History 120 - Powell
Slaves who seldom came into contact with whites, as on rice plantations, enjoyed more autonomy than elsewhere in the colonies.
True
The English word "slave" derives from the word "Slav," that is, a people from Eastern Europe who were enslaved by other Europeans into the 1400s.
True
The first Thanksgiving celebrated the Pilgrims' survival and a successful harvest.
True
The typical seventeenth-century woman in New England gave birth seven times.
True
There were no banks in the 1700s in colonial America.
True
Towns banished individuals for such offenses as complaining about the colony in their letters home to England.
True
Vastly more people living in the colonies had far greater opportunities-to vote, own land, worship freely-than existed in Europe.
True
Virginia's upper class in the 1700s was sometimes called a "cousinocracy."
True
When Columbus first sailed to America in 1492, Christian Europe was entirely Catholic; twenty-five years later, following Martin Luther's Ninety-Five Theses, the Protestant Reformation had begun, and Europe was thrown into more than 100 years of Christian religious wars.
True
When supplies reached the Roanoke colony in 1590, the inhabitants had mysteriously vanished leaving only a word carved in a tree as a clue to their whereabouts.
True
The Pueblo revolt
Was the most complete victory for native Americans over Europeans and the only wholesale expulsion of settlers in the history of North America
Lord Baltimore's sudden voting restriction based on land accumulation resulted in
a Protestant uprising calling for his removal of office.
The English "enclosure" movement of the 1500s and 1600s forced small farmers off "commons" land so that the land could be taken up by
sheep.
In the eighteenth century, the British Constitution—the unwritten groundwork of British freedom—celebrated all except
the right for all men to vote.
Most Indian tribes were matrilineal.
True
Approximately what percentage of slaves carried to the New World were destined for mainland North America?
5 percent
Newspaperman John Peter Zenger printed several issues targeting the governor of New York's corruption. He was found not guilty as his accusations were found to be true.
True
Prior to 1800, the largest settled community in what is now the United States was
Cahokia
The Great League of Peace included all but the following
Choctaw
Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence?
Cortés's conquest of the Aztecs; Las Casas's History of the Indies; Spanish abolition of Indian enslavement
Women in this European settlement enjoyed far more independence than in other colonies.
Dutch
Primogeniture meant that estates must be passed intact to the oldest son.
True
Roger Williams was banished from Massachusetts for advocating freedom of individual conscience and religious choice.
True
In European exploration, conquest, and colonization of the New World after 1492, all of the following were true except
Europeans brought with them a broad-ranging tolerance for others' viewpoints; kindness and tolerance being the mark of civilized peoples.
Europeans in the 1500s held firmly to the view that all men are created equal.
False
In 1492, the population of Europe was three times greater than that of the Americas.
False
In the Spanish colonies, race and class were not important.
False
Most European men in the 1500s owned property and could vote.
False
Most migrants to seventeenth-century New England came out of the poorer reaches of English society.
False
Seventeenth-century New England quickly developed into a land of large plantations and landless servants.
False
The Aztecs lived in a peaceful, nonviolent society.
False
The Pueblo Revolt of 1680 was swiftly crushed by Spanish authorities.
False
The early settlers of English America enjoyed the least amount of rights compared to colonists of other empires.
False
The eighteenth century was the height of the Atlantic slave trade, a commerce increasingly dominated by Spanish merchants and ships.
False
The exchange of goods among Spanish colonists, French colonists, and Indians in North America was known as the "triangular trade."
False
Which colony was founded by a group of philanthropists led by James Oglethorpe?
Georgia
Which was not expressed by Bartolomé de Las Casas in A Very Brief Account of the Destruction of the Indes in 1552?
He believed that Indians ought to be allowed to continue to practice their native faiths as a true sign of Christian love and toleration.
Which was not a means by which Cortés conquered the Aztecs?
He bombarded the Aztec capital from his Spanish galleons.
In North America, three new and very different empires had arisen in the late seventeenth century-
Spanish, French, and English.
During Pontiac's Rebellion, Neolin, the prophet, asserted all except
Indians must use British technology to defeat their enemies.
Which was not part of the Glorious Revolution?
It secured Catholic succession to the throne of England.
Which of the following was not a feature of Native American civilization prior to the voyages of Columbus?
Large cities were unknown to the Americas.
Which was not an element in Leisler's Rebellion (1689)?
Leisler's success meant French domination of New York.
Who was the English-speaking American Indian the Pilgrims encountered at Plymouth Bay in 1620?
Squanto
As a result of this uprising, the state slave code was tightened and a temporary imposition of a prohibitive tax on imported slaves was established.
Stono Rebellion
During the Pueblo Revolt, which of the following names were ordered to never be spoken again?
Mary
Which of the following series of events is listed in proper sequence? Trial of Anne Hutchinson, MayflowerCompact, Half-Way Covenant?
Mayflower Compact; trial of Anne Hutchinson; Half-Way Covenant
The Indian leader, ____, led a surprise attack that killed one-quarter of Virginia's settlers in a single day.
Opechancanough
The colony founded by a leader who hoped women and blacks would be given equality along with all persons was
Pennsylvania.
Which is not an achievement of the Indians of North America in the thousands of years before Columbus's arrival?
People in present-day Arizona constructed a large circle of red-earthen boulders.
The idea that only property-owning citizens possessed "virtue" is most closely related to what political idea?
Republicanism
Which was not true of the Middle Passage?
Seventy percent of slaves were destined for North America.
This was the first mainland colony to achieve a black majority population.
South Carolina
Which was not part of the aftermath of King Philip's War?
The Iroquois, having attacked the colonists, were destroyed.
Which of the following was not a notable feature of sixteenth-century Spanish America?
The Spanish crown took initially little interest in the administration of colonial affairs.
Mexico won independence from Spain in 1821.
True
Which was not a characteristic of American Indians?
There were four different tribes in the Americas.
Which did not characterize free blacks (such as Anthony Johnson) in Virginia and Maryland in the 1600s?
They could not own African slaves.
"Deism" was a religious adaptation of Enlightenment thought in both Europe and colonial America.
True
A major goal of Spanish colonization was to convert the Indians to Catholicism.
True
According to the English minister George Whitefield, people could participate in their own salvation through their own actions; they were not, as predominant Protestant religions had traditionally held, predestined for damnation.
True
Anne Hutchinson scandalized Massachusetts's authorities both for her unorthodox religious ideas and for her "unwomanly" engagement in public issues.
True
By 1750, the Virginian population recognized "white" and "free" as virtually identical.
True
During the first half of the eighteenth century, the flow of non-English migrants to British North America was larger than that of English migrants
True
In 1678, when the Lords of Trade in England queried the Massachusetts government about how well it was following the Navigation Acts, the Lords received the reply from the colony that the Navigation Acts did not apply to the colony unless the colony's own government (not the British Parliament, but rather the Massachusetts General Court) approved them.
True
In 1705, the House of Burgesses enacted strict slave codes.
True
In Puritan New England, a husband's authority in his house was nearly absolute; genuine freedom for a woman was understood to come from her subjection to her husband's will and desires.
True
In the mid-1700s, per capita, the richest people in the world were most likely the (non-slave) colonists in what would later become the United States.
True
One significant consequence of the Glorious Revolution for the American colonies was
a renewed sense of entitlement to liberty, as the birthright of all English subjects.
Olaudah Equiano was
a slave who purchased his freedom.
A key motivation behind early English settlement in the American colonies was
acquisition of land, and thus a measure of personal independence, the profits to be made in transatlantic commerce & escape from the material and spiritual corruptions of England.
The Charter of Liberties and Privileges
allowed for a trial by jury and the security of property.
In the Salem witchcraft trials of 1692,
almost 150 people, mostly women, were accused of witchcraft.
Prior to being taken over by the English in 1664, New York was
called New Netherland and controlled by the Dutch.
Which of the following was not a significant outcome of the start of Chesapeake tobacco cultivation?
campaigns to discourage migration by English women, who, it was feared, would distract male Virginians from their work in the fields
During the eighteenth century, more than half the Africans shipped to the New World as slaves were
carried on British vessels.
Slaves, in the traditional African example, tended to be
criminals, debtors, and captives in war.
Which of the following was not a characteristic of early New England society?
equality of the sexes in general church affairs, but not in government affairs
Who were the peninsulares?
persons of European birth
Who were the mestizos?
persons of mixed Spanish and Indian origin
The Half-Way Covenant applied to whom?
grandchildren of the English Great Migration
Among the problems facing the early settlers of Jamestown colony were
high rates of death and disease.
Following the Proclamation of 1763,
its ordinances were ignored and officials covered their involvement in land grabs.
The Mayflower Compact of 1620 asserted that
just and equal laws made by male representatives onboard were to rule.
Under the liberalism idea, the "social contract" extorted that
men retain their natural rights, as they predated the establishment of political authority.
The military outposts established by the Spanish in California and New Mexico were called
presidios.
In the prevailing theory of mercantilism, the government should
regulate economic activity to promote the nation's power.
Carolina grew slowly until planters discovered what staple crop?
rice
Along with sugar, the West Indies also produced this increasingly popular product enjoyed by both North American colonists and Indians.
rum
The three-race system developed in
the British Caribbean.
The movement that sought to apply the scientific method of careful investigation based on research and experiment to politics and social life was called
the Enlightenment.
The agreement that ended the Seven Years' War was called
the Peace of Paris.
In the mid-eighteenth-century colonies, this area of settlement was the most rapidly growing region in North America.
the backcountry
Which of the following was not a significant trend of sixteenth- and seventeenth-century English society?
the elimination of gender hierarchies
Which of the following was not a major reason early Europeans felt the Indians were barbaric?
their wearing of beads and feathers
Colonial Virginia's economic substitute for gold was
tobacco
In 1600s Virginia, a feme sole could do all of the following except
vote
The Levellers
wanted to greatly expand the right to vote.
The Albany Plan of Union
was the attempt to create a council composed of delegates from each colony to levy taxes and settle domestic issues.
In eighteenth century colonial America, all of these groups were ineligible to vote as they lacked a "will of their own" except
white landholders.