HI 102 Test 1 Dr. Northrop
We the people of the United States , in order to form a more perfect union
1st line of the preamble
legislative judicial executive
3 branches of government
preamble 7 articles Bill of rights
3 parts of the constitution
England vs france
7 years war was between who
nationalism
A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country
Battle at Waterloo (1815)
Britain and Prussia defeat Napoleon and capture him
temple of reason
Catholic Church eventually became what
33.5 hours
Charles Lindbergh flew across the Atlantic on the Spirit of St Louis in how many hours
limit the power of the government
Constitution's main theme
Napoleon
Coup (takeover) of 1799 by who
Encyclopedia
Diderot sponsored what ... (his claim to fame)
progressive (more feeling oriented)
Emile-progressive education promoted what kind of education
huguenots
French Protestants
Immanuel Kant
"Have the courage to use your own intelligence"
Louis XIV
"I am the State"
Immanuel Kant
"Man leaving his self-cursed immaturity"
Louis XV
"after me. the deluge"
divine right of kings
"because God made me king, you must follow my rule. God picked me." (led to extreme abuse of power)
the guillotine
"cool, crisp, clean sensation on the back of the neck " (viewed as humane execution)
Louis XVI
"protect us, O Lord, I fear we reign too young"
liberals and progressives
"the constitution is a living document"
Tabula Rasa
"the mind is a blank slate"
conservatives
"uphold ad follow the constitution"
French and Indian War
(1754-1763) War fought in the colonies between the English and the French for possession of the Ohio Valley area. The English won. (known as the seven years war)
40,000
Napoleon decided to retreat back to france, the Russians followed and began to shoot their soldiers. their army went from 600,000 to how many
destroyed and preserved
Napoleon did both ....... the revolution
words
Napoleon had a way with .... and leadership
dictator
Napoleon promoted equality yet he became a ....
Catholic church
Napoleon restored what even though he was not a religious man
continental system
Napoleon set this up because he said "if I can't beat England through warfare, ill beat them economically. ( he stopped trading with them)
code of laws
Napoleon sets what to bring peace and civility after the Chaos of the guillotine and such
"I'll crown myself"
Napoleon told the pope what at his ceremony to be blessed by the pope
russia
Napoleon tried to set up a continental system to affect who and they did not adhere to the system
weak
Napoleon was considered .... on sea, however, it was said "Britannia rules the waves."
battle of Leipzig (1814)
Napoleon was defeated by a coalition of nations and was captured
small
Napoleon was what in stature
trust your heart
Rousseau believed ...... (Voltaire believed trust your mind)
Trust your mind
Voltaire was a proponent of what
Women's March on Versailles
a crowd of women, demanding bread for their families, marched toward versailles (October 4, 1789)
The Estates General (1789)
a meeting called by Louis XVI to discuss the tax increase
year 1 (1790)
a new calendar was established based on what
Constitutional Monarchy
a new constitution (1791)
Bastille
a prison that was attacked by the 3rd estate
13th amendment
abolished slavery
George III
absolute monarch in England
Louis XVI
absolute monarch in France
Greatest thinker
according to his peers and fellow enlightenment friends, Voltaire was what
France
after Napoleon's death they brought his body back where and created a magnificent tomb
"to be fair let's go ahead and vote me in as 'consul for life'." (1802)
age of Napoleon statement
Diderot
also attacked Christianity in his writings
War of Independence
another name for the American Revolution
sciences
apply what to all walks of life during the enlightenment
third (common)
at the meeting the King and Nobility ignore what estate
Joseph
austria enlightened monarch
a republic if you can keep it
ben franklin's response to "Mr. Franklin, what type of government do we have?"
Patrick Henry
bill of rights
Louis VIII
brother of Louis XVI becomes king when monarchy is restored
nationalism
by spreading ideas of the revolution, Napoleon inadvertently spread what as well
14th amendment
citizenship
16th amendent
collect taxes
trial by jury state in which the crime was committed
conditions for criminal trials
france, germany, England
countries with a state-church
8th amendment
cruel and unusual punishment
traditions
customs that preserve the past
Alexander I
czar of Russian while Napoleon ruled
Trafalgar
defeat of Napoleon because it was on sea
written records
documents that preserve the past
peace
domestic policy of Napoleon
17th amendment
election of senators
The Enlightenment
emphasis on science
pro-natural rights
enlightened monarchs were...
George Danton
extremely radical guy that proposed people that disagreed, even in the National Assembly, should be arrested and executed
James Madison
father of constitution
voltaire
father of rationalism
Clergy / 2%
first estate
guillotined
for a brief time people trusted robespierre, but people that were opposed to him were sentenced to ....
pro-natural rights
freedom of worship freedom of speech freedom of the press
De-Christianization of France
get rid of christianity
state church
government and church were aligned
600,000
grand army of Napoleon had how many people
reign of terror (1793)
guillotine was said to have executed 1600-250000 people
abstract
how did robespierre love people
six months
how long before Napoleon escapes Elbe
500
how many soldiers were sent to arrest Napoleon
cattle cart
how was Mary Antoinette paraded throughout the city on the way to the guillotine
society
if church and government weren't connected, what would crumble
emperor
in 1804, Napoleon says , "I like the sound of ... of France"
deluge in france
inevitable problems were coming to france
President
oath to "preserve, protects and defend"
Emile-progressive education
one of Rousseau's most famous books
committee of public safety
part o the national convention who were in charge of the reign of terror
arrest
people conspire against him and during one of his speeches, they ..... robespierre
religion and traditions
people needed to be free from old what
science
philosophers were impressed with what
germany
pietest movement
king and nobility
power struggle between who
"I will stop the chaos"
promise that Napoleon makes because he is an opportunist
"secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity
promise to future generations
"establish justice, ensure domestic tranquility... provide for the common defense
purpose of the constitution
"a revolution devours its own"
quote from the revolution
supporters of tyranny enemies of liberty
radicals called people that still supported the king what
noble savage
referred to people that lived remotely and lonesome (savages), but a change in thought viewed them as noble
calvinists
reformed, followers of John Calvin
1st Amendment
religion, speech, assembly, press, petition
2nd amendment
right to bear arms
15th amendment
right to vote
jaw
robespierre Trys to reach for a guards gun and accidentally shoots himself where
politics
robespierre was obsessed with what
tricked
russia ...... france by not giving them war but rather retreating further and further into Russia
scorched-earth policy
russia burned towns, crops and villages so that no food or supplies were left for the French soldiers
Catherine
russia enlightened monarch
4th
search warrants
nobility / 10%
second estate
House
serve 2 years
Senators
serve 6 years
Robespierre
shot himself, was mocked then guillotined
financial
the French had huge what kind of problems
French Revolution (1789)
the Old Regime or old administration
locked
the doors where the 3rd Estate were supposed to meet were actually
new nation
the end of the revolutionary war resulted in what
Austerlitz
the greatest French victory during the Napoleonic era in which both Austria and Prussia are defeated
the radical revolution
the national convention took place during what
Paris
the women, who were wielding weapons, demanded that "the king must return to ...."
10 day week
there was a what as opposed to the Christian's 7 day week
Maximilien Robespierre
took Danton's place as the dictator of the national convention
1st Amendment
two prohibitions on congress regarding religion (cannot establish religion, cannot prohibition free exercise of religion)
France vs austria, Prussia
war that came about because of the fear of revolution in countries
napoleonic wars (1803-1815)
war with Britain, austria, Prussia and Russia
Mary Antoinette
was executed as well as her husband
winter
what began to set in while Napoleon was in russia
debate class
what class was robespierre the leader of in high school
Let them eat cake
what did Mary Antoinette say should be done with the people that are without bread and are hungry
"look into my eyes" "ill make you a colonel"
what did Napoleon say to get the soldiers to not arrest him
military
what kind of support does the directory have
Louis XVI
what king was killed by the guillotine
who is the greatest leader of all time
what question was asked to Napoleon
treason
what was Louis arrested for
monarchy
what was restored back in France
"hold him face up, hold his eyes open"
what was was Robespierre facing when the guillotine was falling
head
when Louis xiv was executed what landed in the basket and was held up as the crowd cheered
russia
where did Napoleon take his 600,000 person army
St. Helena (500 miles off the coast of Africa)
where is Napoleon exiled to the second time
philadelphia
where is the great hall at
elbe (20 miles east of Italy)
where was Napoleon exiled to
king
who agreed to meet with some of the women and distribute bread to the crowd
Diderot
who believed Christianity was the worst religion
Alexander
who called napoleons bluff
Catholic Church
who did the National Assembly say was an enemy of the revolution
baker, his wife and his son
who did the women demand to see when they arrived
clergy
who must support the revolution
Franklin
who said "Gentlemen, we need to seek the Lord in prayer"
John locke
who said "knowledge comes from environment, from reason not faith"
Louis XVI
who snubbed Robuspierre when he was in high school at a debate
Britain
who survived france
Louis
who wanted to escape the revolution
nations
who was afraid revolution would spread to their countries
Voltaire
who was an anti-christian
French
who wasn't overbearing and didn't settle and uproot Indian territories
checks and balances
why are there 3 branches of government
admiration
why'd people have mercy on him
Louis XIV
involved France in wars, purchased fountains, excessively spent money
Yorktown
last major battle against the British
Maximilien Robespierre
leader of the committee of public safety
Louis XIV
long before the Revolution, who drained the treasury
artifacts
man made objects
'nobody's safe from the guillotine
many people assume what during the reign of terror
liberal
met in the middle of the building (open-minded)
radical
met on the left side of the building
conservative
met on the right side of the building
Religious toleration
monarchs and enlightenment philosophy
"my kingdom has vanished while Christ's kingdom lives on forever. My leadership was temporary, while Christ's leadership is eternal"
napoleon's explanation of why he said Jesus
Jesus of nazareth
napoleons answer to the reporter
the consulate (1799)
new government set up by Napoleon
The directory
new government that takes over after the national convention falls apart
"maybe christianity isn't right"
new travel literature made people think what
travel literatures
new what disclosed that there were many different literatures
James Cook
British explorer who was a proponent of the "noble savage" lifestyle
lutherans
Followers of Martin Luther who separated from the Catholic Church
John Wesley
Founder of the Methodist Church (from England)
I am the State
Louis XIV abuse of power led to what statement
Frederick
Prussia (Germany) enlightened monarch
"man is good, society is bad"
Rousseau believed that ....
faith based thinking
Voltaire was opposed to what
education
a big deal during the enlightenment
Pietest movement
reactions against rationalism and Deism
"shot heard around the world"
reference to the first shot at Lexington (shot of freedom from the British)
reason
replaces faith
Voltaire
said "Jesus was not divine"
Voltaire
said "Within 100 years, Christianity will not exist" (1778)
common
the enlightened monarchs sought to help the ...
"nice rulers"
the enlightened monarchs were considered ...
1) Display God's goodness 2)Helps in discernment 3) Shows consequences 4) promotes gratitude
the value of history (4 things)
skepticism
there was a new what due to different travel literatures
common people / 97%
third estate
History
to inquire, to find out
king
top of French society
deist
voltaire was a ...
reason
was a favorite word in the Enlightenment
national assembly
what did the third estate establish themselves as on the tennis court
the estates general
what meeting would radically alter france, but not in the way the Nobles wanted
7 years war
what war was from 1756-1763
change thinking
what was Diderot's end goal for developing the Encyclopedia
Toleration of minorities
what was occurring during the enlightenment
wars
what were failures in the French monarchy
tennis court
where the 3rd estate met since they could not get into their room
French
who did the Indians help in the seven years war
commoner
who did the nobility want the king to tax
absolute monarchs
who followed the "Divine Right of King"
philosophers
who were typically against the lavish spending of the king
fight over colonies
why did the seven years war occur
journalists and writers
Napoleon attracts many what to st Helena
"dare to know"
Immanuel Kant quote
Bastille day
June 14, 1789
letter
Louis left the palace with no warning except for a letter about the National Assembly that was left at the palace
lavish carriage
Louis was advised to escape through an inconspicuous wagon, yet him being who he was, wanted to ride in a ....
checkpoint
Louis was stopped at a .... carrying several items along with a golden bathtub which made the guards realize who he was
speaker/ lawyer
Maximilien Robespierre occupation
nobility
"By forcing the King to summon the Estates-General, The Who initiated the Revolution. They greatly miscalculated.
Rousseau
father of romanticism
Lexington and Concord
first battles of the Revolutionary War
"no taxation without representation "
major quote from the American Revolution
