HHP Final Exam
Kraus-Weber Minimal Muscular Fitness Test
58% of U.S. youth failed one or more items; 9% of European youth failed one or more items; (tested primarily flexibility)
what was Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
"No person shall on the basis of sex, be "No person shall on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, be treated differently from the benefits of, be treated differently from another person or otherwise be another person or otherwise be discriminated against in any discriminated against in any interscholastic, intercollegiate, club or interscholastic, intercollegiate, club or intramural athletics offered by a recipient, intramural athletics offered by a recipient, or no recipient shall provide athletics or no recipient shall provide athletics separately on such basis."separately on such basis."
Title IX Final Policy Interpretations of 1979
-Financial assistance (scholarships) must be available on a substantially proportional basis -Program areas so that males and females receive equivalent treatment, benefits, and opportunities, such as equipment and supplies and practice and competitive facilities -Interests and abilities of male and female students are equally effectively accommodated
which organization in the US historically dominated the US Olympic Committee through its control of international competition in several sports
Amateur Athletic Union
members of this association facilitate research associated with physical activity, athletic training, and exercise physiology
American college of sports medicine
members of this association certify aerobics instructors and personal trainers
American council on exercise
where were upper-class athenian boys educated during the early era of time
Both A and D -Didascaleum (music school) -Palaestra (wresting school)
Which European nation influenced amateur sports worldwide
England
recreation movement
Expanded leisure-time pursuits to all ages with decade-long popularity of industrial recreation, outdoor activities, lifetime sports, and fitness activities
Muscular strength and muscular endurance mean the same thing
False
There is no positive relationship between work productivity and level of physical fitness
False
daily physical education is currently required for all students in public and private schools
False
individuals with chronic medical conditions should avoid physical activity
False
physical activity must be vigorous, defined as exercising above the target heart rate to be beneficial
False
physical activity, while beneficial, does not reduce the risk of hypertension, colon cancer and diabetes
False
Which of the following was NOT a sport competed by Homeric Greeks
Pancratium
who was the founder of swedish gymnastics and the director the Royal Gymnastics Central Instutute
Per Henrick Ling
individuals in this exercise and sport science use both descriptive and interpretive research
SPORT HISTORY
Funding for recreational programs and sport clubs
State appropriations (within physical education)•Student fees
exodus 14:14
The Lord will fight for you. You just keep still.
Who published the New Physical Education
Thomas wood and rosalind Cassidy
Lack of motivation, time, money, physical skills, and knowledge prohibit many people's participation in physical activities
True
The surgeon general's report on physical activity and health recommends that people of all ages, both male and female, should participate in moderate amount (min 30 mins) of physical activity on most, if not all, days of the week in order to enjoy the associated health benefits
True
a benefit of physical activity is controlling blood pressure
True
many of the beneficial affects of exercise training from both endurance and resistance activities diminish within two weeks if physical activity is substantially reduced, and benefits disappear within two-eight months if physical activity is not resumed
True
obesity is a major health problem for children and adults in the US
True
wellness includes the emotional, mental, physical, social, and spiritual factors that lead to overall state of well-being, quality of life, and ability to contribute to society
True
what is the principle of training that is defined changing equipment, exercises, and activities to avoid boredom, reduce risk of overuse injuries and increase motivation of adherence
Variety
what is the formal body of knowledge discovered, developed, and disseminated through scholarly research and inquiry
academic discipline
what are at least three benefits of joining a professional organization
access to journals, discounts on certification exams, access information of new research and techniques
_____________ is for exceptional students who are so different in mental, students who are so different in mental, physical, emotional, or behavioral physical, emotional, or behavioral characteristics that in the interest of quality of characteristics that in the interest of quality of educational opportunity, special provisions educational opportunity, special provisions must be made for their proper education.
adapted physical education
expecting students to demonstrate good sportsmanship during class activities is an example of which type of physical education objective
affective
which of the following is not related to skill-related physical fitness
agility, balance, coordination, reaction time (all of the above)
what are three examples of skill-related physical and what does each mean
agility: the ability to change directions quickly and accurately balance: the ability to be in equilibrium during movement and when stationary speed: the ability to quickly move
which of the following could be used as a rationalization or justification for behaving unethically
all of the above
which of these items should not be included in a personal philosophy in a professional portfolio
all of the above -academic honors received -description of your personal values -professional certifications earned -work experiences
which of the following would not be considered an ethical principle
all of the above are ethical principles
which of the following responsibilities is an athletic trainer NOT expected to complete
an athletic trainer could be expected to fill all of these responsibilities
what was a primary reason why playgrounds were established in cities in the 1800s
assimilation and social control of children
what was catherine beeches' physical activity program that was described as a course of exercises designed to promote health, beauty, and strength
calisthenics
Established the four phases of the educational process — organic education, psychomotor education, character education, and intellectual education; emphasized play for children
clark hetherington
which of the objectives for physical education, exercise science, and sport includes the evaluation, application, synthesis, analysis, comprehension, and acquisition of knowledge
cognitive
play ground movement- how it progressed
colonial amusements- protestant work ethic First playground in urban setting: 1880s- Boston- sand boxes 1890's- green spaces for the upperclasses 1894- Jane Addams Hull House
what series of activities engaged in by the knights led to the influence of the Greek culture on Europe (led to the Renaissance)
crusades
who developed the apparatus or machines used at Harvard in individualized programs for the physical development of students
dudley sargent
which president established the President's Council on Youth Fitness as an outgrowth of the President's Conference on Physical Fitness
eisenhower
what was the nation whose physical program for upper-class boys was characterized by the concept of "playing the game for the game's sake"
england
which of these following is a benefit of flexibility
enhances circulation of the blood and healing of muscular injuries and improves range of motion of joints
what was the purpose of the chariot races and gladiatorial contests during the roman empire
entertain the people
monitoring of oxygen uptake and exhalation of CO2 measuring heart rate and function, and analyzing the chemical activities of the body during exercise are examples of research in this exercise and sport science
exercise physiology
which of the exercise and sport sciences is the study of the causes and consequences of bodily functioning and changes occurring due to physical activity
exercise physiology
a twentieth century philosophy that centers on individual existence and advocates that truth and values are arrived at by each person's experiences
existentialism
Calisthetics is a progressive, precise execution of movements on command for 11 body parts
false
Dudley Sargent called the initial meeting that led to the establishment of the Association for the Advancement of Physical Education
false
The national collegiate athletic association was established to check the evils of professionalism and promote amateur sports
false
a sport manager may use computer enhanced images to analyze and improve the performance of sport skills
false
a sport philosopher studies the optimal frequency, intensity, and duration of an effective conditioning program
false
college women in the US initially established, funded, coached, and promoted sport competitions between colleges
false
during the middle ages, females trained physically so they could bear healthy children
false
greek athletes took great pride in setting records in sports
false
lacrosse, footraces, bowling, and baseball were among the popular sporting pastimes of early residents of the colony that became Virginia
false
men in the elite athletic clubs established in the US in the mid to late 1800s competed most often in the sport of football
false
moral knowing is the most important step in the moral reasoning process
false
motor development applies only to learning of motor skills by children
false
naturalism was the initial theme of educational gymnastics programs in Germany as developed by Adolph Spiess
false
naturalism was the program theme shared by Friedrich Jahn, Per Henrik Ling, and Franz Nachtegall
false
practitioners are only interested in the application of knowledge, while disciplinarians are only interested in the creation of new knowledge
false
school physical education programs are financed well and a priority in schools because of their unique contributions to the education of the whole child
false
school teachers who also coach are paid approximately half of their salaries for teaching and half of their salaries for coaching
false
specialists in nutrition promote scientific inquiry and the application of research findings to the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases and specific medical conditions
false
sport historians study sportsmanship and other aspects of ethical behavior in sports
false
the Amatuer Athletics Union helped spread the sports of basketball and volleyball nationally and internationally
false
the Olympic games were ended by the romans around 400 AD because the Romans did not want to lose to the Greeks in these athletic contests
false
the greatest challenge facing a personal trainer is designing a safe and effective program
false
the longer athletes participate in sport, the higher their moral reasoning because they are learning how to flair and be good sports
false
the moral reasoning for interscholastic athletes is more consistent, impartial, and reflective than is that of non athletes
false
the outcome of the "battle of Systems" was that Sargent's system became the most popular system in this country in the 1900s
false
the two schools attended by Spartan boys were the wrestling school and the music school
false
utilitarianism states that moral duties are prescriptive and independent of consequences
false
what was the results of the "battle of the systems"
five different programs came together to showcase their program and then went back home and continued their own program practices
in designing and implementing a fitness program what are the four most important principles to implement
frequency, intensity, time, and type
what is often associated with sports played by native americans
gambling
in which european nation did school gymnastics begin with these characteristics: exercise hall required, trained instructors, one class period per day, grades given, adapted to age levels, and for boys and girls
germany
what is a combat between armed knights who divided into teams and fought under conditions similar to war
grand tourney or melee
what is the unity of the man of action and the man of wisdom
greek ideal
what was the place for physical training for Athenian citizens
gymnasium
which of the following institutions offered teachers an outstanding advanced curriculum and faculty, making a certificate from it highly prestigious
harvard summer school
what was the purpose of the original Olympic Games
honor zeus
which of the following is not a research-proven benefit of physical activity
increased eye-hand coordination
Advocated for recreation and lifetime sports as a part of total life experiences for all ages
jay nash
which president changed name to the President's Council on Physical Fitness
kennedy
what system emphasized movements using hand-held apparatus, such as dumbbells and indian clubs
light gymnastics
who was the precursor to interscholastic sports)
luther gulick
what are the three steps in the moral reasoning process
moral knowing, moral valuing, moral acting
which of the exercise and sport sciences would include research into developmentally appropriate physical education for all ages
motor development
what is the difference between motor development and motor learning?
motor development is the development of motor skills naturally through genetics, whereas, motor learning is the enhancement of these developed motor skills through practice and repition
researchers in this exercise and sport science study information processing, types of feedback, and methods of practice
motor learning
Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women offered
national championships for female students
members of this association oversee interscholastic sports
national federation of state high school associations
members of this association offer recreation programs for the general public
national intramural recreational sports association
what was the purpose or theme of Friedrich Jahn's system of Turner gymnastics
nationalism
what was the theme of the gymnastics program at the Philanthropinum and Schnepfenthal Institute
naturalism
Jane Addams Hull House
one of several settlement houses where play opportunities were provided for immigrant children
which of the following was a characteristic of the funeral games of the homeric
only warriors competed
1910- four phases of the educational process
organic education psychomotor education character education intellectual education
which of the following describes the principle of training that is defined as placing increasing amounts of stress on the body to cause adaptations that improve fitness
overload
in which event in the ancient olympic games was the winner the symbol of the all-around athlete
pentathlon
what is the art and science of teaching and the study of theories and application of teaching methods
petagogy
what was the most important educational aspect
play
what term or phrase describes the influence of European religions on attitudes toward play in the US beginning in the colonial time and continuing until today
protestant work ethic
the philosophy based on the laws and order of the world as revealed by science independent from human experience
realism
What role did the government in Sparta play in the physical development of boys
required that boys train to become soldiers beginning at age 7 in the public barracks
when setting goals, goals should be
specific, measurable, attainable, rewarding, and timely (SMART)
specialists in this exercise and sport science examine achievement, motivation, arousal, attribution, and personality development
sport and exercise psychology
which of the exercise and sport sciences would include the study of causal attribution relative to the importance placed on ability, luck, effort, and task difficulty on the outcome of the sporting event
sport and exercise pyschology
specialists in this exercise and sport science study the mechanical principles of force application and absorption, leverage, and stability
sport biomechanics
which of the exercise and sport sciences would include the study of sport marketing, sport finance, and legal aspects of sport
sport management
a person in this exercise and sport science would study sportsmanship and other aspects of ethical behavior in sports
sport philosophy
groups of students, faculty, and staff who get together to share a mutual interest in a particular sport or activity; European concept that spread to this country, clubs are self-organized, administered, funded, coached, and otherwise maintained
sports clubs
who was trained in archery, climbing, fencing, jousting, riding, swimming, wrestling, and courtly manners
squires
which of these is a manipulative skill?
striking
in which system of gymnastics did school children engage in the progressive, precise execution of movements on command
swedish
which type of program was taught at the boston normal school of gymnastics
swedish gymnastics
Luther Gulick helped establish
the Playground Association of America in 1906 and the Campfire Girls in 1910
Established physical education and health undergraduate programs at Stanford University and Teachers College of Columbia University; emphasized educational goals achieved through natural activities
thomas wood
who emphasized educational goals through natural activities- sports, games, dancing, aquatics
thomas wood
what was the founding purpose of the Amateur Athletic Union
to check the evils of professionalism and promote amateur sports
what is the purpose of physical education, exercise science, and sports programs
to inform and educate humans on how to live a healthy life and improve their health and well-being through physical activity
what is the purpose of a code of ethics
to provide professionals with an ethical standard for their actions
what was the reason for the establishment of the National Collegiate Athletic Association
to reduce or eliminate injuries and deaths in football
what was the one reason why german gymnastics did NOT become the basis for the system of physical education in the US
too much emphasis on strength development
Anthropometrics were used for various purposes and one of the major topics of shared interest among physical educators in the late 1800s
true
Dudley Sargent was a leader in anthropometrics, teacher training, and individualized physical education programs
true
Initially male college students promoted, financed, and controlled athletics — faculty and college administrators did not want to be involved (there were no standard rules or eligibility regulations)
true
Intercollegiate football helped popularize newspapers, while newspapers helped promote intercollegiate football
true
Required the development of an Individualized Education Program (IEP) for every child with special needs, including specifically for physical education
true
Sport was used as a means of social control and for the assimilation and socialization of immigrant youth into America
true
Swedish gymnastics emphasized posture correction through rigidly-held positions and movements on command
true
The Normal Institute for Physical Education, which was established by Dioclesian Lewis in 1861 in Boston, was the first teacher training school for physical education in the US
true
a motor learning specialist examines the relationship of movements to prior knowledge and skills transfer of learning types of practice sessions and feedback and knowledge of results
true
a student must have completed an entry level athletic training program accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education and pass the Board of Certification exam in order to become certified as an athletic trainer
true
allowing or disallowing an athlete to dispute an officials call is an ethical choice by the coach
true
an illustration of the popularity of athletics for the Greeks was the existence of numerous Pan-Hellenic festivals
true
applied sport psychology focuses on using an understanding psychological theories and techniques to help athletes improve their performances
true
art, music, and literature enjoy numerous synergies and relationships with the exercise and sport sciences
true
because of the significance of the ancient Olympic Games, competitors and spectators were guaranteed safe passage to and from Olympia if they were carrying a white truce flag
true
catherine beecher developed calisthenics for females to promote their health, beauty, and strength
true
claiming there is no rule against an unethical behavior no one will ever know about the unethical behavior or everyone else does the unethical behavior are rationalizations for trying to make this unethical behavior seem to be ethical
true
exercise physiologists investigate the biochemical reactions that supply muscles with energy
true
exercise scientists in clinical settings are committed to helping people of all ages learn more about the importance of physical activity to their health and well-being
true
fair play means playing within the letter and spirit of the rules
true
gambling was often associated with the sports of Native Americans
true
german gymnastics were first introduced in the US at Round Hill school
true
gymnasiums during the Late Athenian era of time became pleasure resorts and places for philosophical discussions instead of activity-filled centers; the only ones who trained there physically were professional athletes
true
health was a primary goal of Edward Hitchcock's program at Amherst College
true
in the early years, the olympic games were dominated by the Spartans
true
knowledge of results and feedback are associated with motor learning
true
maidens in ancient Greece during ancient times competed in the Heraean Games
true
motor learning specialists and sport psychologists are interested in studying how imaging may improve an athletes performance
true
physical therapists are governed by a code of ethics
true
physical therapy is the treatment of physical injury or dysfunction using therapeutic exercises and modalities with the goal of restoring normal function
true
physical therapy requires an understanding of the anatomical and physiological bases of human movement
true
principles are universal rules of conduct that identify what kinds of actions, intentions, and motives are valued
true
professional organizations publish journals to disseminate research findings and information that can enhance the learning of individuals in the field
true
settlement houses provided play opportunities for children, and especially immigrant children, in cities
true
skills developed by Greek warriors were used in athletic contests during the funeral games
true
societal attitudes toward women in the 1800s restricted their sport opportunities
true
some of the immigration of Germans to the US was a result of the banning of Turner gymnastics in Germany
true
swedish gymnastics were popular with females in the late 1800s and early 1900s
true
the NCAA was formed to 1906 to reform football to address rampant injuries and deaths
true
the Turner gymnastics movement promoted physical development for nationalistic goals
true
the best academic preparation for a student majoring in sport management includes management foundations, sport applications, and an internship or work experience within the field
true
the first step in the research process or scientific method is to ask a research question or state a problem that is measurable
true
the loser had to raise his hand to admit defeat in wrestling in the ancient Olympic games
true
the naturalistic believes that physical well-being can enhance a readiness to learn mental, moral, and social skills
true
the purpose of the 1889 Boston Conference on Physical Training was to promote Swedish gymnastics, but more importantly it provided exposure to the alternative physical education programs or gymnastics systems popular at the time
true
vaulting bucks, parallel bars, climbing ladders and ropes, balance beams, running track, and a wrestling ring were located at the turnplatz set up by Friedrich Jahn
true
winners in the ancient Olympic games often received statutes, odes in their honor, cash, and special privileges from their city-states, but only an olive wreath at Olympia
true
who was the most significant person in the formulation of the rules of american football
walter camp
