HHP Final Exam

Kraus-Weber Minimal Muscular Fitness Test

58% of U.S. youth failed one or more items; 9% of European youth failed one or more items; (tested primarily flexibility)

what was Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972

"No person shall on the basis of sex, be "No person shall on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, be treated differently from the benefits of, be treated differently from another person or otherwise be another person or otherwise be discriminated against in any discriminated against in any interscholastic, intercollegiate, club or interscholastic, intercollegiate, club or intramural athletics offered by a recipient, intramural athletics offered by a recipient, or no recipient shall provide athletics or no recipient shall provide athletics separately on such basis."separately on such basis."

Title IX Final Policy Interpretations of 1979

-Financial assistance (scholarships) must be available on a substantially proportional basis -Program areas so that males and females receive equivalent treatment, benefits, and opportunities, such as equipment and supplies and practice and competitive facilities -Interests and abilities of male and female students are equally effectively accommodated

which organization in the US historically dominated the US Olympic Committee through its control of international competition in several sports

Amateur Athletic Union

members of this association facilitate research associated with physical activity, athletic training, and exercise physiology

American college of sports medicine

members of this association certify aerobics instructors and personal trainers

American council on exercise

where were upper-class athenian boys educated during the early era of time

Both A and D -Didascaleum (music school) -Palaestra (wresting school)

Which European nation influenced amateur sports worldwide

England

recreation movement

Expanded leisure-time pursuits to all ages with decade-long popularity of industrial recreation, outdoor activities, lifetime sports, and fitness activities

Muscular strength and muscular endurance mean the same thing

False

There is no positive relationship between work productivity and level of physical fitness

False

daily physical education is currently required for all students in public and private schools

False

individuals with chronic medical conditions should avoid physical activity

False

physical activity must be vigorous, defined as exercising above the target heart rate to be beneficial

False

physical activity, while beneficial, does not reduce the risk of hypertension, colon cancer and diabetes

False

Which of the following was NOT a sport competed by Homeric Greeks

Pancratium

who was the founder of swedish gymnastics and the director the Royal Gymnastics Central Instutute

Per Henrick Ling

individuals in this exercise and sport science use both descriptive and interpretive research

SPORT HISTORY

Funding for recreational programs and sport clubs

State appropriations (within physical education)•Student fees

exodus 14:14

The Lord will fight for you. You just keep still.

Who published the New Physical Education

Thomas wood and rosalind Cassidy

Lack of motivation, time, money, physical skills, and knowledge prohibit many people's participation in physical activities

True

The surgeon general's report on physical activity and health recommends that people of all ages, both male and female, should participate in moderate amount (min 30 mins) of physical activity on most, if not all, days of the week in order to enjoy the associated health benefits

True

a benefit of physical activity is controlling blood pressure

True

many of the beneficial affects of exercise training from both endurance and resistance activities diminish within two weeks if physical activity is substantially reduced, and benefits disappear within two-eight months if physical activity is not resumed

True

obesity is a major health problem for children and adults in the US

True

wellness includes the emotional, mental, physical, social, and spiritual factors that lead to overall state of well-being, quality of life, and ability to contribute to society

True

what is the principle of training that is defined changing equipment, exercises, and activities to avoid boredom, reduce risk of overuse injuries and increase motivation of adherence

Variety

what is the formal body of knowledge discovered, developed, and disseminated through scholarly research and inquiry

academic discipline

what are at least three benefits of joining a professional organization

access to journals, discounts on certification exams, access information of new research and techniques

_____________ is for exceptional students who are so different in mental, students who are so different in mental, physical, emotional, or behavioral physical, emotional, or behavioral characteristics that in the interest of quality of characteristics that in the interest of quality of educational opportunity, special provisions educational opportunity, special provisions must be made for their proper education.

adapted physical education

expecting students to demonstrate good sportsmanship during class activities is an example of which type of physical education objective

affective

which of the following is not related to skill-related physical fitness

agility, balance, coordination, reaction time (all of the above)

what are three examples of skill-related physical and what does each mean

agility: the ability to change directions quickly and accurately balance: the ability to be in equilibrium during movement and when stationary speed: the ability to quickly move

which of the following could be used as a rationalization or justification for behaving unethically

all of the above

which of these items should not be included in a personal philosophy in a professional portfolio

all of the above -academic honors received -description of your personal values -professional certifications earned -work experiences

which of the following would not be considered an ethical principle

all of the above are ethical principles

which of the following responsibilities is an athletic trainer NOT expected to complete

an athletic trainer could be expected to fill all of these responsibilities

what was a primary reason why playgrounds were established in cities in the 1800s

assimilation and social control of children

what was catherine beeches' physical activity program that was described as a course of exercises designed to promote health, beauty, and strength

calisthenics

Established the four phases of the educational process — organic education, psychomotor education, character education, and intellectual education; emphasized play for children

clark hetherington

which of the objectives for physical education, exercise science, and sport includes the evaluation, application, synthesis, analysis, comprehension, and acquisition of knowledge

cognitive

play ground movement- how it progressed

colonial amusements- protestant work ethic First playground in urban setting: 1880s- Boston- sand boxes 1890's- green spaces for the upperclasses 1894- Jane Addams Hull House

what series of activities engaged in by the knights led to the influence of the Greek culture on Europe (led to the Renaissance)

crusades

who developed the apparatus or machines used at Harvard in individualized programs for the physical development of students

dudley sargent

which president established the President's Council on Youth Fitness as an outgrowth of the President's Conference on Physical Fitness

eisenhower

what was the nation whose physical program for upper-class boys was characterized by the concept of "playing the game for the game's sake"

england

which of these following is a benefit of flexibility

enhances circulation of the blood and healing of muscular injuries and improves range of motion of joints

what was the purpose of the chariot races and gladiatorial contests during the roman empire

entertain the people

monitoring of oxygen uptake and exhalation of CO2 measuring heart rate and function, and analyzing the chemical activities of the body during exercise are examples of research in this exercise and sport science

exercise physiology

which of the exercise and sport sciences is the study of the causes and consequences of bodily functioning and changes occurring due to physical activity

exercise physiology

a twentieth century philosophy that centers on individual existence and advocates that truth and values are arrived at by each person's experiences

existentialism

Calisthetics is a progressive, precise execution of movements on command for 11 body parts

false

Dudley Sargent called the initial meeting that led to the establishment of the Association for the Advancement of Physical Education

false

The national collegiate athletic association was established to check the evils of professionalism and promote amateur sports

false

a sport manager may use computer enhanced images to analyze and improve the performance of sport skills

false

a sport philosopher studies the optimal frequency, intensity, and duration of an effective conditioning program

false

college women in the US initially established, funded, coached, and promoted sport competitions between colleges

false

during the middle ages, females trained physically so they could bear healthy children

false

greek athletes took great pride in setting records in sports

false

lacrosse, footraces, bowling, and baseball were among the popular sporting pastimes of early residents of the colony that became Virginia

false

men in the elite athletic clubs established in the US in the mid to late 1800s competed most often in the sport of football

false

moral knowing is the most important step in the moral reasoning process

false

motor development applies only to learning of motor skills by children

false

naturalism was the initial theme of educational gymnastics programs in Germany as developed by Adolph Spiess

false

naturalism was the program theme shared by Friedrich Jahn, Per Henrik Ling, and Franz Nachtegall

false

practitioners are only interested in the application of knowledge, while disciplinarians are only interested in the creation of new knowledge

false

school physical education programs are financed well and a priority in schools because of their unique contributions to the education of the whole child

false

school teachers who also coach are paid approximately half of their salaries for teaching and half of their salaries for coaching

false

specialists in nutrition promote scientific inquiry and the application of research findings to the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases and specific medical conditions

false

sport historians study sportsmanship and other aspects of ethical behavior in sports

false

the Amatuer Athletics Union helped spread the sports of basketball and volleyball nationally and internationally

false

the Olympic games were ended by the romans around 400 AD because the Romans did not want to lose to the Greeks in these athletic contests

false

the greatest challenge facing a personal trainer is designing a safe and effective program

false

the longer athletes participate in sport, the higher their moral reasoning because they are learning how to flair and be good sports

false

the moral reasoning for interscholastic athletes is more consistent, impartial, and reflective than is that of non athletes

false

the outcome of the "battle of Systems" was that Sargent's system became the most popular system in this country in the 1900s

false

the two schools attended by Spartan boys were the wrestling school and the music school

false

utilitarianism states that moral duties are prescriptive and independent of consequences

false

what was the results of the "battle of the systems"

five different programs came together to showcase their program and then went back home and continued their own program practices

in designing and implementing a fitness program what are the four most important principles to implement

frequency, intensity, time, and type

what is often associated with sports played by native americans

gambling

in which european nation did school gymnastics begin with these characteristics: exercise hall required, trained instructors, one class period per day, grades given, adapted to age levels, and for boys and girls

germany

what is a combat between armed knights who divided into teams and fought under conditions similar to war

grand tourney or melee

what is the unity of the man of action and the man of wisdom

greek ideal

what was the place for physical training for Athenian citizens

gymnasium

which of the following institutions offered teachers an outstanding advanced curriculum and faculty, making a certificate from it highly prestigious

harvard summer school

what was the purpose of the original Olympic Games

honor zeus

which of the following is not a research-proven benefit of physical activity

increased eye-hand coordination

Advocated for recreation and lifetime sports as a part of total life experiences for all ages

jay nash

which president changed name to the President's Council on Physical Fitness

kennedy

what system emphasized movements using hand-held apparatus, such as dumbbells and indian clubs

light gymnastics

who was the precursor to interscholastic sports)

luther gulick

what are the three steps in the moral reasoning process

moral knowing, moral valuing, moral acting

which of the exercise and sport sciences would include research into developmentally appropriate physical education for all ages

motor development

what is the difference between motor development and motor learning?

motor development is the development of motor skills naturally through genetics, whereas, motor learning is the enhancement of these developed motor skills through practice and repition

researchers in this exercise and sport science study information processing, types of feedback, and methods of practice

motor learning

Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women offered

national championships for female students

members of this association oversee interscholastic sports

national federation of state high school associations

members of this association offer recreation programs for the general public

national intramural recreational sports association

what was the purpose or theme of Friedrich Jahn's system of Turner gymnastics

nationalism

what was the theme of the gymnastics program at the Philanthropinum and Schnepfenthal Institute

naturalism

Jane Addams Hull House

one of several settlement houses where play opportunities were provided for immigrant children

which of the following was a characteristic of the funeral games of the homeric

only warriors competed

1910- four phases of the educational process

organic education psychomotor education character education intellectual education

which of the following describes the principle of training that is defined as placing increasing amounts of stress on the body to cause adaptations that improve fitness

overload

in which event in the ancient olympic games was the winner the symbol of the all-around athlete

pentathlon

what is the art and science of teaching and the study of theories and application of teaching methods

petagogy

what was the most important educational aspect

play

what term or phrase describes the influence of European religions on attitudes toward play in the US beginning in the colonial time and continuing until today

protestant work ethic

the philosophy based on the laws and order of the world as revealed by science independent from human experience

realism

What role did the government in Sparta play in the physical development of boys

required that boys train to become soldiers beginning at age 7 in the public barracks

when setting goals, goals should be

specific, measurable, attainable, rewarding, and timely (SMART)

specialists in this exercise and sport science examine achievement, motivation, arousal, attribution, and personality development

sport and exercise psychology

which of the exercise and sport sciences would include the study of causal attribution relative to the importance placed on ability, luck, effort, and task difficulty on the outcome of the sporting event

sport and exercise pyschology

specialists in this exercise and sport science study the mechanical principles of force application and absorption, leverage, and stability

sport biomechanics

which of the exercise and sport sciences would include the study of sport marketing, sport finance, and legal aspects of sport

sport management

a person in this exercise and sport science would study sportsmanship and other aspects of ethical behavior in sports

sport philosophy

groups of students, faculty, and staff who get together to share a mutual interest in a particular sport or activity; European concept that spread to this country, clubs are self-organized, administered, funded, coached, and otherwise maintained

sports clubs

who was trained in archery, climbing, fencing, jousting, riding, swimming, wrestling, and courtly manners

squires

which of these is a manipulative skill?

striking

in which system of gymnastics did school children engage in the progressive, precise execution of movements on command

swedish

which type of program was taught at the boston normal school of gymnastics

swedish gymnastics

Luther Gulick helped establish

the Playground Association of America in 1906 and the Campfire Girls in 1910

Established physical education and health undergraduate programs at Stanford University and Teachers College of Columbia University; emphasized educational goals achieved through natural activities

thomas wood

who emphasized educational goals through natural activities- sports, games, dancing, aquatics

thomas wood

what was the founding purpose of the Amateur Athletic Union

to check the evils of professionalism and promote amateur sports

what is the purpose of physical education, exercise science, and sports programs

to inform and educate humans on how to live a healthy life and improve their health and well-being through physical activity

what is the purpose of a code of ethics

to provide professionals with an ethical standard for their actions

what was the reason for the establishment of the National Collegiate Athletic Association

to reduce or eliminate injuries and deaths in football

what was the one reason why german gymnastics did NOT become the basis for the system of physical education in the US

too much emphasis on strength development

Anthropometrics were used for various purposes and one of the major topics of shared interest among physical educators in the late 1800s

true

Dudley Sargent was a leader in anthropometrics, teacher training, and individualized physical education programs

true

Initially male college students promoted, financed, and controlled athletics — faculty and college administrators did not want to be involved (there were no standard rules or eligibility regulations)

true

Intercollegiate football helped popularize newspapers, while newspapers helped promote intercollegiate football

true

Required the development of an Individualized Education Program (IEP) for every child with special needs, including specifically for physical education

true

Sport was used as a means of social control and for the assimilation and socialization of immigrant youth into America

true

Swedish gymnastics emphasized posture correction through rigidly-held positions and movements on command

true

The Normal Institute for Physical Education, which was established by Dioclesian Lewis in 1861 in Boston, was the first teacher training school for physical education in the US

true

a motor learning specialist examines the relationship of movements to prior knowledge and skills transfer of learning types of practice sessions and feedback and knowledge of results

true

a student must have completed an entry level athletic training program accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education and pass the Board of Certification exam in order to become certified as an athletic trainer

true

allowing or disallowing an athlete to dispute an officials call is an ethical choice by the coach

true

an illustration of the popularity of athletics for the Greeks was the existence of numerous Pan-Hellenic festivals

true

applied sport psychology focuses on using an understanding psychological theories and techniques to help athletes improve their performances

true

art, music, and literature enjoy numerous synergies and relationships with the exercise and sport sciences

true

because of the significance of the ancient Olympic Games, competitors and spectators were guaranteed safe passage to and from Olympia if they were carrying a white truce flag

true

catherine beecher developed calisthenics for females to promote their health, beauty, and strength

true

claiming there is no rule against an unethical behavior no one will ever know about the unethical behavior or everyone else does the unethical behavior are rationalizations for trying to make this unethical behavior seem to be ethical

true

exercise physiologists investigate the biochemical reactions that supply muscles with energy

true

exercise scientists in clinical settings are committed to helping people of all ages learn more about the importance of physical activity to their health and well-being

true

fair play means playing within the letter and spirit of the rules

true

gambling was often associated with the sports of Native Americans

true

german gymnastics were first introduced in the US at Round Hill school

true

gymnasiums during the Late Athenian era of time became pleasure resorts and places for philosophical discussions instead of activity-filled centers; the only ones who trained there physically were professional athletes

true

health was a primary goal of Edward Hitchcock's program at Amherst College

true

in the early years, the olympic games were dominated by the Spartans

true

knowledge of results and feedback are associated with motor learning

true

maidens in ancient Greece during ancient times competed in the Heraean Games

true

motor learning specialists and sport psychologists are interested in studying how imaging may improve an athletes performance

true

physical therapists are governed by a code of ethics

true

physical therapy is the treatment of physical injury or dysfunction using therapeutic exercises and modalities with the goal of restoring normal function

true

physical therapy requires an understanding of the anatomical and physiological bases of human movement

true

principles are universal rules of conduct that identify what kinds of actions, intentions, and motives are valued

true

professional organizations publish journals to disseminate research findings and information that can enhance the learning of individuals in the field

true

settlement houses provided play opportunities for children, and especially immigrant children, in cities

true

skills developed by Greek warriors were used in athletic contests during the funeral games

true

societal attitudes toward women in the 1800s restricted their sport opportunities

true

some of the immigration of Germans to the US was a result of the banning of Turner gymnastics in Germany

true

swedish gymnastics were popular with females in the late 1800s and early 1900s

true

the NCAA was formed to 1906 to reform football to address rampant injuries and deaths

true

the Turner gymnastics movement promoted physical development for nationalistic goals

true

the best academic preparation for a student majoring in sport management includes management foundations, sport applications, and an internship or work experience within the field

true

the first step in the research process or scientific method is to ask a research question or state a problem that is measurable

true

the loser had to raise his hand to admit defeat in wrestling in the ancient Olympic games

true

the naturalistic believes that physical well-being can enhance a readiness to learn mental, moral, and social skills

true

the purpose of the 1889 Boston Conference on Physical Training was to promote Swedish gymnastics, but more importantly it provided exposure to the alternative physical education programs or gymnastics systems popular at the time

true

vaulting bucks, parallel bars, climbing ladders and ropes, balance beams, running track, and a wrestling ring were located at the turnplatz set up by Friedrich Jahn

true

winners in the ancient Olympic games often received statutes, odes in their honor, cash, and special privileges from their city-states, but only an olive wreath at Olympia

true

who was the most significant person in the formulation of the rules of american football

walter camp