history of law enforcement vocab

O.W. Willson

A student of Vollmer's who advocated for law enforcement agencies to employ technological advances, such as motorized patrols. effective radio communications, and rapid response to aid effective crime fighting.

Bobbies

British police force whose primary goal was the prevention of crime. Named after Sir Robert Peel, who introduced the legislation that created the force.

Police

Entrusted to serve and protect the public, and to control and prevent crime.

Pharaoh Hur Moheb

Established the first recorded police organization in Egypt around 1340 B.C.

Justice of the peace

In 1326, the shire reeve was replaced with the office of the justice of peace.

night watch system

In England, the night watch system provided citizens with protection from crime. During times of duress, the men on watch would raise the hue and cry to summon assistance from the citizens of the community or, in the case of a larger community, from others already on watch. The watch standards were equipped with various signaling devises including bells, ratchets, and rattles.

tithing

In the frank-pledge system every male over twelve years of age was required to form a group of ten families called a "tithing"

Constables

Local level individuals who assisted the shire reeve and organized posses to chase and apprehend criminals

Reform Era

wanted to take law enforcement out of politics, introduce modern technology to make law enforcement more efficient, and establish policies administrative boards that were responsible for appointing police administrators and controlling police affairs.

August Vollmer

was know as the most famous police reformer in the early part of the twentieth century. He believed the police should be a professional force.

Law Enforcement

The most visible representatives of the criminal justice system; typically citizens' most common and direct contact with law enforcement.

Shire reeves

The top law enforcement official, who was the forerunner of the american sheriff.

Frankpledge system

a form of community policing instituted by king william in 1066

Spoils

a system that used political power to hire supporters and fire those considered disloyal. this led to a period of incompetent , corrupt, and disliked police force.

Politeria

the Greek word that police is derived from

peelers

another name for the "bobbies" because of sir Roberts peel's influence in creating the force.

Henry fielding

A London magistrate who, in 1748, formed a group of law enforcement agents to apprehend criminals and recover stolen property from the entertainment district. They were called the "bow street runners".

Sir robert peel

A member in the English Parliament in 1829, who lead the mandating of a publicly funded police force throughout England via the London metropolitan police act. He also advocated the 12 principles of policing.

Political era

1840's to 1920's: the period when police agencies were first established to provide a unified law enforcement force in the major american cities.

Professional era

1920's to 1980's: the period when there was a call for the establishment of measures to assist law enforcement agencies to prove their effectiveness and become more official.

Community model era

1970's to the present: the period when it was advocated for law enforcement to move away from the crime-fighting focus of law enforcement towards a greater emphasis on maintaining order and providing services to the community.

Shires

Ten "tithing" were grouped together to form a hundred, and these consolidated groups were called tithing.