet

b)150 The weight must first be converted from pounds into kilograms. 82.2/2.2=37.3kg Next, multiply the per day dose by the total kg. 4 mg × 37.3 kg = 149.2 mg. The dose is then rounded to the closest package size, which would be 150 mg.

A credit card company charges a 4% balance transfer fee. If you want to transfer a balance of $2,100 to this credit card, what fee would you pay? a)$840 b)$84 c)$40 d)$400

b)84 4% of $2,100 is 0.04($2,100) = $84.

brazen

bold or unrestrained by normal standards

bilateral

both sides

concise

brief and to the point

apply

bring into physical contact; lay on; bring into operation

A cell membrane that lacked carbohydrate strands extending from it would a) not be able to keep organelles in the cell. b) lose energy. c) have trouble recognizing molecules on the outside of the cell. d) dehydrate.

c

A nucleotide is composed of molecules arranged in the following order: a) three amino acids covalently bonded in a series. b) three fatty acids individually bonded to three different places on glycerol. c) a base bonded to a sugar bonded to a phosphate. d) mRNA bonded to tRNA bonded to an amino acid.

c

A scientist hypothesized that certain kinds of foods would help travelers avoid jet lag. She fed Group A a high-protein diet and Group B a high-carbohydrate diet before a flight to Europe. She tested both groups 24 hours later for signs of jet lag. What is the most important element missing from this experimental design? a) The scientist's observations are not included. b) The scientist did not consider the age of the subjects. c) The scientist did not include a control group. d) There was no mention of the number of time zones involved.

c

After exercising at an increased rate, your muscles become sore. Which statement best describes what's happening in muscle cells? a) The muscle cells have shifted into metabolism, and you are making lactic acid that causes them to ache. b) You are producing lactic acid. Once you slow down, it will make its way back to your liver, where it will be converted into glucose. c) You need to get more O2 to your muscle cells. d) All of these answers are true.

c

If a man with a recessive X-linked trait and a female carrier reproduce, which of the following statements is true? a) All male offspring will be carriers of the recessive gene. b) All male offspring will be homozygous for the recessive gene. c) There is a 50 percent chance that male offspring will exhibit the trait. d) There is no chance that female offspring will exhibit the trait.

c

Physical traits such as eye color and hair color are determined by an individual's genetic information. Genetic information is carried in which part of the DNA molecule? a) Deoxyribose sugars b) Hydrogen bonds c) Nucleotide sequence d) Sugar-phosphate backbone

c

Spiders, crabs, millipedes, and insects belong to which phylum? a) Phylum Annelida b) Phylum Mollusca c) Phylum Echinodermata d) None of these

c

The end product of glycolysis is a) ketone. b) alcohol. c) pyruvic acid. d) lactic acid.

c

The limiting reactant in a reaction: a) has the lowest coefficient in a balanced equation. b) is the reactant for which you have the fewest number of moles. c) has the lowest ratio of moles available/coefficient in the balanced equation. d) has the lowest ratio of coefficient in the balanced equation/moles available.

c) has the lowest ratio of moles available/coefficient in the balanced equation. Neither the coefficient, nor the number of moles available is sufficient to determine whether the element is the limiting reagent in a reaction since it does not indicate anything about the amounts of the other substances present. This ratio allows you to see the relationship between the amount that is needed in the reaction to the amount that is available to react. If this ratio is too low, it indicates that there is an insufficient quantity to react - making the element the limiting reagent.

Connective tissue and fat is (a) a) sebaceous gland. b) hair root. c) subcutaneous tissue. d) sudoriferous gland.

c) subcutaneous tissue. Connective tissue and fat is subcutaneous tissue. A sebaceous gland (choice A) is a small gland in the skin that secretes sebum into the hair follicles to lubricate the skin and hair, a hair root (choice B) is embedded in the hair follicle, and the sudoriferous gland (choice D) produces sweat.

Which of the following exists as a liquid in its elemental form? a)Na b)Zn c)Hg d)N

c)Hg Mercury is the only metal that exists as a liquid in its elemental form. Sodium and zinc are typically solids, while nitrogen and helium typically exist in gaseous forms.

Which of the following types of reactions is CH3CH2OH + O2? a)acid-base reaction b)nuclear reaction c)combustion reaction d)precipitation reaction

c)combustion reaction A hydrocarbon burning in oxygen is a combustion reaction. The products are always CO2 and H2O.

emetic

causing vomiting, (induce vomiting)

affect

change or influence

abrupt

changing or terminating suddenly

Cease

come to an end or bring to an end.

Which of the following is true concerning the molecule BF3? a) It is trigonal-pyramidal. b) It can behave as a Lewis base. c) It is amphoteric. d) It can behave as a Lewis acid.

d) It can behave as a Lewis acid. Lewis acids accept electrons, as is the case when NH3 reacts with BF3. BF3 has a trigonal planar geometry. BF3 cannot behave as a Lewis base because it has no electrons to donate. Amphoteric substances can behave as either an acid or a base. A zwitterion has both positive and negative charges, which is not possible for BF3.

Which of the following refers to the chemical energy found in cells as they process food? a) Enzymatic b) Procephalic c) Microencephaly d) Metabolic

d) Metabolic Metabolic refers to the chemical energy found in cells as they process food. Enzymatic (choice A) involves a substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction, procephalic (choice B) relates to the location on or near the front of the head, and microencephaly (choice C) is a medical condition in which the circumference of the head is smaller than normal because the brain has not developed properly or has stopped growing.

Radioactive atoms emit alpha, beta, and gamma rays. All the following are properties of alpha rays EXCEPT: a) They contain two neutrons. b) They are fairly large in size. c) They often become helium. d) They can penetrate clothing.

d) They can penetrate clothing. Alpha particles are composed of two protons and two neutrons and, therefore, have a charge of +2. They can pick up electrons fairly easily and change into helium, are relatively large, and usually can't penetrate materials such as paper or clothing (beta and gamma rays can).

A muscle that is torn is called a a) sprain. b) subcutaneous tear. c) rupture. d) strain.

d) strain.

Solve for x: -2x - 6 > 24. a) x > -9 b) x > -15 c) x < -9 d) x < -15

d) x < -15 To solve the inequality, isolate x by adding 6 to both sides, and then dividing both sides by negative 2. When dividing by a negative number, reverse the sign of the inequality to get the correct answer: -2x-6>24 -2x>30 x<-15 Choice A is the result of subtracting 6 from both sides and then not reversing the inequality. Choice B is the result of not reversing the inequality sign when dividing both sides by negative 2. Choice C is the result of subtracting 6 from both sides instead of adding.

Fe(s) + H2O(l) → Fe3O4(s) + 4H2(g) When this unbalanced equation above is completely balanced using the smallest whole numbers, what is the sum of the coefficients? a)8 b)9 c)10 d)12

d)12 The balanced chemical equation is: 3Fe(s) + 4H2O(l) → Fe3O4(s) + 4H2(g) Summing the coefficients totals 12. (Remember the assumed "1" in front of Fe3O4.)

Baxter needed to replenish his supply of bottled water. The water dispenser in his kitchen holds 14 gallons of water. Baxter buys his water one half-gallon at a time at his local grocery store. How many half-gallon water purchases will Baxter need to make to fill his water dispenser? a)7 b)14 c)21 d)28

d)28 Baxter needs two half-gallons for each gallon, or 2 × 14 = 28.

If 5x + 3y = 29 and x - y = 1, then x equals: a)1 b)2 c)3 d)4

d)4

Consistency

degree of viscosity; how thick or thin a fluid is in relation to how it flows

elated

delighted

contingent

dependent

declarative

makes a statement

Compensatory

making up for; offsetting; paying for

access

means of approach or admission

qualms

misgivings

Phylum Mollusca

one of the largest phyla composed of many diverse organisms; all have a soft body; body structure composed of three parts; body symmetry: bilaterarl eg. octopus, snails, oysters

Chronology

order of events as they occurred; timeline

autonomic nervous system

the division of the peripheral nervous system which controls functions such as digestion, force and the rate of heart contraction, blood pressure, and diameter. the two division of autonomic nervous system are the parasympathetic (rest and digest) and the sympathetic (fight or flight)

atomic number

the number of protons in the nucleus, and it defines and atom of a particular element

Acceleration

the rate of in velocity over a period of time. a=v/t

Biochemistry

the study of chemical processes in living organisms

abbreviate

to shorten or abridge