History study guide
Why did Parliament start imposing heavy taxes on the colonies?
-to pay British war debts
.Which tribe belonged to the Iroquoian language group?
Cherokee
Identify the differences between the French and English settlers.
French- founded cities of Quebec and Montreal, main interest was fur trade English-came seeking religious freedom, wanted land for crops and timber,settlers included many families
Determine whether the following descriptions belong to George III or Charles Cornwallis.
George the third-rejected the Congress's Olive Branch Petition, declared the colonies to be in a state of rebellion charles cornwall- secured important wins for the British at New York and Brandywine
What was the role of William Pitt in the French and Indian War?
He convinced the British Parliament to send more men and supplies to the colonies in North America.
Why did Roger Williams establish a colony in Rhode Island?
He was banished from Massachusetts.
Which of the following is true of relative chronology?
It involves organizing events in the order in which they occurred.
Which influential political leader drafted the Bill of Rights?
James Madison
_______________ wrote Federalist paper No. 10, in which he described how a central government would avoid breaking down into factions. The purpose of the Federalist Papers in general was to _____________________________________
James madison, convince anti-federalists to ratify the constitution.
What aspect of events does a fishbone diagram help to illustrate?
Many causes, one effect
In which region of the New World did the Catholics of England and Ireland settle?
Maryland
Which parts of the present-day United States were included in New Netherland?
New York, Delaware, New Jersey, Connecticut
Match each American colony to its founder.
Roger Williams-Rhode Island John Winthrop-Connecticut William Penn-Pennsylvania George Calvert-Maryland
Why were slaves so important for plantation owners in colonial America
Slave labor made it possible to grow cash crops such as rice and tobacco on large plantations.
Which sentence best explains how enslaved Africans in colonial America preserved parts of their culture?
Slaves combined African forms of expression with the white colonists' cultural practices.
Why did the Iroquois Confederacy fail to get the land west of the Allegheny Mountains that had been promised to them by the British?
The American colonists began to move west.
which of the following indicates only a relative chronology?
The Reconstruction era began after the Civil War ended
.Which trait did the Northeast Woodland Indians have in common with the Southeast Indians?
The economy was largely based on agriculture.
.Determine whether the following descriptions apply to Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, or both.
Thomas jefferson -wrote the Declaration of Independence both- was a founding father of the United States of America, was a member of the Second Continental Congress. Benjamin franklin- edited the Declaration of Independence
________ proposed the Albany Plan of Union to increase cooperation among the 13 colonies. This plan was rejected by ______________
benjamin franklin, king george the third.
A _____________legislature divides the power between the House of Representatives and the Senate, while ____________ divides the power between national and state governments.
bicameral, federalism
During George Washington's administration, Congress passed the first 10 amendments to the US Constitution called the _______ . During John Adams's administration, Congress passed the ___________ . These laws drove out foreigners, made it harder for immigrants to become US citizens, and allowed the government to punish people who publicly criticized it.
bill of rights, alien and sedition acts
A physical map usually uses various colors to represent different features. Some are common on most maps. For example, maps often use blue to indicate _____ They use brown to mark ________ They use green to indicate _________
bodies of water, mountains, plains.
Which three tribes occupied regions of the Southeast?
cherokee, seminole, powhatan
To which era does the settlement of Jamestown belong?
colonial
The settlers of the 13 colonies created laws based on English ______________which applied to both__________________
common, Britain and the colonies
Which of the following can be considered a cause of the Civil War?
conflicting views of slavery
Which European power set up 13 colonies in North America?
england
The XYZ Affair resulted in pro-war feelings against _______. Many leaders in the government supported the idea of going to war. However, ___________ was against the idea because he felt that the nation was not strong enough to go to war with another nation. .
france, john adams
Which two of the following were British documents that influenced the creation of the US Constitution?
magna carta
What types of maps are there?
physical, political, historical, thematic
.What was the name of the Puritan group that wanted to separate from the Church of England?
pilgrims
Which of the following visual sources usually uses images and a few words to make a satirical comment about a particular event or situation?
political cartoon
In the colonial era, most white colonists prevented enslaved Africans from ______________ Despite the restrictions, some Africans managed to express themselves individually. A notable example was __________, who published a book of poems.
reading and writing, phillis wheatley
What are two activities that allowed enslaved Africans in America to preserve some of their culture?
singing, cooking
.What was the first European city founded in North America?
st. Augustine
In this 1754 political cartoon by Benjamin Franklin, what does the severed snake represent?
the American colonies under British rule
The period of __________ led Americans to expand the United States from the Atlantic Ocean to the ____________
western expansion, pacific ocean
1.supported the British because they believed that the British would grant them freedom 2.supported the British because they viewed the colonists as invaders who threatened their lands 3.favored independence because they believed it would lead to economic opportunity
1.blacks 2.American Indians 3.patriots
.The drafting of the Constitution was a long process that followed a series of events. Arrange the events in the order in which they took place.
1.convening the Annapolis Convention 2.gathering for the Constitutional Convention 3.signing the Constitution 4.arranging for ratifying conventions
The image shown is called a fishbone diagram. Arrange each event so that it shows four causes that lead to one effect.
1.imposition of taxes on colonies 2. colonists' lack representation in parliament 3.passage of the Intolerable Acts 4. quartering acts =5. American revolution
1.published a book of poems on religious and moral themes 2.published a successful almanac 3.published the story of his struggles, and delivered a speech that inspired abolitionists
1.phillis wheatley 2. benjamin banneker 3.Jupiter Hammon
.Which battle between the British and French forces was considered a massacre, leading to hostility between the American Indians and the American colonists?
Battle of Fort William Henry
___________ published Poor Richard's Almanac in 1732. The publication contained witty sayings that reflected important ___________ such as "great talkers, little doers." It went on to become North America's first bestseller.
Benjamin franklin, life lessons
How did the Marquis de Lafayette and Baron von Steuben play similar roles in the American Revolution?
Both helped Washington strengthen the Continental army.
Identify whether each feature describes the British or French colonies.
British colonies- colonies had a large population with many permanent settlements, settlers were mainly farmers French colonies- colonies had a sparse population with few permanent settlements,settlers were mainly fur traders
Arrange the following events as they occurred in chronological order after the British forces took the offensive in the French and Indian War.
British forces ally with the Iroquois Confederacy. British forces capture the city of Quebec. British forces capture the city of Montreal Britain signs the Treaty of Paris.
Which of the following documents helped to create a legal tradition based on laws and justice?
Commentaries on Law of England
Match the descriptions with the group of laborers they describe.
Indentured servants forced to work for a specific period of time to pay a debt,could save money and buy property slaves forced to work for their owners throughout their lives, children also forced to work without freedom throughout their lives
.How did this report of Wheatley's ability oppose common stereotypes of the time?
It showed that Africans were capable of intellectual accomplishments.
Which of the following statements defines a republican government?
People elect the officials and hold power through them.
Identify the type of source based on the passage provided. Ronald Reagan was the second son of Nellie and John Reagan. Reagan attended high school in Dixon, Illinois. He entered Eureka College and graduated in 1932. He served as a one-time president of the student body and majored in economics and sociology. He became the president of the United States in 1980.
The passage is from a secondary source.
Why did Thomas Jefferson refer to the election of 1800 as the "Revolution of 1800"?
The presidency passed from one political party to another.
President George Washington took the oath of office on April 30, 1789. Abraham Lincoln was sworn in as president on March 4, 1861.
These events are an example of absolute chronology.
What idea did George Washington introduce as president of the United States?
US presidents should run for election for only two terms.
Where did the first meeting of the House of Burgesses take place?
Virginia
General _____________ and his troops attacked General ___________ British army for almost three weeks nonstop, until the British surrendered. The __________ naval fleet helped the Continental army secure this victory.
Washington, cornwall, french
Which sentence describes the effects of stereotypes against Africans in colonial America?
White colonists denied Africans basic rights because they believed that Africans lacked the ability to live and work independently.
The following document is a report published in the Daily Democrat newspaper immediately after President Lincoln's assassination. What kind of source is it?
a primary source
What is an era?
a time period consisting of distinct historical events
To gain more information about the presidents of the United States, you visit the official website of the White House. What type of information can you gather from this website?
accurate information
Which of the following sources would be best to consult for a summary of historical events in either printed or digital format?
archive
Select all correct answers,The US Constitution divided the government into three branches. What were they?
executive,legislative, judicial
According to the Articles of Confederation, Congress had the right to manage _______. Congress also had the right to set up ________ .
foreign, post offices.
What was the main reason Loyalists opposed independence from Britain?
hey believed that the British government would protect their rights.
The total number of slaves in the American colonies continually _______ between 1620 and 1750. Over this period, the lives of slaves became __________ The majority of slaves in the colonies lived in the _______
increased, restricted by laws, south
Which two territories were a part of the French Empire after the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1763?
islands in the Caribbean, islands off the coast of Newfoundland
The Federalists in Congress passed the _______________ in 1801 to appoint 16 new federal judges before losing power to another party.
judiciary act
This map shows the physical features of the United States. Based on the map, identify the largest lake by area in the United States.
lake superior
Which of the following features helps you understand the colors, shapes, and markings used on a map?
legend
Between 1650 and 1750, American colonies passed new laws about slavery. What did the laws reflect about the changes in slavery over this period?
the colonists' increasing demands for slaves, more rigid rules to keep slaves under tight control
How did the introduction of rice in South Carolina affect slavery in the American colonies?
the enslaved population increased rapidly.
Which region benefited directly when Eliza Lucas Pinckney developed the cultivation of indigo
the southern colonies
1. maintaining trade relations with Britain and preventing war 2.maintaining relations with both Britain and France 3.-establishing a federal court system 4.weakening opposition to the federal government
1.Jay treaty 2.Proclamation of Neutrality 3.Judiciary Act 4.Sedition Act
1. criticized the government in print 2.conducted experiments with electricity 3.introduced indigo as a cash crop
1.John Peter Zenger 2 Benjamin franklin 3.Eliza Lucas Pinckney
If you want to access certain government records, which three institutions should you visit?
Archive, museum, library
Which sentences make factual statements about Egyptian civilization?
-Egyptian civilization developed along the banks of the Nile River -The fertile plains near the Nile helped the civilization grow
.Which three nations first colonized North America?
-France, Spain, and England
How did the Battle of Saratoga affect the American Revolution?
-French troops joined the war on behalf of the colonists.
How did the Treaty of Paris change the relationship of the former colonies to other nations?
-It officially recognized the former colonies as the independent nation of the United States.
The following quote is from British officer Sir William Erskine during the Second Battle of Trenton of the Revolutionary War. If Washington is the general I take him to be, his army will not be found there in the morning.
-The British troops acknowledged George Washington as the leader of the revolutionaries.
When the information gathered by an author comes from reports and articles written by other authors, what is this source known as?
-a secondary source
.How are the members of the House of Representatives elected?
-by the people in proportion to the population of their state
.What does federalism mean under the US Constitution?
-division of powers between state and national governments
Which two important goals did Congress achieve, based on the authority provided by the Articles of Confederation?
-enacted the Northwest Ordinances
Which three of these sources of information help historians determine the date of events that occurred before the birth of Jesus Christ?
-knowledge of the cultures of that time -calendars of that era -the AD-BC system of dating
Why did Congress enact the Northwest Ordinances?
-to settle the new territories in an orderly manner
For which two reasons did the delegates decide to scrap the Articles of Confederation instead of revising them?
-to solve trade disputes between states
Identify how each group responded to stereotypes against enslaved Africans in colonial America.
-used stereotypes to justify attitudes and practices that benefited themselves-plantation owners tried to keep cultural practices alive despite obstacles blocking them- enslaved Africans opposed beliefs and practices they considered to be evil and morally wrong-abolitionists
Arrange the events in the order in which they occurred during the presidencies of George Washington and John Adams.
1. George Washington is elected president of the United States 2. The French Revolution begins. 3. Washington makes the Proclamation of Neutrality. 4. John Adams is elected president of the United States. 5.The XYZ Affair takes place in France.
1. Most regions in Virginia fell under the settlers' control 2.The American Indians lost control of most of New England 3.The settlers forced many American Indians out of South Carolina.
1. Powhatan War 2.- King Philip's War 3.-Yamasee War
Arrange them in chronological way
1. establishment of the first colony at Jamestown 2. signing of the Declaration of Independence 3.John Adams's presidency 4.Andrew Jackson's presidency 5.the Reconstruction period
1.worked with Robert Morris to finance the American Revolution 2.taught Continental troops important military tactics at Valley Forge 3.commanded the Continental army.
1. haym salomon 2. baron von steuben 3. George washington
Which of these men was a Federalist who advocated for the establishment of a national bank to protect the country's financial future?
Alexander Hamilton
Joshua is a citizen of the United States. He practices the religion of Judaism freely. Which amendment to the Constitution gives Joshua this freedom?
First Amendment
The US Constitution created checks and balances by establishing ____________________. The primary power of the judicial branch over others is to ______________________________
The idea of separation of powers was taken from Montesquieu's _____________________
Take a look at the following letter written by Abraham Lincoln. What indicates that it is a primary source?
The letter is dated.
.What was one way that the introduction of cash crops affected the American colonies?
The number of slaves increased, while indentured labor by Africans decreased.
