HISTORY CHAPTER 1 (Christopher Columbus)

inca

a member of a South American Indian people living in the central Andes before the Spanish conquest.

aztec

a member of the American Indian people dominant in Mexico before the Spanish conquest of the 16th century.

West Indies

islands that lie between southeastern North America and northern South America, and separate the Caribbean Sea from the Atlantic Ocean

bering strait

land bridge -- Native Americans crossed this former land bridge from Asia to the Americas

crusades

led to the thirst for exotic goods: exploration

nomadic

moving from place to place

Reformation

A religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches.

Renaissance

Age of rebirth and culture in Europe

What were the causes of the Crusades?

Caused by the church wanting to get rid of Muslims, and wanting to get back the Holy Land, or Jerusalem.

Describe the importance of trade.

Countries can trade resources they have with resources they need from other countries.

Who did Columbus encounter when he landed in the New World?

He encountered the natives.

Christopher Columbus

He mistakenly discovered the Americas in 1492 while searching for a faster route to India.

When & where did Christopher Columbus sail on his first voyage to the New World?

He sailed west for Asia, but instead came across the New World, mistakenly thinking they were islands off the coast of India.

How successful were Native American attempts at resistance?

Native Americans try to maintain their tribal identities and and languages despite the attempts people make to change their image.

Describe the European social hierarchy.

The Europe social hierarchy starts from the top with monarchs, then nobles, and then peasants.

How did the Crusades affect Europeans?

The crusades led to the thirst for exotic goods.

What was the effect of the Columbian Exchange?

The effect of the Columbian Exchange was the exchange of technology, and food between the Native Americans and the Europeans.

How did the first Americans get to the western hemisphere?

The first Americans got to the western hemisphere by boat.

What crisis happened in the 1300's?

The plague was the crisis that happened in the 1300s.

Columbian Exchange

The transfer of goods from the old world (Europe) and the new world (Americas)

Describe Native American religion.

They believed in spirits within the natural world.

How did Native Americans use their land?

They believed land was not to be owned, but used by all.

What led Europeans to begin to use African slavery?

They colonized Africa and started forcing the people into slavery.

maya

They settled in the Yucatan Peninsula, not far from the Olmecs. A very cultural and intellectual people who used astronomy to create and very accurate calendar.

What were the three motivations for the Spanish to explore new lands?

Three motivations the Spanish had to explore new lands were gold, land, and religion.