history test

According to lecture, which statement best describes the role of the government in the growth of industry in the late 19th century?

The government was an important partner of big business, giving enormous amounts of aid especially to the railroads.

Is it truthful to say that Woodrow Wilson was a real Progressive?

This question is not really answerable in this format. Such a statement requires serious study and actual subjective judgment. We would have to study his statements, his letters, and his actions to come up with any real argument and we'd never arrive at a definite conclusion. The fact that this is a very important question to discuss merely reveals the serious problems with multiple choice exams.

according to the lecture, the new deal offered a legacy of all of the following except a. it brought into power a group of very conservative politicians who looked to shrink the size of the federal government and return power to the states c. it encouraged americans to assume that an active government was at least somewhat responsible for economic security in america d. it preserved capitalism and extended some democratic institutions into the workplace.

a. it brought into power a group of very conservative politicians who looked to shrink the size of the federal government and return power to the states

president roosevelt handled the banking crisis of 1933 by a. offering government support and regulation but preserving private ownership b. nationalizing most banks- the government took over and owned them c. dissolving the federal reserve system d. suspending the federal deposit insurance corporation and getting government off the banks back

a. offering government support and regulation but preserving private ownership

according to the lecture, the stock market crashed in 1929 was a reflection of deeper economic problems leading to the great depression. among the most imports of these problem was a. overproduction and underconsumption b. the fat that US consumers were buying too many cheap imports encouraging manufactures at home to close up shop c. the flood of immigrants during the boom years of the 1920 created a surplus population that could not be employed

a. overproduction and underconsumption

the social security act a. provided for old age pensions, unemployment insurance, and some aid to the disabled and mother with dependent children b. was unpopular and was forced through congress only through FDR's shrewd political maneuvering c. earmarked most of its funds to provide welfare to people who were chronically out of work

a. provided for old age pensions, unemployment insurance, and some aid to the disabled and mother with dependent children

The constitutional amendment securing the right to vote for women nationwide

Was the result of decades of work of women and their male allies to get it to the national level.

the neutrality legislation of the 1930s was based on the assumption that the US. could keep out of war by: a. banning arms sales and loans to countries at war b. ending its own depression c. granting independence to all american foreign possessions

a. banning arms sales and loans to countries at war

american basic cold war strategy emerged when the truman administration adopted the recommendation of the US diplomat and soviet specialist geroge kennan, it is known as a. containment b. detente c. the appeasement policy d. the counterinsurgency strategy

a. containment

which of the following did NOT occur during WW2 a. franklin roosevlet resigned rather than run for a fourth term in 1944 b. the great depression finally ended c. the US government placed over 100,000 japanese americans in internment camps d. california industry population and diversified enormously

a. franklin roosevlet resigned rather than run for a fourth term in 1944

Teddy Roosevelt, President from 1901 to 1909, was known for being a reformer. Which of the following statements about his career is/are accurate? a. Although he successfully enforced the anti-trust act in the Northern Securities case, TR was not philosophically against all big business. b. TR was a less aggressive reformer than many other Republicans, especially those from the Midwest and West - people like Robert LaFollette. c. Many in the business community were nervous that TR pushed reform too far.

All of the above.

According to lecture what is the main reason why Labor Day is in September in the United States?

American leaders considered May Day (the Labor Holiday for many throughout the world) far too radical because it commemorates the Haymarket Riot in 1886 in Chicago during the 8 hour day movement.

Farmer frustrations that fueled the rise of the People's (Populist) Party included all of the following EXCEPT:

Farmers were upset about inflation - rising prices - and wanted our money to backed by gold and gold alone.

Which one of the following statements about early twentieth century immigration is NOT true?

Most immediately abandoned their old customs and language and became indistinguishable from native-born Americans.

Before the 1890s, the "old immigration," coming from ___________, dominated immigration to the U.S. After the 1890s, the "new" immigrants from __________ dominated.

Northern and Western Europe . . . Southern and Eastern Europe

From 1914 through early 1917, Woodrow Wilson's policy toward World War I was a popular stand of neutrality. Which of the following is NOT a reason why this policy was abandoned?

Popular clamor for war was overwhelming.

In the 1890s the U.S. acquired all of the following EXCEPT

Russia

as war began in europe and asia and war clouds gathered in the US between 1937 and 1941 roosevelt a. pushed congress to amend the neutrality act to allow arms sales and prepare the US for eventual entrance into the war b. insisted on strict neutrality of the US seeing britian and later the soviet union as equally as bad as germnay and hitler c. argued against lend lease saying that great britian and the soviet union should have to purchase all their war supplies wit cash

a. pushed congress to amend the neutrality act to allow arms sales and prepare the US for eventual entrance into the war

the national labor relations act or the wagner act (1935) a. set up an electoral process through which workers could vote on whether they wanted to form a union in their workplace and forcing employers to bargain with those so chosen b. provided recognition to union which company owners set up for their workers c. made it clear to workers that the government would no longer tolerate strikes

a. set up an electoral process through which workers could vote on whether they wanted to form a union in their workplace and forcing employers to bargain with those so chosen

in discussing the decision to drop the atomic bombs on japan, gar aplerovitz argues a. that the atomic bomb was used to keep the soviets out as much as it was used to end the war b. that the bombs were necessary to end the war c. that the japanese were ready to fight to the last man d. w/o the bombing the war would have continued for at least 3 more years

a. that the atomic bomb was used to keep the soviets out as much as it was used to end the war

FDR's new deal coalition that is the blocks of voters who gave him and the democratic party the landslide victory a. united white voters in the south with urban ethnic northerners workers, and black voter in the north b. united wealthy white collar business executives with southern red necks c. was only powerful until 1936 when republican took over the government again

a. united white voters in the south with urban ethnic northerners workers, and black voter in the north

Among the reforms enacted by progressive reformers a. the Meat Inspection Act b. the creation of the Federal Trade Commission c. the income tax

all of the above

In the late 19th century employers had the advantage over workers in labor disputes. Which of the following were tactics used by employers which gave them this advantage? a. The use of the "yellow dog" contract requiring employees to promise never to join a union. b. The ability to hire and fire workers at will. c. The use of court injunctions against strikes. d. The willingness of government authorities to send troops to break strikes. e. all of the above are accurate statements.

all of the above are accurate statements.

Among the grievances of working people and the labor movement in the late 1800s was: a. injuries and disease - workers were commonly hurt at work and had few protections against these "injuries of class." b. Working hours were typically quite long - 10-12 hours/day, 6 days a week. c. child labor - most people saw child labor as a serious problem and major workers' organizations sought to ban the practice.a d. lack of autonomy at work - workers fought to keep control over the shop floor as managers turned to new systems of control.

all of the above.

In the late 19th century, a few firms in many industries - steel, oil, railroads - grew to enormous size and consolidated their control over their respective industries. How did they do this? a. the government provided subsidies

all of the above.

During and just after the peak of the Populist farmers movement in the South, the campaign to disenfranchise (take away the vote of) African-Americans

also targeted poor whites who might break party ranks and join with blacks to vote for an alternative

According to lecture, the war fought by the US in the Philippines was

an example of how the United States acquired an empire at the cost of some of its professed ideals and many lives.

The Dawes Severalty Act of 1887 proved destructive to Native American communities because it

attacked the communal structure of tribal life by dividing up Native American land and parceling it out to individual owners..

both the national recovery administration and the agricultural adjustment administration shared what strategy to stimulate the economy? a. a bimetallic standard to increase the money supply b. a private sector government partnership to limit production and rise prices c. maximum price rules to lower costs to consumers and thus raise consumer purchasing power

b. a private sector government partnership to limit production and rise prices

the "science" of negative eugenics during the 1920s is the best described as a. discouraging reproduction only among people outside of the US b. discouraging reproduction among poor and "undesirable" or "unfit" Americans c. encouraging reproduction among middle and upper class whites d. discouraging reproduction only non white Americans

b. discouraging reproduction among poor and "undesirable" or "unfit" Americans

at the end of WW2 the US surrendered to germany a. true b. false

b. false

in the 1920s the Ku Klux Klan a. despite media attention did not really exist as an influential organization b. gained strong support in some areas of the north as well as in the south c. focused its hatered solely on the "new negro d. primarily attracted upper class single males of declining social status

b. gained strong support in some areas of the north as well as in the south

according to lecture franklin roosevelt shifteed political direction between 1934 and 1937 because a. the early new deal has been far too radical for most people encouraging him to shift back a conservative course b. he was forced to change a result of pressure from a massive strike wave and other movements ranging from upton sinclair's epic campaign to huey long's share our wealth campaign c. he had shored up his political support in congress and could afford to be the radical socialist reformer he wanted to be in the beginning of his administration

b. he was forced to change a result of pressure from a massive strike wave and other movements ranging from upton sinclair's epic campaign to huey long's share our wealth campaign

the efforts of US leaders at the conferences in tehran yalta and postdam to shape a peace that helped US interests a. were hampered by roosevelt's sympathy towards communism b. were hurt by the fact the USSR had turned the tide of the war first and the red army occupied most of easter europe c. were successful bc all the allies were in a mood to cooperate bc they had worked together to defeat the nazis

b. were hurt by the fact the USSR had turned the tide of the war first and the red army occupied most of easter europe

the truman doctrine was outlined in harry truman speech to congress concerning a. trumans doctrine of the bus stops here - a new acceptance of responsibility by the president b. what to do about turkey recent communist revolution c. a civil war in greece pitting insurgents against the british installed greek government

c. a civil war in greece pitting insurgents against the british installed greek government

the big three in WW2 were a. larry, moe, and curly b. huey, dewey, and louie c. churchill, stalin, and roosevelt

c. churchill, stalin, and roosevelt

several factors explain the rise of the cold war, which is NOT a correct statement of one of these factors? a. geopolitical: the truman administration harbored suspicions about soviet plans to attack its neighbors b. ideological: both soviet communism and american capitalism represented ends and means that the other side disliked c. economic: both the US and USSR were economically devastated after WW2 d. historic: the soviet remembered earlier invasions and american refusal to offer diplomatic recognition; the americans remembered the pre war nazi soviet pact

c. economic: both the US and USSR were economically devastated after WW2

the GI bill passed near the end of WW2 a. imposed heavy taxes b. outlawed collective bargaining c. provided for loans and educational benefits for veterans

c. provided for loans and educational benefits for veterans

according to the lecture the sedition and espionage acts of 1917-18 and the red scare of 1919 and 1920 a. mainly was confined to Washington where communist tool over the city of seattle in general strike of 1919 b. were necessary for the united states to cleanse itself of unpatriotic and undemocratic radical threats to traditional from of government c. sacrificed people's civil liberties in the name of protecting US citizens from an exaggerated threat of treason and radicalism d. was masterminded by arm manufacturers to keep our defenses up in case the communist revolution spread to the US

c. sacrificed people's civil liberties in the name of protecting US citizens from an exaggerated threat of treason and radicalism

the NYE committee hearings in the 1930s popularized the idea that a key factor leading the US into the first WW had been a. german aggression b. they need to protect american overseas colonial possession were threatened by german and Japanese c. the merchants of death and they need to protect american bank loans to the allies which were used to buy arms from US manufacturers

c. the merchants of death and they need to protect american bank loans to the allies which were used to buy arms from US manufacturers

examples of the mood resistance among african americans confronting white supremacists in the post WW1 period can be seen in a. the political movement against lynching b. the rise of Marcus Garvey and the UNIA c. the development of black culture d. all of the above

d. all of the above

the congress of industrial organizations (CIO) led by john L. lewis challenged the american federation of the labor (AFL) as america's strongest union federation by a. staging a number of successful sit down strikes led by militant workers b. organizing workers by industry and opening the ranks to all regardless of skill, race or gender, rather than organizing only the skilled workers in particular trades c. winning union recognition from the 2 largest companies in the US general motors and US steel d. all of the above

d. all of the above

in the US government during the spanish civil war from 1936 to 1939 a. honored those 2,800 american volunteers in the abrham lincon brigade who fought to defend the republic of spain by giving them medals b. helped defeat franco's revolt by secretly supplying the spanish republic with airplanes and ammunition c. demonstrated that as a free nation of the world our government and corporate leaders were willing to defend a democratically elected republic from the threat of fascism d. none of the above

d. none of the above

according to the lecture fascist movements in europe and especially in german under hitler a. combined a fanatical and militarist loyalty to the nation with love of democracy and liberalism as defense against communism b. were fought throughout the 1920s and by the 1930s the government of the united states and western europe these leaders were terrified of the fascists c. were the ideological descendants of the american and french revolutions d. can be blamed on the communist in the USSR e. none of the above

e. none of the above

Republicans in the North generally interpreted the Black Codes passed in the Southern states in the summer after the Civil War as

evidence that the white South sought to keep freedmen in an economically dependent and legally inferior status

The Platt Amendment, passed by Congress and placed in the new Cuban constitution in 1901

gave the United States several privileges in Cuba, including the right to intervene militarily.

Among the advantages of the corporate form of business organization were all EXCEPT:

it made share-owners personally liable by law for corporation debts.

The role of the state (the government) in late nineteenth century labor conflicts (The Railroad Strike of 1877, Homestead, Pullman, etc.) can be best characterized as

pro-business.

"Sharecropping" means

returning a portion of the harvest to the landowner as rent.

A new experiment in providing social services to slum dwellers featured centers where middle-class women lived among the poor, provided amenities and taught American ways to immigrants. These centers were called.

settlement houses.

Who won the election of 1896?

the Republican William McKinley

A number of journalists - Upton Sinclair, Ida Tarbell, Lincoln Steffens, etc. -- in the late 19th century began to direct their attention to the unscrupulous methods and concentrated power of big business owners and their allies in government. Collectively, they were best known as

the muckrakers..

The first "big business" in America, at least in terms of finance, labor relations, and management, was the

the railroad industry

The progressives were a loose group of reformers with some basic things in common. Which of the following is NOT one of those things:

they called for a revolutionary socialist or anarchist solution to economic problems.

According to lecture, which of the following best expresses the attitudes of late 19th Century industrialists like Rockefeller and Morgan?

they constantly looked for ways to avoid competition, seeing it as a huge obstacle to steady profits.

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

upheld the concept of "separate but equal."

In the presidential election of 1912, politicians who claimed to embrace progressive reforms

were given a resounding endorsement -- if the socialist is included around 75% of the vote went to candidates who were widely perceived as progressive type reformers.

According to lecture, what is the meaning of the "redemption" in the South?

Racist white Democrats were able to regain political control in the former Confederate states.

According to lecture, how did most expansionists in the United States government reconcile their belief in republicanism (that the only legitimate government is one that has the consent of the governed), with overseas imperialism (the exploiting or taking of territories and ruling them for economic or political gain)?

They argued that the people in these territories were not yet "civilized" enough to handle self-government and that it was the "white man's burden" to protect them until they could.

The US entry into WWI was certainly caused by which of the following?

We can't know for certain what caused US to enter WWI. Just because we were assigned a book chapter that made the argument that Wilson was secretly and cynically trying to maneuver the US into war, and just because professor Gilmore seems to pretty much agree with that interpretation, that doesn't mean that it is the correct interpretation. And even if there was some truth to it, we can never be completely certain about these things. This question and the laying out of answers in this way suggests another problem with multiple choice exams. Such exams focus on those things in history that are right or wrong, like the fact that William McKinley won the election of 1896. But these kinds of tests can't get into the arguments about the past -- what it all means, how things connect together and stuff like that.

Which one of the following ideas should NOT be associated with progressivism?

a pessimistic - negative - view of human nature and American potential

the allied invasion of france in 1944 was launched a. after soviet troops had already begun to turn the tide of the war east b. sooner than the allies were prepared as a favor to stalin of the USSR c. whth charles DeGaulle, leader of the french government in exile in command

a. after soviet troops had already begun to turn the tide of the war east

fordism can be best described as a. an economic and social regime ideally combining mass production of inexpensive products with relatively high wages to finance consumption of those products b. a combination of spiritually rewarding and rational management to produce a great variety of high quality luxury products c. a method of producing cars d. an economic regime that collapsed bc of the failure of managers and engineers to master mass production methods

a. an economic and social regime ideally combining mass production of inexpensive products with relatively high wages to finance consumption of those products