History Final Part 4
In the era immediately following the coup that overthrew Jacobo Árbenz in 1954, how did the United States maintain its influence in Guatemala? The American government annexed Guatemala. The United States reclaimed all land confiscated in reforms. American operatives infiltrated and dissolved communist groups. A CIA appointee headed the new dictatorship.
A CIA appointee headed the new dictatorship.
In what way did the political situation in Vietnam resemble that of Korea in the 1950s? Both Vietnam and Korea were allied with the United States but then shifted allegiance to the Soviet Union. Both Vietnam and Korea were unified, Communist countries who then voted to become democracies. Both Vietnam and Korea were divided and suffered when the South invaded the North. Both Vietnam and Korea were divided into a Communist North and a non-Communist South.
Both Vietnam and Korea were divided into a Communist North and a non-Communist South.
The Korean War began in 1950 when the Soviet Union attacked South Korea. United Nations invaded North Korea. Communist North attacked the non-Communist South. people of Korea rose up against the Japanese.
Communist North attacked the non-Communist South.
In the 1800s, Vietnam was colonized by the European country of ______.
France
Which president established a policy that was named after him and that declared the United States would help any nation resist Communism? John Kennedy Harry Truman Franklin Roosevelt Woodrow Wilson
Harry Truman
Which best describes why Egypt's purchase of weapons from the Soviet Union was significant? It showed that Egypt had no interest in U.S. support. It reflected Egypt's willingness to work with the Soviet Union. It indicated that Egypt sought to join the Warsaw Pact. It reflected Egypt's move toward communism.
It reflected Egypt's willingness to work with the Soviet Union.
The Berlin Wall became a symbol of the Cold War because it was painted in somber colors. literally divided the East and the West. was made of inexpensive building materials. failed to stop the flow of defectors.
literally divided the East and the West.
Which of the following were results of the Korean War? Select all that apply. loss of millions of lives easing of tensions in region greater US concern about the spread of Communism end of communism in Korea unification of Korean peninsula tension between North Korea and the United States
loss of millions of lives greater US concern about the spread of Communism tension between North Korea and the United States
The United Nations was created in 1945 with the purpose of creating a world government. ending World War II. maintaining world peace. stopping the spread of communism.
maintaining world peace.
People who lived in eastern bloc countries after World War II could not hold jobs. participate in government. travel on street cars. send children to school.
participate in government.
The mujahideen were fighters in Afghanistan who rebelled against the communists. marginalized the Muslim population. closed all of the mosques in the nation. requested support from the Soviet Union.
rebelled against the communists.
Which organization was created in the 1940s to help nations resist communist influence? the United Nations the Warsaw Pact the European Union the Organization of American States
the Organization of American States
The two superpowers that opposed each other during the Cold War were the United States and East Germany Italy Japan the Soviet Union
the Soviet Union
Which country launched the first satellite into outer space? the Soviet Union Great Britain Germany the United States
the Soviet Union
Who were the two world superpowers after World War II? Germany and Italy the Soviet Union and the United States Great Britain and the United States the Soviet Union and China
the Soviet Union and the United States
The arms race meant that once the United States built hydrogen bombs, the Soviet Union built them too. world peace had been assured. no other country wanted to build them. a new world war was about to start.
the Soviet Union built them too.
The Cold War was a period of history during which the Allied powers defeated Hitler. the United States and the Soviet Union fought each other. the United States and the Soviet Union mistrusted each other. atomic bombs were dropped for the first time.
the United States and the Soviet Union mistrusted each other.
During the Cold War, what was the Soviet Union's main objective in engaging in proxy wars against the United States? to free colonial countries to empower developing nations to spread communism to end democracy
to spread communism
During the Cold War, what was the stated main objective of the United States in engaging in proxy wars against the Soviet Union? to spread democracy to secure oil reserves to empower developing nations to end socialism
to spread democracy
The Vietcong were rebels in South Vietnam who wanted to rid both North and South Vietnam of Communist influence. spread the Catholic religion throughout Vietnam. overthrow the Communists who controlled the country. unify the South and North under a Communist government.
unify the South and North under a Communist government.
Which terms describe the countries with which the United States and Soviet Union attempted to ally during the proxy wars? Check all that apply. unstable newly industrialized colonial newly independent developing militaristic resource rich
unstable colonial newly independent developing
Tensions rose as the two opposing superpowers competed for resources. weapons. troops. leaders.
weapons
Which Cold War event happened last? Germany is divided. The Berlin Wall is built. The Korean War starts. The Warsaw Pact is formed.
The Berlin Wall is built.
Egypt nationalized the Suez Canal during the Suez Crisis. What does this mean? The Egyptian government took control of the canal. The Egyptian people took control of the canal. An Egyptian company took control of the canal. The Egyptian government sold the canal to new owners.
The Egyptian government took control of the canal.
Why did President Jimmy Carter believe that the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan posed a significant threat? The Soviet invasion began to destabilize the region. The Soviet invasion was likely to expand into neighboring countries. The Soviet invasion undermined the U.S.-led alliance in the region. The Soviet invasion was likely to bring economic ruin to the region.
The Soviet invasion was likely to expand into neighboring countries.
How did the U.S. role in the Nicaraguan civil war change in 1982? The U.S. government stopped official funding for the Contras. The U.S. government acknowledged the legitimacy of the Nicaraguan government. The U.S. government supported Iran's intervention to stop communist insurgents. The U.S. government began mass shipments of weapons to Nicaragua.
The U.S. government stopped official funding for the Contras.
How did Guatemalan policy most affect U.S. interests? Guatemala had a large American expatriate community. U.S. companies owned a large proportion of Guatemala's land. Guatemala had vast oil reserves desired by U.S. companies. The United States feared Guatemalan influence in El Salvador.
U.S. companies owned a large proportion of Guatemala's land.
Which countries were made permanent members of the UN's Security Council in 1945? Select all that apply. United States Germany Japan Italy Soviet Union France Great Britain China
United States Soviet Union France Great Britain China
In which way did the Vietnam War and the Korean War end differently? The war in Korea ended with little bloodshed, in contrast with Vietnam. Vietnam was united, while Korea remained divided. Korea became Communist, while Vietnam became non-Communist. Vietnam remained divided, while Korea was united.
Vietnam was united, while Korea remained divided.
The Berlin blockade was intended to bring _______ under control of the Soviet Union.
West Berlin
Which of the following best describes NATO? a branch of the United Nations whose aim was world peace a military alliance of the United States and other non-Communist nations a military alliance of the Soviet Union and other Communist nations an informal name for the alliance known as the Warsaw Pact
a military alliance of the United States and other non-Communist nations
Which description best characterized the divisions within Guatemalan society during much of the civil war? a struggle between corporate and public interests a struggle between Europeans and mestizos a struggle between rich and poor a struggle between the government and the military
a struggle between rich and poor
To stop the spread of Communism after World War II, the United States established a policy known as ______.
containment
Which of the following phrases best describes West Germany after World War II? Communist government democratic government aligned with Soviet Union command economy
democratic government
The inset on the map shows that Berlin was located in West Germany. divided just as Germany was divided. under the control of the Soviet Union. under the control of the United States.
divided just as Germany was divided.
Which best describes how a proxy war differs from a traditional war? The opposing powers in a proxy war engage in a propaganda war. The opposing powers in a proxy war use others to fight on their behalf. The opposing powers in a proxy war use trade and economic means to fight each other. The opposing powers in a proxy war never openly acknowledge their involvement.
The opposing powers in a proxy war use others to fight on their behalf.
How did the Soviets respond when East Berliners defected to the West in large numbers? They built a wall separating East and West Berlin. They declared they were happy to see the defectors go. They asked the West to build a wall to divide Berlin. They provided transportation to allow the defectors to go quickly.
They built a wall separating East and West Berlin.
Which statement best describes the United States and the Soviet Union during World War II? They had nothing to do with each other. They were on opposite sides. They were both members of the Axis. They were both members of the Allies.
They were both members of the Allies.
The closest the world came to war during the Cold War was when the Soviet Union placed missiles on the Caribbean island of _______.
Cuba
By engaging in proxy wars, were the United States and the Soviet Union able to avoid involving their own military forces? Why or why not? No, both countries deployed large parts of their military forces to fight under the flag of another country. Yes, the U.S. military never directly engaged in these proxy wars. No, both countries still fought in proxy wars but not directly against each other. Yes, by definition, a proxy war means that there was no direct involvement of either nation.
No, both countries still fought in proxy wars but not directly against each other.
"For the future of peace, precipitate withdrawal would thus be a disaster of immense magnitude. —A nation cannot remain great if it betrays its allied and lets down its friends. —Our defeat and humiliation in South Vietnam without question would promote recklessness in the councils of those great powers who have not yet abandoned their goals of world conquest. —This would spark violence wherever our commitments help maintain the peace—in the Middle East, in Berlin, eventually even in the Western Hemisphere . . . For these reasons, I rejected the recommendation that I should end the war by immediately withdrawing all of our forces." What foreign policy direction does the President say the United States should follow? The US should withdraw its military forces from Vietnam as quickly as is possible. The US should not withdraw from Vietnam, because that would cause problems elsewhere. The US should turn its attention from Vietnam to the Middle East, Berlin, and the Western Hemisphere. The goal of US foreign policy, if American troops leave Vietnam, should be one of world conquest.
The US should not withdraw from Vietnam, because that would cause problems elsewhere.
Given that the Soviet Union fought in Afghanistan, why was it considered a proxy war? The Soviet Union answered the Afghans' request for help. The mujahedeen fought on behalf of the United States. The combatants in the war represented myriad interests. The United States did not directly engage in battle.
The United States did not directly engage in battle.
Which Cold War event happened last? The Korean War ends. Sputnik is launched. The Vietnam War ends. The Cuban Missile Crisis takes place.
The Vietnam War ends.
Which of the following statements describes how the crisis in Berlin in 1948-1949 was concluded? Berlin was united and made a part of East Germany. The West built a wall to keep the two parts of the city separate. The blockade was lifted, and Berlin remained divided. The United States withdrew its forces from West Berlin.
The blockade was lifted, and Berlin remained divided.
Read this passage about the partition of Korea. "The partition of Korea into two zones dominates the political and economic life of the peninsular. The division of Korea at the 38th parallel has turned into a hard and fast boundary which cuts off all intercourse between the northern and southern halves of the country, except for the exchange of mail and the transfer of surplus electric power from North to South Korea." -The Situation in Korea, 1947 Report The passage says that the partition of Korea divided the land but left the Korean economy running well. encouraged communications between the two parts of the country. divided the country, both in its political and economic life. discouraged Communism from spreading into Korea from China.
divided the country, both in its political and economic life.
What was the name of the theory that said that if one country in a region fell to Communism, others would surely follow? domino theory arms race brinkmanship containment theory
domino theory
After World War II, the Soviet Union turned many of the countries of Eastern Europe into _______ states.
satellite
Which is a common tactic used in proxy wars? encouraging opposing powers' citizens to emigrate sponsoring wars of liberation and revolutions controlling another country secretly buying weapons in preparation for domestic warfare
sponsoring wars of liberation and revolutions
Intercontinental ballistic missiles made it possible for a country possessing them to shoot down enemy airplanes. strike targets far away. launch satellites into space. detect enemy troops at night.
strike targets far away.
During the 1980s, profit from the sale of weapons to Iran was used to stop the communists in Costa Rica. start a proxy war in El Salvador. support the Contras in Nicaragua. stage a coup d'état in Guatemala.
support the Contras in Nicaragua.
