History Midterm

5. Great League of Peace

Confederation of five Iroquois tribes

8. patroons

Dutch landowners of large estates

John Locke

English Enlightenment political philosopher

4. Anglicization

a. elites in America becoming more culturally English

1. Virtue

ability to sacrifice self-interest for the public good

11. slave trade

abolished in 1808

2. freedom petitions

action slaves took for their immediate release

10. Bill of Rights

amendments

1. Charter of Liberties

g. English demanded this over their former Dutch rulers

8. indentured servant

gave 5-7 years of service for passage to America

6. headright system America

granted fifty acres to anyone who paid his own passage

11. Covenant Chain

h. agreement between New York and Iroquois

10. Quakers

i. believed in the equality of all persons

8. Navigation Act

j. law that regulated the shipping and selling of colonial products

5. Bacon's Rebellion

k. the poor of Virginia demand change

7. King Philip's War

l. war between New Englanders and Indians

10. haciendas

large-scale farm owned by a Spanish landlord

6. suffrage

the right to vote

9. matrilineal

society centered on the mother's family

Olaudah Equiano

survived the Middle Passage

7. free labor

working for wages, or owning a farm or shop

11. Magna Carta

written in 1215, this document was said to embody English freedom

Jonathan Edwards

wrote Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God

3. Royal African Company

e. had a monopoly on the slave trade

5. The Federalist

essays that generated support for Constitutional ratification

9. militia

"School of political democracy"

William Pitt

British prime minister

10. Moravian Brethren

Revolution undermined church authority among this group

7. Black Legend

Spanish brutality

3. New Laws

Spanish reform measures toward Indians

2. coverture"

a married woman surrendering her legal identity

12. Levellers

a political movement favoring expanded liberties

10. Half-Way Covenant

a religious compromise for the descendants of the Great Migration

12. Glorious Revolution

d. placed William of Orange on the English throne

2. Federalism

division of powers

6. virtual representation

each member of Parliament represented the entire empire

4. Committee of Correspondence

exchanged ideas about resistance

9. West Jersey Concessions

f. a very liberal frame for government

8. patriots

fighting for the American cause

9. House of Burgesses

first elected assembly in colonial

9. Saratoga

first significant American victory

1. Articles of Confederation

first written American constitution

5. Mayflower Compact

first written frame of government in British America

Junípero Serra

founded the first mission in San Diego

James Oglethorpe

founder of Georgia

Benjamin Franklin

founder of the Junto, a club for mutual improvement

4. mestizos

persons of mixed Spanish and Indian origin

4. tobacco

primary crop of the Chesapeake colonies

11. Sierra Leone

settlement in Africa for freed slaves

7. three-fifths clause

slave compromise

2. an Act Concerning Religion

principles of religious toleration

4. Ladies' Association

raised funds to assist American soldiers

11. homespun virtue

refusal to buy British goods

5. Quebec Act

religious tolerance for Catholics

5. Republican motherhood

responsible for raising the next generation of leaders

3. Loyalists

retained their allegiance to the crown

Somerset case

ruled slavery unlawful in England

4. checks and balances

separation of powers

John Peter Zenger

German-born printer of a colonial weekly journal

George Whitefield

Great Awakening preacher

Pontiac

Ottawa war leader

6. criollos

Person born in the Spanish colonies of European ancestry

12. popery

an offensive term for the rituals of the Catholic Church

11. mound builders

ancient residents of the Mississippi Valley region

8. Treaty of Greenville

annuity system

3. Puritans

argued the Church of England was still too Catholic

Trenchard and Gordon

authors of Cato's Letters

6. Toleration Act

b. allowed Protestant Dissenters to worship freely in England

7. Quakers

believed the spirit of God dwelled in all persons

8. East India Company

beneficiary of the Tea Act

12. Ethiopian regiment

black loyalist forces

2. mercantilism

c. government regulation of the nation's economy (to assure national power)

1. Virginia Company

charter company that established Jamestown

9. Naturalization Act 1790

citizenship limited to whites only

10. Loyalists

colonists who were loyal to Britain

2. Sons of Liberty

organized by Samuel Adams

3. Common Sense

pamphlet that argued for American independence

1. Columbian Exchange

transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between New and Old Worlds

3. Virginia Plan

two houses based on proportional representation

6. New Jersey Plan

unicameral system

12. Pueblo Revolt

uprising against Spanish colonists in New Spain

William Cosby

victim of Zenger's pen

1. Stamp Act

viewed by colonists as a major violation of liberty

7. Regulators

wealthy South Carolina backcountry residents