History Multiple Choice 3
In the 1860s, the US engaged in the Plains War with the a. Lakotas. b. Zunis. c. Iroquois. d. Cherokees.
a. Lakotas.
Frederick Jackson Turner was the a. Scout for the Fremont Expedition to California. b. Senator who negotiated a treaty with the Cherokee. c. Historian who described the history of American westward expansion in relation to the frontier. d. British sea captain who first contacted the Chinook people, establishing trade with the Pacific Northwest.
c. Historian who described the history of American westward expansion in relation to the frontier.
The Spanish name for "fort" is a. Fuerte. b. Forte. c. Presidio. d. Puente.
c. Presidio.
Mandans and Hidatsas saw the US as possible allies against their enemies, a. Cherokees. b. Apaches. c. Comanches. d. Lakotas.
d. Lakotas.
The number of Mexicans who were admitted into the US as a result of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is approximately a. 75,000. b. 50,000. c. 25,000. d. 10,000.
a. 75,000.
In the US, the Mexican American War was criticized because it a. All of these. b. Put into question the nation's democratic principles. c. Was looked at as a way to expand slavery to new territories. d. Was the nation's first war of choice.
a. All of these.
The general on the Mexican side of the Texas Revolution was a. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna. b. .Juan Bautista de Remangarde c. Carlos Gutierrez d. Luis Jose de Santa Rincon
a. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna.
The artist Alfred Miller depicted Native Americans hunting buffalo by a. Driving them over a cliff to their deaths. b. Stalking them with spears. c. Chasing them until they were tired and gave up. d. Shooting them with rifles.
a. Driving them over a cliff to their deaths.
The Spanish attempted to control the West Coast and curtail Russian exploration and conquest by a. Establishing a series of missions and forts along the Pacific. b. SIgning a trade agreement with Russia. c. Creating "peace settlements" with the Native peoples. d. Distributing horses to the Native peoples.
a. Establishing a series of missions and forts along the Pacific.
All Americans accepted that the border should be set at 49°40". a. FALSE b. TRUE
a. FALSE
Chinook jargon was "a less than ideal fit" for the negotiations between the United States and the Natives of the Pacific Northwest because it a. Had a limited vocabulary and the negotiations were far too delicate and specific. b. Was not spoken by American negotiators. c. Was not a local language, and none of the Natives of the Pacific Northwest spoke it. d. Was only spoken by the Chinook and no other Natives of the Pacific Northwest.
a. Had a limited vocabulary and the negotiations were far too delicate and specific.
The Natives who lived in earthen villages were the a. Hidatsa. b. Lakotas. c. Apaches. d. Comanches.
a. Hidatsa.
In Native American history, the "Long Walk" refers to a. Kit Carson's forced relocation of the Navajo Indians from their native territories in 1864-65. b. The movement of the Comanche people from the Rocky Mountains into the Great Plains. c. The migration of Chinook-speaking people north all the way to Alaska. d. The forced migration of the Cherokee from the southeast into Oklahoma.
a. Kit Carson's forced relocation of the Navajo Indians from their native territories in 1864-65.
Before the Americans arrived in the "West," the area had already been transformed by the a. Spanish and British. b. Irish and Scots. c. Swedes and Danes. d. Germans and Italians.
a. Spanish and British.
Texas gained independence from Mexico in 1836 following a victory at a. The Battle of San Jacinto. b. The Alamo. c. The Battle of the Sierra Madre Mountains. d. The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
a. The Battle of San Jacinto.
An early example of "ethnic cleansing," according to many scholars, is a. The Indian Removal Act. b. Mexico's War of Independence from Spain. c. The war between the United States and Mexico. d. The establecimento de paz.
a. The Indian Removal Act.
Brigham Young was the leader of a. The Mormons in Utah. b. The US military in the Southwest. c. The Methodist missions in the Lakota territory. d. The Texas rangers in the 1830s.
a. The Mormons of Utah.
Slaves prices increased 100% between 1850 and 1860 due to a. The rise of the cotton kingdom. b. Inflation. c. Fewer slaves were offered to sale. d. Slave owners held on to their "property."
a. The rise of the cotton kingdom.
Through treaties that disadvantaged them, the Cherokee lost a. Three-quarters of their land. b. One half of their land. c. One-third of their land. d. Just a small portion of their land.
a. Three-quarters of their land.
Why did the Apache negotiate establecimientos de paz, peace settlements, with the Spanish? a. To stop the Apache from raiding Spanish settlement b. To get Apache women for the Spanish c. To make trade with the Apache in fur pelts d. To help the Spanish fight the Comaches
a. To stop the Apache from raiding Spanish settlement
In the Oregon border dispute, Britain wanted to avoid conflict with the US because it a. Was the US's largest trading partner. b. Lost two wars to the US. c. Feared it would lose its West Indies colonies. d. Feared the US Navy.
a. Was the US's largest trading partner.
The US and Mexico battled over a land mass of a. 12 million square miles. b. 1.5 million square miles. c. 150,000 square miles. d. 800 square miles.
b. 1.5 million square miles.
The historian Frederick Jackson Turner suggested that the history of the westward expansion of the United States could be described as a. A "legacy of conquest." b. A continually advancing frontier line that moved from east to west. c. A web of interconnected events with long lasting and unforeseen effects. d. Manifest Destiny.
b. A continually advancing frontier line that moved from east to west.
Bosque Redondo was a. One of the establecimento de paz's of Mexico in the Southwest. b. A reservation where Navajo Indians were kept to make room for white settlers on their lands. c. The fort that fell during the Battle of San Jacinto. d. The place where Mexican troops slaughtered 169 Apache in the northwest Mexican borderland.
b. A reservation where Navajo Indians were kept to make room from white settlers on their lands.
Horses changed the life of Native peoples on the Great Plains because a. Horses allowed them to hunt buffalo more easily and safely. b. All of these. c. Horses allowed them to carry more goods and possessions. d. Some peoples, such as the Lakota, abandoned farming to hunt exclusively the buffalo.
b. All of these
An aspect of American culture that the Cherokee adopted was a. The cultivation of commercial crops. b. All of these. c. A written constitution and code of laws. d. The use of enslaved African Americans as a labor force.
b. All of these.
When it was certain that the US would win the war with Mexico, President Polk felt that the United States should a. Annex 10 of the provinces of northern Mexico, including Texas and California. b. Annex just the sparsely inhabited territories on the borderlands with the United States. c. Acquire Mexico and turn it into a colony of the United States. d. Annex Mexican territory all the way to Mexico City and then create a new border.
b. Annex just the sparsely inhabited territories on the borderlands with the United States.
Fort Tucson was the site of peace negotiations between the Spanish and the a. Comanches. b. Apaches. c. Mandan. d. Lakotas.
b. Apaches.
The Pictorial Autobiography of Half Moon, a Sioux Chief was a ledger book found by a journalist a. During the Lewis and Clark Expedition and brought to Thomas Jefferson. b. At the Battle of Little Big Horn. c. After the Battle of Wounded Knee. d. During the Lewis and Clark Expedition, brought to Charles Wilson Peale, and displayed in his natural history museum.
b. At the Battle of Little Big Horn.
Winning the Mexican American War upset the a. Urban cities of the North. b. Balance over slavery's limits. c. Discovery of gold. d. Republicans.
b. Balance over the slavery's limits.
A Native group which some scholars refer to as "an indigenous empire" is the a. Lakota. b. Comanche. c. Cherokee. d. Apache.
b. Comanche.
The Mormons were initially not interested in being a part of the US but wanted to form a theocracy called a. Mormonia. b. Deseret. c. Latter Day Saints. d. Independencia.
b. Deseret.
The mission system in California was established by the a. Dominicans. b. Franciscans. c. Jesuits. d. Templars.
b. Franiscans
While the French, British, Americans, and Natives of the Pacific Northwest traded many things, the global trade product that they were most interested in trading was a. Gold. b. Fur pelts. c. Shells and limestone. d. Fish.
b. Fur pelts.
The author of the doctrine of "civil disobedience" was a. Frederick Jackson Turner. b. Henry David Thoreau. c. Frederick Douglass. d. Abraham Lincoln.
b. Henry David Thoreau.
The company which controlled the fur trade in the Northwest Territory was the a. Furs Trading & Co. b. Hudson Bay Company. c. Furs, Hides, and Skins. d. Columbia Bay Company.
b. Hudson Bay Company.
James K. Polk precipitated the Mexican American War by ordering American troops a. To San Diego, California. b. Into the disputed border zone between the Rio Grande and the Nueces River. c. To camp on the south side of the Nueces River. d. To remain Just north of Santa Fe, New Mexico.
b. Into the disputed border zone between the Rio Grande and the Nueces River.
In order to counter Indian raids and create stability in their northern province of Texas, the Mexican government a. Declared all-out war on the Comanches in 1836. b. Invited Anglo-Americans to settle the province. c. Exchanged the province to the United States for California. d. None of these.
b. Invited Anglo-American to settle the province.
The phrase the "vilest miscreants of the savage race... the pirates of the Missouri" was used by Lewis and Clark to describe the a. Apache. b. Lakota. c. Mandan. d. Comanche.
b. Lakota.
John Gast's painting American Progress symbolizes the ideology of a. Temperance. b. Manifest Destiny. c. Abolitionism. d. Republicanism.
b. Manifest Destiny.
Most weakened by war with the Comanche was a. Deseret. b. Mexico. c. The United States. d. The Bear Flag Republic.
b. Mexico.
The Lakota referred to the horse as a. Big dog. b. Mystery dog. c. Big deer. d. Buffalo hunter.
b. Mystery dog.
According to the Apache, there was a difference between raiding and warfare. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
Comanche raiding routes extended through northern Mexico all the way to Mexico City. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
During the wars with the Indians on the Great Plains, the United States military relied on scouts from opposing Indian nations. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
Some missions included a school for Native children. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
Texas Rangers hunted and killed Mexican "bandits." a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
The Lakota transformed from refugees to a powerful, firearm-equipped culture centered around buffalo hunting. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
The Lakota were successful in limiting US trade in the northern Great Plains from the time of Lewis and Clark and for many decades. a. FALSE b. TRUE
b. TRUE
The two nations that established permanent outposts in the Northwest Territory were a. The US and Alaska. b. The US and Great Britain. c. Russia and Great Britain. d. Russia and the US.
b. The US and Great Britain.
The doctrine of "Manifest Destiny" means a. Legal slavery should "manifestly" be the rule of law in the western United States. b. The United States must bring under its sovereignty all of the land west of the eastern states all the way to the Pacific coast. c. White people are "destined" to become the rulers of colored people. d. Democracy is the only legitimate government that should exist in the western hemisphere.
b. The United States must bring under its sovereignty all of the land west of the eastern states all the way to the Pacific coast.
Raids by Native Americans into Mexico made US conquest of northern Mexico easier because a. Native Americans were allies with the US and staged raids meant to support the conquest of Mexico. b. The raids weakened Mexican defenses and made Mexican citizens ambivalent towards the Mexican government. c. Native Americans moved in from the south while US forces attacked from the north, dividing the Mexican army. d. Native American raids caused the border dispute in Texas that led to war between the US and Mexico.
b. The raids weakened Mexicans defenses and made Mexican citizens ambivalent towards the Mexican government.
The name of the treaty that ended the war between the US and Mexico is the a. Treaty of Guadalajara. b. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. c. Taylor-Scott Agreement. d. Treaty of San Antonio.
b. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
The process through which Texas was admitted into the Union was a. None of these. b. Congress passed a constitutional amendment and the states approved it. c. A majority of Congress favored adding Texas to the Union and passed a joint resolution to do so. d. President Polk wanted Texas and signed an executive order which allowed Texas to join the United States.
c. A majority of Congress favored adding Texas the the Union and passed a joint resolution to do so.
In accordance with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, the percentage of territory Mexico ceded to the United States was a. About 25 percent. b. A little over 60 percent. c. About 50 percent. d. Less than 20 percent.
c. About 50 percent.
Which of the following is true about Cherokee Indians? a. They became successful farmers and merchants. b. They tried to adopt white people's ways. c. All of these d. They owned African slaves.
c. All of these
If Anglo Americans wanted to settle in Texas in the 1820s, they were required to a. Have "steady habits." b. Use Spanish in all of their business transactions. c. All of these. d. Become Catholic.
c. All of these.
The United States faced many challenges when it gained over one million square miles of territory from Mexico including a. Citizenship and rights of former Mexican citizens now in US territory. b. What to do with religious diversity such as Native spirituality and Mormonism. c. All of these. d. What form of labor, slave or free, would spread into the newly acquired territories.
c. All of these.
Geronimo was a. The Lakota chief who led his people into Canada. b. The name of a famous Mexican bandit who raided the Texas frontier after the Lone Star Republic was established. c. An Apache leader. d. A Comanche leader.
c. An Apache Leader.
In order, from greatest to least, the population of Texas in 1827 was comprised of a. Tejanos, African slaves and Anglo Americans equally. b. Tejanos, Anglo Americans and African slaves. c. Anglo Americans, Tejanos and African slaves. d. African slaves, Tejanos and Anglo Americans.
c. Anglo Americans, Tejanos and African slaves.
The leader of the Mexican government who tried to suspend major provisions of the Constitution of 1824 was a. Vicente Guerrero. b. Juan de Seguin. c. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna. d. Lorenzo de Zavala.
c. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna.
The author Jacoby notes that the British received support during the Revolutionary War from the a. Lakota. b. Cree. c. Cherokee. d. Comanche.
c. Cherokee.
The Spanish were motivated to establish missions in California because they wanted to a. Exploit the gold fields in California. b. Create an alternative Pacific port to Acapulco. c. Counter Russian exploration and interest in California. d. Develop the beaver fur trade in California.
c. Counter Russian exploration and interest in California.
Prior to the arrival of the horse, the only domesticated animal used by Native peoples of the plains to assist their daily lives was a. Buffalo. b. Cattle. c. Dogs. d. Mules.
c. Dogs
The "Trail of Tears" refers to the a. Path marched by Mormons on their way to their new settlement near the Great Salt Lake. b. Comanche invasions into Mexico. c. Forced removal of thousands of Cherokee and other Indians who were marched over 1,000 miles to present-day Oklahoma. d. War between Texas and Mexico.
c. Forced removal of thousands of Cherokee and other Indians who were marched over 1,000 miles to present-day Oklahoma.
The Ojibwe and Cree were able to push the Lakota out of their original homeland in the early 1700s by a. Gaining access to horses. b. Convincing their French trading partners to push out the Lakota. c. Gaining firearms from trading with the French. d. Winning American-style cavalry battles.
c. Gaining firearms from trading with the French.
The technological change brought by the Spanish to North America that radically changed the way of life for Indians, especially on the Great Plains, was a. Iron pots and pans. b. Town and city building. c. Horses. d. Bison.
c. Horses.
The United States and Great Britain resolved their territorial disputes over the Pacific Northwest a. In the War of 1812. b. Through Manifest Destiny. c. In 1848 when the present border between the US and Canada was negotiated and created. d. Peace treaties with the Native groups.
c. In 1848 when the present border between the US and Canada was negotiated and created.
In the year 1847, the US occupied a foreign capital for the first time -- a. Havanna. b. Manila. c. Mexico City. d. Quebec.
c. Mexico City.
"Fifty-four Forty or Fight" was the war cry for the a. Mexican American War. b. Texas Revolution. c. Oregon border dispute. d. Indian wars in the Great Plains.
c. Oregon border dispute.
The person who predicted that the Mexican American War will "poison us" is a. Henry David Thoreau. b. Frederick Douglass. c. Ralph Waldo Emerson. d. Abraham Lincoln.
c. Ralph Waldo Emerson.
In 1775, a Native revolt, in which most mission buildings were burned and several priests were killed, happened in the Spanish settlement of a. Tucson. b. Fronteras. c. San Diego. d. Janos.
c. San Diego
The man who tried to help Anglo American Texans to integrate into the Mexican government by translating Mexican laws into English was a. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna. b. Juan de Seguin. c. Stephen F. Austin. d. Lorenzo Zavala.
c. Stephen F. Austin.
In the 1830s before it became a part of the US, Texas was called a. The Lone Star Territory b. Texas (the name of their country). c. The Lone Star Republic. d. The United Provinces of Texas.
c. The Lone Star Republic.
One way the Lewis and Clark Expedition knew they were drawing closer to the Pacific Coast was that a. Existing maps reflected it. b. They encountered European forts. c. The Native peoples they encountered were often wearing European clothing and equipped with European weapons. d. They encountered European traders who dressed and lived among the Natives.
c. The Native peoples they encountered were often wearing European clothing and equipped with European weapons.
Who was William Lloyd Garrison? a. The editor of De Bow's Review. b. A colleague of John Brown, who did not survive the attack on Harper's Ferry. c. The editor of the abolitionist newspaper, The Liberator. d. A senator from New York who helped elect Abraham Lincoln.
c. The editor of the abolitionist newspaper, The Liberator.
At first, Anglos and Tejanos wanted to rebel against Mexico primarily because they a. Wanted to become part of the United States. b. Had little protection from Comanche raiders. c. Were frustrated with the central Mexican government. d. Wanted to create their own independent nation.
c. Were frustrated with the central Mexican government.
Russia ceded its claim to the Northwest Territory in a. 1925. b. 1862. c. 1848. d. 1825.
d. 1825.
The Spanish mission system in California lasted a. 70 years. b. 20 years. c. 10 years.. d. 60 years.
d. 60 years.
In the 1820s, the Cherokee Sequoyah is credited with having developed a. The Cherokee's use of African slaves for labor. b. Cultivation of cash crops by the Cherokee. c. The domestication of pigs and cattle by the Cherokee. d. A Cherokee "syllabary" used as the Cherokee's native written language.
d. A Cherokee "syllabary" used as the Cherokee's native written language.
John Ridge was a. An Apache warrior. b. A Lakota chief. c. A Comanche medicine man. d. A Cherokee leader.
d. A Cherokee leader.
The statement which best describes the typical yeoman farmer in the South prior to the Civil War is a. They worked small subsistence farms. b. They typically owned no slaves. c. They typically only grew small amounts of cash crops. d. All of these
d. All of these
The Comanche Empire a. Was the most powerful Native group in the Southwest. b. Dominated North Mexico and West Texas. c. Was based on the horse culture. d. All of these.
d. All of these.
What was an effect of increased Comanche and Apache raids on Mexican settlements? a. Many northern Mexican settlements were abandoned. b. Mexico encouraged foreigners to settle in Texas. c. The Mexican military was greatly weakened in northern Mexico. d. All of these.
d. All of these.
Mormons eventually settled a. In upstate New York. b. Just west of the Missouri River in the Dakotas. c. Near the Grand Canyon. d. Around the Great Salt Lake.
d. Around the Great Salt Lake.
The Natives who served as scouts to the US to find the Lakotas in the 1860s Indian War were the a. Seminoles. b. Cherokees. c. Crees. d. Crows.
d. Crows.
When Lewis and Clark arrived in the Pacific Northwest, they were surprised how much the Natives were familiar with a. Russian. b. Spanish. c. Latin. d. English.
d. English.
The Mexican Cession of 1848 caused great problems for the US mostly because . a. Indigenous groups started a civil war in the newly acquired territories. b. Mexico continued to invade the region. c. Mexican Americans in the new territories revolted against American rule. d. It upset the balance of free and slave states.
d. It upset the balance of free and slave states.
Which US president advocated expanding US territory north in the Oregon border dispute? a. Abraham Lincoln b. Benjamin Harrison c. Thomas Jefferson d. James K. Polk
d. James K. Polk
The accomplished hunters of buffalo on the Great Plains were a. Cherokees. b. Crows. c. Apaches. d. Lakotas.
d. Lakotas.
Francis Kemble called which group of people "the most degraded race of human beings claiming an Anglo-Saxon origin that can be found on the face of the earth." a. Wealthy plantation owners with dozens, even hundreds of slaves. b. Middling slave owners with a dozen or so slaves. c. Small farmers with only a few slaves. d. Non-slaveholding Whites
d. Non-slaveholding Whites
Congress was persuaded to declare war on Mexico by a. President John Tyler. b. President John Buchanan. c. President Abraham Lincoln. d. President James K. Polk.
d. President James K. Polk
The phrase "American blood was shed upon American soil" was uttered by a. Frederick Jackson Turner. b. Ralph Waldo Emerson. c. Abraham Lincoln. d. President James K. Polk.
d. President James K. Polk.
The Indian Removal Act, signed by President Andrew Jackson in 1830 a. Forced 6,000 Cherokee to move to Texas. b. Forced the Lakota out of their native lands. c. Set aside funds and forced the Iroquois and other tribes to move east of the Mississippi. d. Set aside funds and forced the Cherokee and other tribes to move west of the Mississippi.
d. Set aside funds and forced the Cherokee and other tribes to move west of the Mississippi.
Cherokees were so influenced by European culture that they even practiced a. Sailing. b. Rodeos. c. Country dancing. d. Slavery.
d. Slavery.
The establecimientos de paz were peace settlements between the a. United States and the Cherokee. b. United States and the Cree. c. Spanish and the Lakota. d. Spanish and the Apache.
d. Spanish and the Apache.
When the US launched military attacks against Mexico, the scenario consisted of a. Zachary Taylor attacking California; Winfield Scott marching from Texas to Mexico City, and Stephen Kearney capturing the port of Vera Cruz and marching inland to join the forces of Scott at Mexico City. b. Zachary Taylor marching an army from Texas directly through northern Mexico to Mexico City with Stephen Kearney holding his northern flank, and Winfield Scott capturing Mexico's major port at Vera Cruz. c. Winfield Scott assaulting Vera Cruz by sea and quickly marching inland to capture the Mexican capital in Mexico City while Stephen Kearney and Zachary Taylor were holding Texas and New Mexico. d. Stephen Kearney attacking California; Zachary Taylor marching from Texas into northern Mexico, and Winfield Scott orchestrating a naval attack at Vera Cruz and marching to Mexico City.
d. Stephen Kearney attacking California; Zachary Taylor marching from Texas into northern Mexico, and Winfield Scott orchestrating a naval attack at Vera Cruz and marching to Mexico City.
Americans remember the Alamo because a. It demonstrates the racial differences between the Tejanos and the Americans. b. The battle of the Alamo shows the strength of our nation against aggressive nations such as Mexico. c. The heroic stories of Davy Crockett and others fuel our patriotic spirit. d. The Alamo places the US in the role of the victim instead of the aggressor.
d. The Alamo places the US in the role of the victim instead of the aggressor.
The US and Britain fought the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812; in addition, author Jacoby notes that these two nations may have fought a third war over disputed boundaries in a. Texas. b. California. c. The American Southwest. d. The Pacific Northwest.
d. The Pacific Northwest.
European explorers in the 1770s, such as James Cook, were originally searching for a. Legendary lost cities of gold. b. Beaver pelts for trading. c. A thriving marine ecosystem for commercial fishing. d. The legendary Northwest Passage linking the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.
d. The legendary Northwest Passage linking the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.
