History of Visual Communications Exam II

Maker: F. T. Marinetti Title: Zang Tumb Tumb Date: 1914 Style: Futurism Format: book cover

- "Free Word Play" — came up with this idea - The masterpiece of the words in freedom style - Mostly a poet, but he wasn't an artist or designer - Spoke about the war that affected his vision of poetry and typography - Wanting to liberate words & drag them out of prison - Aesthetic of violence & blood — what he was about futurism - All about the machine. the war, chaos, blood, violence - Thought that war was necessary to clean out humanity once in a while - Describing sounds in the form of letterforms - Pre-computer — literally cutting and pasting; a lot was hand lettered - Came up with Futurism

Maker: A. M. Cassandre Title: L'Intransigeant newspaper Date: 1925 Style: Art Deco Format: poster

- "The uncompromising" — they're all about truth - A figure shouting out, with telegraph lines coming out of the ears - Getting the news right away, & they're getting it right out - Crops the name of the newspaper; people would still recognize what it's for - A modern thing to do — involving the viewer as actively participating - Telegraph — modern communication - A female figure for France as a symbol of liberty - A poster that's been stripped down — very little text; suggestive - Diagonals that sharply come in

Maker: Vasily Kandinsky Ttile: "Warum/Why?" in Klänge/Sounds Date: 1913 Style: German Expressionism/Blue Rider Format: double-page spread from a book

- A book he wrote - Featured woodcuts, poems - One of three seminal books he published - Pure sound of language — spiritual - Only two people in this group - The Blue Writer - Only two group shows for the Blue Writer - Spiritual Reality — no motifs are representational images; completely abstract - A mystic — self transcendence - The leader of the Blue Writer - Put color into his poster to create deep human emotions - Got rid of the subject matter; no clear forms; still get a sense from it - Something spiritual using only color and form

Maker: A. M. Cassandre Title: Dubonnet aperitif Date: 1932 Country of Origin: France Format: poster

- A campaign that lasted for years - A serial aspect — as he drinks his glass, it literally fills him up - "Dubonnet" also fills up - Very innovative & influential; used an air brush, hazy effect

Maker: Jules Chéret Title: Moulin Rouge Date: 1889 Style/Place of Origin: Art Nouveau - France Format: poster

- A club that opened during this time; closed down for a time, but the new owner put electric lights in the club - "The Red Windmill" - The owner commissioned Cheret to do this poster - Donkeys & camels that were being led around Paris, displaying posters

Maker: The Beggarstaffs Title: Harper's Magazine Date: 1895 Country of origin: England Format: poster

- A couple that made these images — didn't want to be identified as poster makers, wanted to be identified as painters - Cut out paper & moved it around, almost in a collage kind of way - Transform it onto a lithographic stone - A work that didn't have much success because people didn't understand it much - Hard time understanding what the image was — thought it was meant to be an Xray - Didn't have the success they hoped for - Focusing on the image on the product

Maker: Laura Brey Title: On Which Side of the Window are YOU? Date: 1917 Country of origin: United States Format: poster

- A man is inside the structure looking out, a darkness to him, the bright light on the outside - A question that engages you - Persuading you to enlist in the war

Original Painting by: John Millais Title: Pears' Soap Date: 1886 Place of Origin: England Format: print ad

- A painted that was then used for advertising - Pear's Soap — major soap company in England — early 1880's & on, advertising their work, using images to support their product - Chromolithographs being reproduced — making different kinds of typefaces - Pear's wanted to get the copyright for the painting - Millais didn't want to at first, but the price was right; he also agreed to paint a bar of soap at the bottom - This appeared as a very large advertising campaign - It was controversial among traditional artists — this was inappropriate, commodification of art

Maker: A. M. Cassandre Title: The Woodcutter furniture store Date: 1923 Style: Art Deco Format: poster

- A painter; took another name as a graphic designer - Wanted to make a distinction between his painted work & his poster work - Becomes far better known for his posters - His first poster; shown in a major international exhibition & he won 1st prize there

Maker: Aleksandr Rodchenko, Title: Leningrad Section of the State Publishing House Date: 1925 Style: Russian Constructivism Format: poster

- A poster for the state publishing house - Photomontage showing a woman calling out - Trying to use type to convey sound, like a megaphone

Maker: S. E. Scott Title: These Women Are Doing Their Bit Date: c. 1917 Country of origin: Great Britain Format: poster

- A woman putting on her smock, about to go to work - Women are participating in the war effort by working in the factories - The men are going off to the war in the background - Stepping over the border of the frame, coming into our space; visual connection

Maker: Unknown Title: Code of Hammurabi Date: c. 1780 BC Place of origin: Babylonian Format: Stone carving [stele] with cuneiform

- About 7 feet tall, carved in Kaneian form - A god giving a message — sitting signals authority; divine figure - The laws were God given to Hammurabi - Protect the weak from the strong - Yet the weak were punished more severely - Bringing together information for people

Maker: Hans Rudi Erdt Title: Opel Automobile Date: 1911 Country of Origin: Germany Style: Sachplakat/Object Poster

- Ad for an automobile - The O can be a reference to a tire of a steering wheel - This idea of leaving spaces open that the viewer constructs to read the word - We can see the implied lines to create the figure of the man

Maker: F. L. Stahl and Otto Arpke Title: The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari Date: 1920 Style: German Expressionism Format: poster

- After WWI — about an old film of a mad scientist - A use of expressionism; the movie was in black & white - Exaggerated forms, everything is skewed - Meant to be sinister; a dark quality - Letterforms are also skewed

Maker: Howard Chandler Christy Title: Gee!! I Wish I Were A Man Date: 1917 Country of origin: United States Format: poster

- Another example of "Christy's Girl" - A woman wearing a male sailor suit, wanting a be a man - Gender relationships; women becoming more empowered; men becoming less empowered because of industrial revolution - Christy is pushing these buttons to get men's attention - Almost like the Cheret's - Getting women to promote war - Americans would recognize this figure at a "Christy Girl" - Young, beautiful female figure; very seductive - An inspiration to fight - Hand drawn looking letterforms — part of the intimacy created in the poster

Maker: Lester Beall Title: Rural Electrification Administration Date: 1939 Movement: American Modernism Format: poster

- Apply electricity to rural locations that didn't have electricity - Commissioned to make posters that would reach an illiterate audience & provide them with a positive view of electrification - This is something they should have - Very little text; use of photomontage

Maker: Paul Rand Title: Direction Date: 1940 Movement: American Modernism Format: magazine cover

- Art director for a culture & art magazine, Direction; very young during this time - Leading modernist designer in the US - Barbed wire & its shadow is a photograph with red dots - A wrapped package for Christmas, but ironic with the barbed wire - Sinister; red dots could be decorative or it could be considered drops of blood - His work is known for his directness, modern outlook; not bound by his traditions

Maker: Abram Games Title: Your Talk May Kill Your Comrades Date: 1942 Country of Origin: England Format: poster

- Be very careful; powerful - Used an airbrush to create this; abstract spiraling form of what you say - Very serious, having men get killed by the spiraling knife - Appealing to emotions; bending the laws of logic

Maker: Alphonse Mucha Title: Job Cigarette Papers Date: 1896 Style/Place of Origin: Art Nouveau - France Format: poster

- Becomes really well known - Created for this French cigarette company that had been around for a while - His posters really helped the company - Risqué because respectable women would never smoke - Promoting a product in a way that's risky — who's he parting to? a male audience? a female audience? - Byzantine frame around the woman

Maker: William Blake Title: Songs of Innocence title page Date: 1789 Place of Origin: England Process: Relief etching

- Becomes well known as printer, artist, poet - Self published - Not working with metal type, more of a "throwback" - "Visionary" — he spoke with angels, with artists from the past - A reaction to all this order - Romantic Period — emotionalism - Creates a number of these little books

Name: Gisbert Combaz Title: The Free Aesthetic Annual Exhibition Date: 1898 Style/Place of Origin: Art Nouveau - Belgium Format: poster

- Belgian designer - A poster for an artist & designers group in Belgium — mixed bag of artists and even architects - Annual exhibition / salon - White outline peacock — almost looks like stain glass windows - Going to show up in a number of Art Nouveau

Maker: Herbert Bayer Title: Bauhaus Stationery Date: 1927 Country of origin: Germany Style: Modernist

- Came up with a typeface for the Bauhaus - Sans serif; didn't want to have capital letters, unless it was all caps - We don't speak in upper or lowercase, so why do we have to read it? - Very daring in Germany — nouns are all capitalized - Having things spaced in a way that has a dynamic order

Maker: Eadrith [the scribe] Title: St. Matthew cross-carpet page, from the Lindisfarne Gospels Date: ca. 698 Style or Period: Insular art [or Hiberno-Saxon art] Format: illuminated vellum manuscript

- Chaos, but structured - Illuminated manuscript — reflective quality of the gold - Vellum — higher grade of parchment, smoother, expensive

Maker: Jules Chéret Title: La Loie Fuller Date: 1893 Style/Place of Origin: Art Nouveau - France Format: poster

- Cheret becomes known as the King of the Posters in the later 19th century - Publishes thousands of posters & as a younger man, he developed a more sophisticated way of handling chromolithography — a softening effect in his work - Variety shoes — all sorts of acts - The model wasn't well received in the US; goes to Paris, and becomes a huge phenomenon, never goes back to the US - Cheret captures, in a static form, a sense of movement & the lighting effects she perfected - "The Dance of Fire" - His posters are kept pretty minimal information — name of the club, the performer (the serpentine dance) - The quality & the changes he makes with a wider variety of color; doesn't limit posters to just like three colors - Started using as many as 6 colors

Maker: Alphonse Mucha Title: Gismonda Date: 1895 Style/Place of Origin: Art Nouveau - France Format: poster

- Czech born; came to Paris & was working in a print shop and happened to receive a phone call from a huge actress, requesting someone to make a poster for her; he said he would do it - The right place at the right time - Very large; elongating the image; giving her a monumentality - In reality, the model was very short - Giving her an extravagant cloak - For a play she was featured in; she loved the poster; put Mucha under contract for six years after that her face gets lost in the rest of the image; a sense of royalty the way her garment spills over the name of the theatre - Holding up a palm leaf — symbol of victory - Bernnardt is known for her roles in tragic productions - Byzantine Art — known for its mosaics; gilded quality

Maker: Henri van de Velde Title: Tropon Concentrated Food Date: 1898 Style/Place of Origin: Jugendstil - Germany Format: poster

- Dutch artist; a German food manufacturing company - Very abstract - Three elements that have sort of big eyes, bird-like — a stylization of the company's sparrow as a trade mark - Creating works that really are going to be an advance of abstract painting

Maker; Herbert Bayer Title: Vasily Kandinsky 60th Birthday Exhibition Date: 1926 Place of origin: Bauhaus Format: poster

- Embraced asymmetry; liked to set things at a diagonal - Experimented with using just a few colors; sans serif font - Using bars to frame things, but incomplete things; having a connector

Maker: Stenberg Brothers Title: The Man with The Movie Camera Date: 1929 Style: Russian Constructivism Format: poster

- Film was a good way of entertaining people & promoting Communist ideas - Pretty large poster that were seen everywhere - Looking up at the skyline; fragmented figure (Dada & collage) - Everything is drawn, even thought it looks like a photomontage - Actual brothers — they worked from photographs - One of the best known Russian fils because of its experimental

Maker: Gustav Klimt Title: 1st Vienna Secession Date: 1898 Art Movement: Vienna Secession Format: poster

- First poster for the opening of the exhibition - Klimt was one of the leading artists of the avant-garde - Playing off partly from the building — the big blank canvas - Signs it where you would sign a painting - Very elegant figures - Showing the battle from Greek antiquity — Theseus vs. the minotaur (part man/bull) - His first one did not have any censorship on the man

Maker: Guda the Scribe Title: Self-portrait in initial D in a book of Homilies Date: ca. 1110 Type of Initial: historiated initial Format: illuminated manuscript page

- Gave information about the author, how it was made - Weights over 75 pounds - Earliest surviving vulgate - Historiated initial — within an initial, telling a story - Illuminated manuscript — reflective quality of the gold

Maker: Ethel Reed Title: Arabella and Araminta Stories Date: 1895 Style/Place of Origin: Art Nouveau - United States Format: poster

- Great American poster maker, but then disappeared - A series of books about these twins kind of conjoined at the hip - Mop of hair coming down

Maker: Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec Title: Moulin Rouge Date: 1891 Style/Period: Art Nouveau - France Format: poster

- Had a copy of Cheret's poster in his office, so he really admired it - Was originally a painted, but seeing Cheret's motivated him to do one - He was commissioned to do this - Influenced by Japanese art — oblique, flattening the forms - Running Moulin Rouge up three times - The poster is so large, it's actually in three pieces - Showing the dancer, this was very risqué; showed petticoats, legs; women were not supposed to show parts of their bodies - An abstract element in the image (the yellow blob) — catching to smoke from cigarettes - The strange figure — "the boneless"; could dance and be fluid in his movement - Goulue was the woman — known for her high kicks & dance - Very different kind of atmosphere

Maker: Alfred Roller Title: 16th Vienna Secession Date: 1903 Art Movement: Vienna Secession Formate: poster

- Had several shows a year - Always had a very narrow vertical format for the posters - Having an Art Nouveau curve that goes down the page, to the bottom - Very large, fat block letterforms — tightly compacted within it

Maker: Jan Toorop Title: Delft Salad Oil Date: 1895 Style/Place of Origin: Art Nouveau - Holland Format: poster

- Hair becomes a great motif in Art Nouveau because it can flow, linear, different colors - Pouring salad dressing into a bowl - Fills the space with these lines that are generated by the hair - The curving quality that takes you right back around to where he wants you to be, where to salad dressing is

Maker: Georges Massias Title: Gladiator Cycles Date: 1905 Style/Place of Origin: Art Nouveau - France Format: poster

- Hair is down, and floating in the air - A woman is riding a bicycle — a new meaning of freedom for women - Women weren't riding bicycles very much, still a masculine idea - This image was put on a wine bottle, and it was banned in Alabama

Maker: A. M. Cassandre Title: Holland-America [Steamship] Line Date: 1928 Country of Origin: France Format: poster

- Huge, elegant boats coming into existence during this time period - Focusing in on the mechanical element of the ship - Emphasizing the machine efficiency

Maker: Joost Schmidt Title: Bauhaus Exhibition Date: 1923 Country of origin: Germany Format: poster

- Ideal machine - People aren't turning into machines, but they are efficient

Maker: Herbert Matter Title: Swiss Tourism Date: 1936 Style: Bauhaus-influenced Modernism Format: Poster [FYI: the text states: "Winter vacation is double vacation Switzerland"]

- Influenced by Bauhaus, uses photomontages - Uses shadow forms; became widely known outside of Switzerland - Minimal text

Maker: Guillaume Apollinaire Title: "It's Raining" from Calliigrammes Date: 1914 Country of origin: France Format: printed book page

- Major poet; part of the modernist in crowd in Paris - Was a supported of the Futurist movement - Ideograms & calleograms — strange types of poems; playing with type, but not as aggressive; more expressive qualities of type - Not so much about chaos or war - Not nearly as aggressive; the type was falling

Maker: Lester Beall Title: Hiram Walker and Sons Distillery Date: 1936 Movement: American Modernism Format: Promotional booklet title pages

- Modernist design really takes off in the US in the 30's - European artists are coming to the US when war becomes inevitable - American designers are reading a lot about the Bauhaus, the designs - Becomes one of the first who really embraces the Modernist movement in America - Using photomontage; willing to use references to older, non Modern things - The W is very ornamental - Grid layout; diagonals

Maker: Ben Shahn Title: This is Nazi Brutality Date: 1942 Country of Origin: United States Format: poster

- Modernist flatness — flat brick wall; hooded figure; chains leading out of the composition - Title is set at a diagonal, red letters, bolded - Rest of the text is from a telegram — strips of text which were typed out automatically - Telegrams generally brought bad news; very much part of WWII - Telegrams represents a sense of immediacy; giving you a narrative - The town was literally wiped off the map; Shahn is bringing this forward to remind people why this war effort is going on, what we have to overcome - The wall is saying how there's no escaped from this - Anonymous, regular everyday person who is being killed

Maker: Unknown Title: Astley's "The Courier of St. Petersburg Date: 1827 Place of Origin: London [England] Format: playbill

- More typical in the 19th century - A sense of order, but a lot going on; color emerging - By the late 1830's, chromolithography — printing with color ** - Exclamation marks become very popular - A lot of action taking place in this playbill — works you up; wants to get you excited - Reversed out letters, shadows forms, fat faces

Maker: Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec Title: L'Estampe Originale Date: 1893 Style/Place of Origin: Art Nouveau - France Format: portfolio cover

- New publication; created as fine art, not as posters, & sold for sale - Master lithographer, with the thick stones for lithography

Maker: Aubrey Beardsley Title: "The Peacock Skirt," in Oscar Wilde's Salome Date: 1894 Place of Origin: England Format: book illustration

- One of his best known works - Highly abstract, figural element is minimal compared to the visual aspect - Lower element that dominates the composition, flattens it out - Could've been printed through a new photo mechanical process (half tone), but he transferred them to fine wood cuts, the highest quality - Found that he could get a sharper edge, finer quality than the photo process

Maker: Lucian Bernhard Title: Priester Matches Date: ca. 1905 Country of origin: Germany Style: Sachplackat/Object Poster

- Plakatstil — German for poster style - Sachplakat — German for object poster - German poster designer; the first poster he designed for the Poster Style or Object Poster period - Focusing on an object, very little text, not a lot of imagery - The name of the company, and the matches - Designed this poster for a competition & the jury literally threw it in the trash because there wasn't enough on the page - A jury came in later & found the poster & said that it was the winner - Very successful because it was so different from Art Nouveau - Part of this modern movement that is a lot more minimal - Restricting it to the object being the product

Maker: H .R. Hopps Title: Destroy This Mad Brute Date: 1917 Country of origin: United States Format: poster

- Playing off the Kaiser's mustache; the hat is spiked, holding a club - Standing on the word "America" - Holding this "Christy" girl, bare breasted - Beasts who are extremely violent who have come to America - This will happen if you don't enlist

Maker: James Montgomery Flagg Title: I Want You Date: 1917 Country of origin: United States Format: poster

- Propaganda posters — meant to persuade people in a type of way; became an ugly word after Hitler - Selling Americans on the war - The most famous American poster — millions of copies of this distributed - Uncle Sam pointing directly at you; YOU is larger, inverse colors; wanting you to enlist - The posters is very clear and direct; their aim is to persuade and reinforce a notion already held - Uncle represents the U.S., and he needs you as part of America - Not a lot of text, image heavy — playing off of Art Nouveau - Posters were so widespread, everyone saw this poster — created a National linkage for a common cause

Maker; Tristan Tzara Title : Two poems from Dada 3 Date: 1918 City of origin: Zurich Format: magazine page

- Published in Zurich - Unconventional, experimental design - Included Dada's manifesto — one of the most important Dada's manifestos - The designers could do whatever they wanted under the Dada movement - The text is running in different ways — it doesn't make sense; very busy - You have no idea where to start; strange illustrations that are very abstract - Eye is going all over the page; this kind of design reflected how the world was changing - Human were experimenting life in different vantage points — flying in planes, driving fast in cars

Maker: Hans Rudi Erdt Title: U-Boats are Out! Date: 1917 Country of origin: Germany Format: poster

- Referencing the U Boats; they were stealthy - The captain looking out to the ship that they had just sunk - The U Boats are out, doing what they should be doing, they are winning the war - The U gives a sense of the claustrophobic are of the boat

Maker: Arthur Mackmurdo Title: Wren's City Churches Place of Origin: England Date: 1883 Format: book title page

- Renewing craftsmanship - Integration of art & life - People deserved to live in a beautiful environment - Peacocks are becoming a motif that will continue to occur - Peacock elements along the side of the image - Visual motif that became very popular at this time - Peacock is traditionally a symbol of beauty, but also vanity - Almost dandyism — not negative, but meant super elegance; shows up a lot in a variety of ways in the later 19th century - Marginalized in the 1880's, & then continued in the 1890's

Maker: Alexei Brodovitch Title: Harper's Bazaar page Date: 1936 Movement: American Modernism Photograph by: Man Ray

- Russian born; escaped & came to the US & set up an advertising agency - Worked as a set designer for a ballet company in Paris - Hired as art director for Harper's Bazaar - Very interested in photography - Emphasizing the half tone screen; left it enlarged to expose the process of film photography - Very modern; loved playing with floating type; white space

Maker: E. McKnight Kauffer Title: Daily Herald Date: 1919 Country of Origin: England Format: poster

- Spread the modernist aesthetic, graphic designers more so than painters - Used to be a painter - Futurist quality - Didn't design the typeface, doesn't go well with the modernist design above - The soaring birds represented a sense of hope (right after WWI)

Maker: John Heartfield Title: "The Meaning of Hitler's Salute" Date: 1932 Format: AIZ magazine cover Technique: photomontage

- Taking millions from businessmen - Using the salute from Hitler - Hitler was actually a failed artist — hated modern art

Maker: E .L. Kirchner Title: Die Brücke/The Bridge Exhibition Date: 1910 Style: German Expressionism Format: woodcut poster

- The Bridge — 1905-1917; really young; separating themselves from traditions - Artists and designers who studied at the academy, but this was truer to selfhood - Independence as an artist — transform their subject matter until it conveyed their own expression - Working in woodcut; black letter letterform; not unusual in Germany, but still Medieval connotation - A sense of crudeness; trying to get back to the old ways - Knew how to paint, but worked this way because they thought it was truer to the self - Primitive people — a sense of purity with the self - Focused on their identities as an individual, but they still would collaborate - A group of people that are strong individuals are hard to sustain — the group only lasted for a few years - A focus on the individual - "Art Group" — KG Brucke - Fascinated by tribal sculpture; exaggerated in angular forms - Ethnograph art - Exhibitions would be every 4 years - A woman that was directly related to tribal art

Maker: Fred Spear Title: Enlist Date: 1915 Country of origin: United States Format: poster

- The sinking of the Lusitania - The massacre of the innocent — a mother and child sinking to the bottom - An image and one word; know exactly why you're enlisting, so that this wont' happen

Maker: Peter Behrens Title: Flammeco Lamps for Factory Lighting Date: 1913 Country of origin: Germany Style: Sachplakat/Object Poster

- Then a beehive look - The logo went up on the top of the AEG Turbine Factory in Berlin - Behrens helped design the building - A massive building, but it's all about volume on the interior - The building becomes so well known, he can reference it in one of his posters - Flammenco Lamp, 1913 — the building is illuminated at night; keeping it vague; corporate look that he's responsible for

Maker: El Lissitzky Title: Beat the Whites with the Red Wedge Date: 1919 Style: Russian Constructivism Format: poster

- This group saw a new society being born, utilizing abstract forms - Russia was the most Avantgarde with their images - Agitprop — agitation propaganda - The Reds were the Bolshevik party (communist); the Whites were the moderates, conservatives Reds are wanting to get rid of the whites; political posters - Architect, studio background, photography

Maker: Unidentified designer Title: Degenerate Art Exhibition Date: 1937 Movement: Nazism Format: Exhibition guidebook cover

- Under Hitler's propaganda, organized a huge exposition - Strange looking image, with hand lettering - In a primitive or childlike way - A show that's meant to show how decorative modern art is - How awful their work was; got all of them from around German museums - Attracted a lot of people

Maker: Norman Rockwell Title: Freedom from Want Date: 1943 Country of Origin: United States Format: poster

- Used to buy war bonds - Freedom of speech, of worship, from want, & from fear - American democracy that would influence the entire world

Maker: Gustav Klutsis Title: Everyone Must Vote in the Election of Soviets Date: 1930 Style: Russian Constructivism Format: poster

- Using photomontages to great effect - The red of Communism - Meant to inspire people to move forward

Maker: Jan Tschichold Title: The Pants Date: 1926 Influenced by: Bauhaus Format: poster

- Using the diagonal

Maker: Theo van Doesburg and Vilmas Huszar Title: De Stijl Date: 1917 Country of origin: Netherlands/Holland Format: cover page

- Utopian idea — they went through something terrible with WWI, wanting to start a new - Seen in Russia, the Netherlands - De Stijl — "the style"; a new movement that is going to embrace a new kind of visual form called abstraction - Paint in totally abstract forms — geometric - A whole new way to think about representing the world (sound, the nature behind nature) - A journal published during the world; a reaction to the war - Look beyond the world & look for essences; there's some structure in the world - Abstraction is more universal — it's shapes, colors, lines that are used rather than specifics - It can address more people because people can respond to it - Compositions tend to be not symmetrical

Maker: W.J. Morgan and Co. Title: Thos. W. Keene as Macbeth Date: 1884 Place of Origin: U.S. Format: poster

- Very little information - Typeface over a poster - Have a visual synopsis of the play — different episodes from the play - Looks like cards cutout, stacked over one another - Part of the 19th century, not new, but it gets heightened - Multiple spaces that make sense of - Not a controlled, singular perspective

Maker: J. Howard Miller Title: We Can Do It! Date: 1942 Country of Origin: United States Format: poster

- We're all in this together - Everyone was involved in this war; everyone can contribute; it's not just about YOU - Proactive; optimistic - Women can roll up their sleeves just as much as men can & get the job done - A new woman — wearing the exact outfits a woman and man would wear in the factories - Her facial expression and the flexing of the muscles gives her strength & power - She is pushed right up to the frame; gives her authority - Wasn't successful in the time it came out