History Exam 1

Europe was surviving, trading with other countries and developing new naval technology, including the Compass and Sextant. There was some traveling, but they mostly stuck to the surrounding countries.

Describe Europe at the end of the 15th

is keeping the trade between the English colonies and England, so money was only spent between the Englishmen

Describe Mercantilism and its impact on the Colonies?

The majority of the economy relied on Agriculture and Industry. They still practiced Mercantilism as they started building wigs, clocks, clothing, etc. These successes led to wealth and power, surplus income, consumerism, and individualism.

Describe the Colonial Economy during the 18th

Established trade between Europe and the Americas, giving them access to better crop, livestock, etc. It also brought over diseases, such as Syphilis.

Describe the Columbian Exchange and its impact.

They didn't really know what they were doing, and technology was still being developed, so they knew little of true navigation. They discovered many resources, mostly agriculture, but also dispelled many of the Myths of America in their travels.

Describe the Early Explorers, their successes and their failures.

It caused a division between loyalists of English Parliament and free English colonies

Describe the English Civil War and the impact it had on the Colonies.

When the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church

Describe the English Reformation.

was a time of revival and emotion, leaning more toward personal experience and less on just reading a holy book. Jonathan Edwards and George Whitfield

Describe the Great Awakening. Describe important names associated with it.

a society in which most or all food is obtained by foraging

Describe the Hunter-Gatherer lifestyle.

Christians (specifically in Germany, England, France and Holland) rebelled against the authority of the pope.

Describe the Protestant Reformation.

They believed the Church of England was too similar to the Roman Catholic Church and should eliminate ceremonies and practices not rooted in the Bible

Describe the Puritan position

Wanted to separate from the Church of England

Describe the Separatis position

Olmec, Maya, Zapotec, Teotihuacan, Mixtec, and Mexica (or Aztec)

Describe the cultures of Mesoamerica.

Chartered buildings funded by the colonies and crown to give everyone a higher education

Describe the early colleges of the colonies.

the mountainous west, the Great Plains, the Canadian Shield, the varied eastern region, and the Caribbean.

Describe the main regions of North America.

government didn't have a very strong or personal relationship and the government usually let the colonist run their settlements how they wanted, within reason

Describe the relationship between the Colonists and the British Government.

Some of the Colonists were indifferent or even shared space and resources with the Natives, while others only sought to conquer them and steal their land, resources, etc.

Describe the relationship between the Colonists and the Native Americans.

spices, gold, and silk

Describe the resources Europeans were seeking?

People were wealthy and lazy, having all of the money and food they needed to survive many didn't believe they needed a God anymore. Led to the creation of the Halfway Covenant

Describe the state of religion in the Colonies in the 18th

Identity became more unified and diverse, individualism spreading and popular government.

How did the Colonial Identity change during the 18th Century?

Enlightenment led to many trends and discoveries that wouldn't have come to pass otherwise. It also changed the way religion was practiced.

How did the Enlightenment influence the Colonies?

It revitalized the church and made the people want more of a personal involvement. It also led to economic unity, religious indifference, and individualism

How did the Great Awakening influence the Colonies?

Created geopolitical, social, and religious forces that pushed English explorers, colonists, and migrants toward North America

How did the Reformation impact the colonies?

As economy got better and more work was available, they had the money to purchase slaves and it became more common in the other colonies.

How did the economic success of the Colonies impact the development of slavery?

People could stay in one place

How did the use of Agriculture lead to the development of Complex Civilizations?

varied in every colony. Some only watched over them, others wanted control over trade, religion, etc., though that was mostly in the Royal Colonies.

How involved was the British Home government in the colonies? Why?

where a group that pulled, money and resources together to start something; Virginia

Joint Stock Company

where there was a single ruler that interacted with the crown; Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Delaware

Proprietary Colony

: A representative assembly elected by the Colonies with the Power of Purse, meaning they were in charge of money; miniature Parliament and House of Burgesses

Role and Powers Legislatures

A small group, similar to Parliament, who advice the Governor and act as the Upper House of Legislature and High Court.

Role and Powers Ruling Councils

Similar to a president, appointed and enforces the law. They are appointed by the crown, acting as the modern House, Senate, and Congress, and can appoint others into power.

Role and Powers of The Govern

where a settlements primary investment came from the crown and was therefore controlled by the crown. This was the standard of most colonies.

Royal Colony

glory god and gold

What are the 3 Reasons for Colonization?

Artifacts, tools, Architect, bones, etc. left behind by the Ancient people, along with abandoned civilizations such as Serpent Mound, Cahokia, and Pueblo Bonito

What evidence do we have of these early civilizations?

South Western

What is 1/2 of the minor regions to develop complex civilizations

Eastern Woodland

What is 2/2 of the minor regions to develop complex civilizations

Hostile Indians, starvation, poor leadership, lack of government, cannibalism, lack of skills among colonists

What kind of problems did the early economic colonies face?

were stronger and were better off than when they'd started, now having a better understanding of settlements. They had plenty of resources, a steady economy, growing culture, and a government/laws that they were okay with.

What qualities characterize the Colonies at the end of the 17th Century?

As economy got better and more work was available, they had the money to purchase slaves and it became more common in the other colonies.

What was the Enlightenment? Describe important names associated with it.

Land and Agriculture

What was the foundation of the Colonial Economy?

Meso-America

What was the major region to develop complex civilizations

250,000

What was the population of the colonies in 1700?

2 million

What was the population of the colonies in 1770

To survive

What was the primary focus of life in Ancient America?

Mercantilism

What was the primary method of British control of the Colonies?

fishing, shipbuilding, forestry, furs, mills, and metallurgy (metal mining).

What were the major Colonial Industries that developed?

the bering strait land bridge

What were the routes by which humans entered North and South America?

Europeans, American Indians, and Africans

What were the two groups that formed this large labor force?

Natural Increase/Immigration

What were the two ways the colonial population grew?

New England, because they had the most access to materials and resources from trade.

Where did Colonial Industries develop? Why there?

Germany and the British Isles

Where did most Immigrants come from during the 18th Century?

The Spanish, English, and French

Which nations led the move to explore? Why?

Only people who owned property, household, etc

Who had the right to vote in Colonial elections? Why?

they wanted spices, wealth, gold, expand trade routes and change of religion.

Why did Europe begin to explore?

needed to maintain the crop, factories, industry, etc.

Why did the Colonies need a large labor force?

colonists wanted to have more control over their settlements and wanted a say in what happened, so they developed charters and constitutions.

Why did the colonists develop a strong desire for constitutions?