Hist 2030 Final Studyguide

Peay did this as governor___; his efforts led to efficient state gov't and more power for the governor

administrative reorganization bill- combined state business agencies into 8 departments that report to the governor rather than the legislature

the Firestone plant in Memphis was organized by this union. It did not allow AA members

all white American Federation of Labor union

the rural electrification agency did what

allowed country people to form electrical cooperatives and purchase TVA power

the 1925 general education bill had this effect on schools

any county that levied a 50 cent tax for schools would receive enough funds for an 8 month school year; these schools had to comply with state school laws and follow state curriculum or lost funding; it also established a uniform pay scale for teachers throughout state

Alvin York had this role in WW1

attacked a German position, killed 20 Germans and captured 131 more, marched them to American lines for surrender; 1 of 6 TN'ns to be awarded Congressional Medal of Honor

the U.T. summer school of the South did this

beginning in 1902, brought teachers across the region to UT each summer to discuss educational conditions in South leaving them fired up for school reform; headed by professor Claxton

this was the term for areas that had unrestricted vices such as gambling and prostitution

blind tigers

Bessie Smith made this form of music popular across the country

blues

???the economy did this after the reconstruction era. Farming noticed the rise in what?

boom until 1919; farm prices high, farm economy prosperous

what was the original purpose of Wilson dam

built for ammunition plant

these people lost their voting rights due to their role in the Civil War

confederates

the Great Depression caused people to move back here to help feed their families

country

WW1 had this effect on the economy

created great prosperity; took America out of recession into 44 month boom; exports to Europe increased

this was used to raise troops for WW1. it was opposed by some

draft

The Civil War had what effect on the economy of the state

economy was damaged; once it recovers industrialization was up but farming suffered a decline; agriculture was still the heart, but it had been damaged grievously

Austin Peay was the first governor since the civil war to do this___; he was a very successful governor

elected for 3 terms

the civilian conservation corps did what

employed young single men to work on conservation projects, including improvements to state and federal parks, under direction of the department of interior, housing them in camps administered by US army

what group was paid more money that road improved prior to Peay being governor

ex-confederate pensions

how did boss crump use AA votes

formed an alliance with Church; the Crump machine paid for poll tax and provide transportation to the polls

freedmen did this with church denominations

founded all black churches led by black pastors; most were methodist of baptist

???these social organizations helped freedmen to help each other in such matters as business and social needs such as burials

fraternal organizations

Brownlow wanted this group to gain voting rights to help support his party

freedmen

the 14th amendment gave rights to this group of people for the first time

freedmen; TN was first Southern state to pass it

the town of Dayton thought having a trial there would have this effect

get national publicity, put Dayton on the map

??this was the public utility that electrified TN. It was the idea of George Norris of Nebraska

gov't run utility; TN Valley Authority

in 1870 the state gov't did this to modify the state constitution

governor's authority to use militia and invoke martial law was restricted, state was barred from underwriting any private business enterprises, and a limit was set on number of days the legislators could collect per diem; instituted universal manhood suffrage (poll tax still authorized) and forbade legislature from tampering with right

the public works administration did what

headed by Harold Ickes; specialized in substantial building projects; many post offices, courthouses and schools in state still display PWA plaques; built state's Supreme Court building and state office building in Nashville and remodeled the capitol

this problem faced the reconstruction government, how to integrate 3 groups into society after the war

how to integrate unionists, freedmen, and ex confederates into the gov't and society

Clinton Fisk did this in the Nashville area

instituted a normal program in 1867 (i.e. teacher training) an Fisk university, TN's most successful missionary school

what was the effect of sharecropping on the economy

it was a solution at first, but ended up being a long term disaster; it was an inefficient method of production that hindered agriculture in TN for decades to come

what did private utilities do when TVA was organized

lawsuits against TVA

this was the effect of Peay's road system on the younger people living in rural areas

made it easier o find jobs in town

governor Austin Peay did this for the state road system

made road building a priority in 1920's

elimination of this disease was a side effect of TVA dam building

malaria

this was the effect of building dams on farmland for landowners

many people were made to move, only a few got compensated

this class was more inclined to reform than other social classes in the state

middle class

the congress of industrial organizations would organize this type of workers. It would also integrate

non-skilled

these were the sources of school reform

northern philanthropy and a small, dedicated network of educators centered at university of TN and in state education bureaucracy

the 1916 federal aid to highways act did what

offered matching funds to states that built highways to federal specifications

Lea was also involved in this WW1 adventure

officer in 114th TN; earned international notoriety when at end of war, made a raid into neutral Holland in unsuccessful attempt to capture the defeated German Kaiser (who was in exile there)

Fannie Battle was an example of what during the reform era

old South becoming progressive; Southern belle to social worker

why were bond issues rejected by TN voters again and again

opposed to state debt; feared that the money from the bonds would be squandered by corrupt state officials; feared that TGRA;s road building plan would benefit the cities at the expense of the countryside

boss Crump did this to help save union planters bank

ordered bank to pile. up cash on counters so people could see it and personally talked to people to assure them the bank was sound

this caused a crisis in TN agriculture. It caused a depression of farm prices

overproduction, lack of access to credit, and high protective tariffs that hurt overseas markets for American produce

the agricultural adjustment act did what

paid farmers to reduce acreage in 7 crops, specifically cotton and tobacco

this was the system Peay used to pay for the new highway system

pay as you go system

this was the condition of state roads in the early 1900's

poor, unconnected, bad

Peay was a pragmatic politician, he stayed away from moral issues such as this

prohibition

this effort to reform centered on the curtailing of alcohol abuse

prohibition or temperance movement

these two new technologies made music more accessible to people

record players and radios

Dewitt Clinton Senter did this as governor of the state after Brownlow

relaxed martial law and demobilized the guard

section 7a of the national industrial recovery act guaranteed this right to workers

right of workers to organize and bargain collectively

cities and towns had electricity but who didn't prior to the TVA

rural areas

this voter group supported Peay due to the economic benefits he brought to them

rural votes

Freedmen struggled to gain these rights that had been denied them during slavery

self-identity; family integrity; adopted surnames; legally sanctioned wedding ceremonies; reuniting of families; housing; churches; jobs; education; political rights

what did WSM (radio station) do

started by an insurance company and originally broadcast from company offices in Downtown Nashville; WSM is to credit for the origins of Nashville's current music business

this described the state of the school system in the early 1900's

state didn't control public education, but let each of the 95 counties run its own; conditions thus varied; middle class demanded and got good schools, but most learned basic literacy in 1-2 room county schools; short 96 day school term with optional attendance (average 47 day attendance)

this was the effect of a poor school system on the literacy level

state's illiteracy rate in 1902 was 14.2% for whites over 10

in Oct. 1929, this event heralded the Great Depression. It wiped out many investments

stock market crash

this is a type of farming done to just get by and survive. It doesn't raise food for markets

subsistence farming

in 1925, the state legislature passed this piece of legislation against teaching a certain science theory

the Butler bill of 1925 banned teaching of evolution

???Brownlow's main problem after the war politically was how to do what for his party?

the Conservative Unionists tried to win the elections in 1865; only 3 of the 8 winning candidates for the state's congressional seats were loyal to Brownlow, he got a fourth ally into congress

this crop was so unprofitable it cost more to ship it than the price it could be sold for

tobacco

what was John Thomas Scopes role in the teaching controversy

took funding from the American Civil Liberties Union to challenge the Butler Bill law; loses

what did the war do to the urban areas of Nashville and memphis

untouched; had a population boom; Nashville 17,000 to 26,000; Memphis 23,000 to 40,000

cheaper electricity encouraged homeowners to do what

use more electricity and less coal power; resulted in cleaner cities

this institution meant that TN congressmen were well placed to get New Deal funds to help state. it gained from time in office

voters voted the same people into office; having attained seniority, TN'ns held positions of power in congress

the strike at this town protested harsh working conditions at a textile mill. The state of TN sided with the company

Elizabethton

what happened to iron production due to the war

wiped out; towns that once were in iron cut the number of laborers drastically; capital investment decline 97%

the right to vote by this group was a goal achieved at the end of WW1

women

this organization tried to help freedmen to enter society

Freedmen's Bureau

this started as a country music parody of an opera music radio program

Grand Ole Opry

this park was a result of tourism generate by the new road system

Great Smoky Mountains Park

this was the state of the agricultural economy in the 1920's

"agricultural depression"; plummeted into a postwar recession that presaged the Great Depression; farm prices dropped and farmers found it harder to make a living

sharecropping was seen as this by freedmen

"quasi-independence"; better off than prewar days

how were citizenship rights such as voting given to freedmen

1866 state legislature granted blacks all citizenship rights except voting, office holding, jury service, and marry whites; 1867 legislators enfranchised freedmen; 1868 legislators repealed ban on black jury service and office holding; 1870-15th amendment gave them right to vote

William G. Brownlow did what after the war

1st postwar governor; set up a voter registration system and banned confederates for 5 years then for life; granted freedmen right to vote in 1867

this law outlawed bars within geographic limits of schools, then of towns later

4 mile law

in 1924, there were how many miles of state road

500

this organization came back in the 1920's as a reaction to modernity. It was opposed by most TN'ns

Ku Klux Klan

this underground organization tried to undermine freedmen's rights by using violence. it was founded in Pulaski, TN

Ku Klux Klan

the Republican Party depended on this group of voters to maintain strength, this group would later leave for the Democratic Party during the great depression

African Americans

??this caused TN farms to be small to be successful

Agriculture Adjustment Act

this political group thought that reform was a disruption and wanted things to stay the same

Bourbon democrats

Edward Ward Carmack used the alcohol issue to destroy the political power of what group

Bourbons

Luke Lea was allied with this banking group. Their investments would collapse in the great depression

Caldwell and Co

AA's left rural areas for these Northern cities due to less oppression and better job opportunities

Chicago, Detroit, etc

William B. Scott founded this newspaper for freedmen after the war

Colored Tennessean

he was known as the Red Snapper, political boss of Memphis, thrown out of office by Ouster Law

Ed. Crump

Ed Shaw was a prominent AA political leader in this city

Memphis

this riot happened in 1866 and killed over 40 people and destroyed part of this city

Memphis Riot of May 1-2

Emerson Etheridge was the candidate for this political party to oppose Brownlow for the governors post in the elections of 1867

Conservative candidate in 1867

what was the urban areas reaction to the reform of alcohol consumption

Nashville, Memphis, and Chattanooga don't conform

these people wanted reform in schools, cities, and the right to vote for women and improved roads

TN progressives

Lide Merriweather was the leader of this group. It supported women's suffrage in Memphis

TN's first women's suffrage league in Memphis

what was the TVA

Tennessee Valley Authority

this organization fought for sharecropper's rights, tried sit ins and protests to stop evictions of sharecroppers

Southern Tenant Farmer's Union

this political meeting was held for several years after the war by freedmen in Nashville

State Colored Men's Convention