History Test

What was the unifying theme linking the writers of "the lost generation"? A a disappointed and critical view of American values and ideals B satisfaction with the newfound opportunities in post-war America C hopefulness for a world without warfare D a disdain for traditional European arts centers like Paris and Venice

a disappointed and critical view of American values and ideals

Which of the following events helped propel the United States into World War I? A The Japanese bombed an American naval base in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. B The Germans blockaded the ports of New York and Boston with U-boats. C The American government finally received a formal invitation from Allied forces to join the war. D A German U-boat sunk the Lusitania, a British passenger ship carrying, among others, 128 Americans.

A German U-boat sunk the Lusitania, a British passenger ship carrying, among others, 128 Americans.

What was the Zimmerman Note? A A German request to the Mexican government to join with them in an attack on America, should America join the war. B An attempt by Germany to apologize to the United states for unintentionally harming Americans in U-boat attacks. C A formal request for the Americans to join with the Central Powers and enter the war. D An outline of the German strategy for invading South America.

A German request to the Mexican government to join with them in an attack on America, should America join the war.

Which of the following best describes an encomienda? A. A Spanish colonial plantation system that relied on forced Native American labor B. A Spanish treaty with Native Americans C. A Spanish religious outpost designed to convert Native Americans to Christianity D. None of the above

A Spanish colonial plantation system that relied on forced Native American labor

Who were the Minutemen? A Leaders of the colonial communication network B A branch of the colonial militia who were on call for immediate action C Wartime cooks who were able to provide meals to troops quickly D The official timekeepers for the Continental Army

A branch of the colonial militia who were on call for immediate action

What was the end result of the Korean War? A North Korea and its communist allies achieved total victory and total control over South Korea. B South Korea and its UN allies were able to successfully invade and claim North Korea. C A cease-fire agreement was signed and a demilitarized zone was established between North and South Korea. D China and the Soviet Union used the war as an opportunity to take over the entire Korean Peninsula.

A cease-fire agreement was signed and a demilitarized zone was established between North and South Korea.

How was the federal government involved in the integration of Little Rock, Arkansas's Central High School? A A federal court ruled that the governor had to admit the African American students. President Eisenhower sent federal troops to escort the African American students into the school past angry protestors. B President Eisenhower backed Arkansas governor Orval Faubus's wish to delay integration due to the overwhelming public backlash. C President Eisenhower approved a federal grant to essentially bribe the Arkansas governor to allow integration to happen smoothly. D The federal government had little to do with the integration of Central High School other than the legal requirement that the school be integrated.

A federal court ruled that the governor had to admit the African American students. President Eisenhower sent federal troops to escort the African American students into the school past angry protestors.

What was the result of American farmers' efforts to organize in the 1870s and 1880s? A Prices of agricultural goods increased substantially and most farmers became profitable, many for the first time in their lives. B A lack of unity and economic strength prevented the farmers' organization efforts from challenging the railroad and banking industries effectively. C Groups like the Grange and Farmers' Alliances still remain massively influential labor unions to this day. D Despite initial stumbles, the cooperative model gave farmers much needed bargaining strength and allowed them to overpower the economic strength of American banks and railroads.

A lack of unity and economic strength prevented the farmers' organization efforts from challenging the railroad and banking industries effectively.

Which of the following best describes Hamilton's argument in favor of establishing a national bank: A A national bank would enable the government to issue loans to struggling Americans. B A national bank would provide a safe place to keep the money that the United States had acquired from Britain after winning the Revolutionary War. C The United States would lose business to the banks of other nations if they did not create one of their own. D A national bank was necessary in order to stabilize and improve the nation's credit.

A national bank was necessary in order to stabilize and improve the nation's credit.

The Underground Railroad was: A A way to transport goods between states more efficiently B America's first subway system C Invented by Harriet Tubman D A network created by abolitionists to help slaves escape to the North, where slavery was outlawed

A network created by abolitionists to help slaves escape to the North, where slavery was outlawed

What was the result of the War of 1812? A A decisive victory for the United States B A decisive victory for the British Empire C A Pyrrhic victory for the United States D A stalemate

A stalemate

What was Sherman's strategy for attacking the South in 1864? A Long-term sieges on Southern cities B A total war strategy aiming to conquer the South C Precision attacks on a few key targets D Instead of focusing on fighting, focus on convincing Southerners to abandon the Confederate cause

A total war strategy aiming to conquer the South

The New Deal Era was responsible for what change to the bureaucracy? a. a decrease in regulatory power of the federal government b. a large decrease in the size and responsibilities of the federal bureaucracy c. a decrease in services offered directly to the American citizenry by the federal government d. a vast increase in the size and responsibilities of the federal bureaucracy

a vast increase in the size and responsibilities of the federal bureaucracy

What was the main construction material of Native Americans of the Southwest? a. Wood b. Stone c. Adobe d. Bamboo

Adobe

Where did the Spanish turn to replace their workforce in New Spain after many of their Native Americans slaves perished? A. Asia B. England C. Australia D. Africa

Africa

What drew Germany into World War I? A After Russia had entered the war to protect Serbia, Germany declared war on Russia to help protect its Triple Alliance ally, Austria-Hungary. B Germany was looking for any excuse to go to war with Serbia. C Germany was hoping to entice France and Great Britain to join the war against Austria-Hungary. D Germany wanted to protect Russia from Austria-Hungary.

After Russia had entered the war to protect Serbia, Germany declared war on Russia to help protect its Triple Alliance ally, Austria-Hungary.

Why was Congress was so eager to approve the construction of the National Road in 1806? A The road would provide a way to bring produce and supplies to and from frontier farms, strengthening the American economy. B The road would be a crucial way to move land troops and military supplies within America's borders. C The road would stimulate westward expansion. D Al of the above

Al of the above

Who did George Washington name as the first Secretary of the Treasury? A Alexander Hamilton B John Adams C Henry Knox D Thomas Jefferson

Alexander Hamilton

How did the Wade-Davis Bill deal with the issues of Reconstruction? A It required former Confederate states to include a ban on slavery in their state constitutions. B It required a majority of voters in each Confederate state to swear their allegiance to the US before rejoining the Union C It prohibited Confederate officials and military leaders from voting or holding office D All of the above

All of the above

How was the mining boom of the late 1800s different from the mid-century California Gold Rush? A During the mining boom there was more interest in other metals besides gold and silver B By the late 1800s large mining operations dominated the industry C The mining boom occurred in many states D All of the above

All of the above

The National Security Act of 1947 established: A The National Security Council B The Central Intelligence Agency C The Joint Chiefs of Staff D All of the above

All of the above

What was the goal of Columbus's second voyage to the New World? A. To establish permanent colonies in the New World B. To convert natives to Christianity C. To find a sea route to Asia D. All of the above

All of the above

What was the significance of Ethan Allen's bloodless capture of Fort Ticonderoga in 1775? A It cut off a potential invasion route for the British coming south from Canada. B It provided the Continental Army with cannon and mortars necessary to help retake to occupied city of Boston. C It would mark the first time American forces launched a successful attack against the British. D All of the above.

All of the above

Which of the following helped Washington succeed with his attack on Yorktown? A The bulk of the British force was focused on protecting New York City rather than Virginia B The support of the French army C Washington kept the attack a secret from everyone, including most of his own soldiers D All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following played a key role in the European Age of Exploration that emerged in the 15th and 16th centuries? A. Advancements in sea-faring technology B. New lands with the possibility for European expansion C. An interest in developing a sea route to Asia for trade D. All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following statements characterizes the suburban boom which occurred in the 1950s? A Minorities had limited access to suburban communities due to racist real estate practices B The rise in automobile ownership allowed more families to move to the suburbs while commuting to city jobs C Massive housing developments sprung up in the areas surrounding major cities D All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following was a major advantage for the Union over the Confederate States? A A larger population B More factories C More railroads D All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following was an advantage for the Spanish conquistadors in their efforts to defeat larger native armies in Central and South America? A. Superior weaponry B. A lack of unity between native cultures C. The use of horses D. All of the above

All of the above

Why did the Mayans construct pyramids such as those built in the city of Tikal? a. To be used as a site for ceremonial burials b. To be used during religious ceremonies c. To help people navigate through the dense jungles of Central America d. All of the above

All of the above

How did President Kennedy respond to the Cuban Missile Crisis? A He threatened to retaliate with nuclear weapons if the Soviets used a nuclear weapon anywhere in the Western Hemisphere. B He ordered a naval blockade of all Cuban ports. C He utilized spy planes to monitor the development of Cuban missile sites. D All of the above.

All of the above.

How did President Kennedy respond to the murder of NAACP official Medgar Evers in Jackson Mississippi in 1963? A Kennedy gave an impassioned speech on national television to the American people promoting equality and an end to racial segregation. B Kennedy personally drafted a letter of condolences to Evers's widow. C Kennedy proposed new laws ending segregation by the service industry and making discriminatory employment practices illegal. D All of the above.

All of the above.

How was FDR able to renew American confidence in the banking system? A He closed all American banks for four days to allow for the implementation of reviews and new policies. B He passed new regulations that increased federal oversight over the banks. C He used the radio to communicate a message to the American people that promoted the reliability of reopened banks. D All of the above.

All of the above.

In the landmark case of Dred Scott v. Sandford, the Supreme Court held that: A Descendants of slaves, whether enslaved or free, could not be American citizens and therefore had no standing to sue in federal court. B The federal government had no power to regulate slavery in any federal territories acquired after the creation of the United States. C The Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional. D All of the above.

All of the above.

What effect did television have on American culture? A New shows portraying middle-class families served as examples for Americans' hopes and dreams for their own lives. B The rise of television commercials spurred on an already growing consumer culture. C Television allowed Americans to access important news and cultural events from within their own homes and, in turn, have a shared experience regardless of their location. D All of the above.

All of the above.

What made Frederick Douglass's antislavery argument so effective? A Douglas was the editor of an antislavery publication; this gave him access to a wide audience when sharing his message. B Douglass was an escaped slave, and he was able to use his self-taught reading and writing skills to convey the realities of slavery from his unique perspective. C Douglass was able to share his arguments with people in Europe and the Caribbean, garnering international support for his cause. D All of the above.

All of the above.

What progress did Native Americans make in obtaining stronger legal, political, and economic rights during the 1960s? A Congress passed the Indian Civil Rights Act of 1968 which guaranteed Native Americans' protection under the United States Constitution and gave Native Americans legal authority over their reservation lands. B Native Americans organized under the National Congress of American Indians to help protect their culture and push for political rights. C Native American rights groups like the American Indian Movement staged protests and took actions to bring attention to their poor living conditions and lack of equality in American society. D All of the above.

All of the above.

What role did music play in African American slave communities? A Music was used as a secret communication system. B Music was crucial in establishing and maintaining a cultural identity for African Americans. C Music was used as a means of expressing spirituality and during religious worship. D All of the above.

All of the above.

What support did Grant offer to Lee's forces in the Confederate surrender agreement at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865? A Confederate soldiers could keep their horses. B Confederate soldiers were granted free passage home. C Confederate soldiers were offered a ration of three days' worth of food. D All of the above.

All of the above.

What was the domestic American response to the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001? A There was a steep increase in American patriotism and solidarity. B The Department of Homeland Security was created to focus on counter-terrorism efforts at home and abroad. C The Patriot Act was signed giving federal agents unprecedented investigative powers to investigate potential terrorists. D All of the above.

All of the above.

What was the objective of the Lewis and Clark expedition? A To make contact and establish relations with the Native Americans living in the Louisiana Territory. B To survey the land America acquired in the Louisiana Purchase. C To gather information about the plants, wildlife, and natural resources in the Louisiana Territory. D All of the above.

All of the above.

What was the result of the Missouri Compromise? A The Massachusetts-controlled territory of Maine was brought into the Union as a free state. B Missouri was allowed to enter the Union as a slave state. C Slavery was banned in the Louisiana Territory north of the 36°30′ parallel (excluding Missouri). D All of the above.

All of the above.

Which of the following is an example of how slavery was opposed and combated in the United States in the years leading up to the Civil War (1800-1860)? A Abolitionist groups were formed throughout the Northern states. B Anti-slavery newspapers were established. C The Underground Railroad helped thousands of slaves escape to freedom in the Northern states and Canada. D All of the above.

All of the above.

Which of the following statements is true regarding the Treaty of Versailles, whose signing formally ended World War I in June 1919? A The United States did not sign the Treaty of Versailles. B The treaty required Germany to take the blame for the war and pay the Allies billions of dollars. C The treaty forced Germany to disarm and make substantial territorial concessions. D All of the above.

All of the above.

Which of the following was a major challenge faced by American ground troops fighting in Vietnam? A Differentiating between South Vietnamese allies and the North Vietnamese enemy. B Maneuvering through sense swamps and jungles. C Mounting physical and mental health problems brought on by the war. D All of the above.

All of the above.

Which of the following was true about factory conditions in the early decades of the nineteenth century? A Children as young as seven years old were sometimes employed in factories. B Workers usually worked shifts lasting over ten hours a day. C Conditions were typically dark, loud, and unsafe. D All of the above.

All of the above.

The Fourteenth Amendment states that: A The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude. B Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States... C All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States... D In case of the removal of the President from office or of his death or resignation, the Vice President shall become President.

All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States...

What was President Eisenhower's approach to Cold War military spending? A Although he aimed to slash military spending, Eisenhower was lured into an expensive arms race with the Soviet Union. B Eisenhower focused on developing a larger arsenal of conventional weapons and scaled back production of nuclear weapons. C Eisenhower refused to invest in any military spending that was not a nuclear weapon. D None of the above.

Although he aimed to slash military spending, Eisenhower was lured into an expensive arms race with the Soviet Union.

What was the result of the "Ping-Pong diplomacy" carried out between American and the Chinese in the early 1970s? A America and China used the table tennis matches as an opportunity to hatch a plan to re-enter Korea. B America and China used the table tennis team competitions as a competitive outlet for the rising militaristic tensions between the two nations. C America and China used the table tennis matches as leverage to force the Soviet Union to negotiate new regulations on nuclear weapons. D America and China used the table tennis trips as cover for the secret talks that opened up bilateral trade and set the stage for formal visits between the leaders of the two nations.

America and China used the table tennis trips as cover for the secret talks that opened up bilateral trade and set the stage for formal visits between the leaders of the two nations.

How did America respond to the war in Europe in the late 1930s? A America immediately joined in the conflict by sending weapons, money, and troops to England in large quantities. B America continued a policy of neutrality, but began putting pieces in place to prepare for war. C The American public and political leaders were largely unmoved by the war growing in Europe and felt little concern for its impact. D America doubled-down on even stricter neutrality policies to make it even more unlikely America would enter the European war.

America continued a policy of neutrality, but began putting pieces in place to prepare for war.

What was the American foreign policy response to the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001? A Rather than seeking a military response, America used diplomatic channels to find and capture those responsible for the 9/11 attacks. B America declared war on Afghanistan for their role in harboring terrorists related to the 9/11 attacks. C America declared war on terrorism. The "war on terror" would eventually lead to American invasions in both Afghanistan and Iraq, targeting anti-American leaders. D America quickly captured Taliban leader Osama Bin Laden and put him on trial for his role in the 9/11 attacks.

America declared war on terrorism. The "war on terror" would eventually lead to American invasions in both Afghanistan and Iraq, targeting anti-American leaders.

What led to the American intervention in the Persian Gulf War? A America launched an assault on Iraqi military targets after Saddam Hussein refused to withdraw from Kuwait. B America entered the Persian Gulf War to put an end to the repeated hostage crises involving Americans in the Middle East. C America sent troops to the Middle East to end the Saudi Arabian naval blockade in the Persian Gulf. D President Bush ordered troops into the Persian Gulf strictly to reinforce defenses at American embassies in the Middle East.

America launched an assault on Iraqi military targets after Saddam Hussein refused to withdraw from Kuwait.

How did America respond to the rise of communism, fascism, and ruling dictators across the globe throughout the 1920s and 1930s? A America opted to remain neutral. B America quickly worked with allies to aggressively stand up to the oppressive regimes. C America sold vast amounts of weapons to any and all nations willing to buy them. D American supported some of these nations and spoke out against others.

America opted to remain neutral.

What was the state of the American economy when Bill Clinton left office in 1998? A America was still struggling with the recession that Clinton had inherited from his predecessor, President Bush. B America was experiencing its largest budget surplus in decades. C America was on the verge of the largest economic depression since the Great Depression. D America's gross-domestic product had remained flat for the entirety of Clinton's second term.

America was experiencing its largest budget surplus in decades.

What was the response of the United States to the initial outbreak of war on the European continent in 1914? A America would help support the Allied Powers by sending supplies and loaning money, but America would not commit to the war militarily. B America would send troops, supplies, and weapons to the Allied Powers to help them win the war. C America would continue their trade with all European nations, including Great Britain, France, Germany, and Austria-Hungary. D America remained completely neutral in the war and did not help or seek to harm either side.

America would help support the Allied Powers by sending supplies and loaning money, but America would not commit to the war militarily.

What was the paradox in American society that led Mark Twain and Charles Dudley Warner to refer to late 1800s America as "The Gilded Age"? A All facets of American society were experiencing record levels of wealth and comfort. B America was focused on mining gold while neglecting other materials that would have had more industrial value. C American society had a powerfully wealthy exterior that was overshadowing a horrendously poverty-stricken lower class. D none of the above

American society had a powerfully wealthy exterior that was overshadowing a horrendously poverty-stricken lower class.

What was the result of the 1968 Tet offensive? A Americans and their South Vietnamese allies fought off the Vietcong and North Vietnamese. B The successful attack by the North Vietnamese and the Vietcong resulted in their acquisition of a substantial amount of South Vietnamese territory. C America became so disheartened by the poor performance of their South Vietnamese allies that they pulled out of the war within two months. D Both North and South Vietnam suffered such catastrophic losses that both sides agreed to a six-month cease-fire to replenish supplies and troops.

Americans and their South Vietnamese allies fought off the Vietcong and North Vietnamese.

Who did the Fifteenth Amendment formally grant the right to vote in 1870? A all citizens B all male citizens C all white, male citizens D all citizens excluding former slaves

all male citizens

What led to the boom in "cow towns" in the 1860s? A Improvements in agriculture created southern "cow towns" where the number of cattle outnumbered the human population. B Rodeo sports became more popular as entertainment resulting in "cow towns" where businessmen and families would flock to witness the ranching feats. C The railroad led to an increase in demand for dairy products which resulted in "cow towns" springing up to create the nation's first dairy factories. D An increased demand for beef in the North and East meant southern cattle ranchers needed to drive their cattle to railroad-connected "cow towns" to make the most profit.

An increased demand for beef in the North and East meant southern cattle ranchers needed to drive their cattle to railroad-connected "cow towns" to make the most profit.

What did the Revenue Act of 1935 put in place? A A mandatory minimum wage for all American workers B The Internal Revenue Service C A public registry of all money earned by American workers D An increased tax rate on large corporations and wealthy Americans

An increased tax rate on large corporations and wealthy Americans

What was the League of Nations? A An alliance created between the Allied Powers and several other European nations. B An effort to use the Olympic games as a way to settle international conflicts. C An international organization whose primary mission was to maintain world peace. D None of the above.

An international organization whose primary mission was to maintain world peace.

What was the result of the Election of 1824? A John Quincy Adams defeated Andrew Jackson in a landslide. B Andrew Jackson got more popular and electoral votes than any other candidate, but John Quincy Adams won the presidency. C John Quincy Adams won the popular vote but lost the electoral vote. D Andrew Jackson won the popular vote but lost the electoral vote.

Andrew Jackson got more popular and electoral votes than any other candidate, but John Quincy Adams won the presidency.

How did many Southern states work around the voting rights guaranteed in the Fifteenth Amendment? A Poll taxes prevented poor citizens from being able to vote. B Grandfather clauses gave citizens the right to vote if their grandfathers had been able to vote in elections prior to Reconstruction. C Literacy tests were put into place requiring citizens to read difficult passages from legal documents in order to be able to vote. D all of the above

all of the above

How did the war impact the lives of American women? A Women joined the military in record numbers. B Women joined the work force in record numbers. C Women participated in war efforts at home like growing gardens and finding creative ways to do without rationed items. D all of the above

all of the above

What was the main difference between Federalists and Anti-Federalists? A Federalists wanted independence from Britain, but Anti-Federalists wanted to remain as British colonies. B Anti-Federalists wanted independence from Britain, but Federalists wanted to remain as British colonies. C Federalists wanted a weak national government and strong state governments, but Anti-Federalists wanted a strong national government and weak state governments. D Anti-Federalists wanted a weak national government and strong state governments, but Federalists wanted a strong national government and weak state governments.

Anti-Federalists wanted a weak national government and strong state governments, but Federalists wanted a strong national government and weak state governments.

Why did Anti-Federalists, such as George Mason, push for the inclusion of a bill of rights in the United States Constitution. A Anti-Federalists wanted to ensure the Constitution would not gain enough state approval to replace the Articles of Confederation. B Anti-Federalists were worried that without a guarantee of certain rights, the federal government could overstep their bounds and encroach upon its citizens' freedoms. C Anti-Federalists wanted to mirror the constitutions of other successful governments. D Anti-Federalists wanted to give the federal government more power.

Anti-Federalists were worried that without a guarantee of certain rights, the federal government could overstep their bounds and encroach upon its citizens' freedoms.

What was the main cause of the 1973 oil crisis? A Arab members of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) embargoed oil shipments to the US in response to US support for Israel during the Yom Kippur War. B America's oil fields were fully depleted, so there was a sudden need to depend on imports for all of their oil. C America was using the majority of their fuel reserves to supply nuclear research efforts. D The American power grid was stretched too thin to supply enough power to satisfy the growing demands of homes and industries.

Arab members of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) embargoed oil shipments to the US in response to US support for Israel during the Yom Kippur War.

How was Andrew Carnegie's Carnegie Steel Company able to dominate the United States' steel industry? A Carnegie took advantage of a new steelmaking process that was both cheaper and more efficient. B Carnegie carried out a strategy of vertical integration that gave him control over the companies he needed to produce and distribute his company's steel. C Carnegie secured lucrative contracts with the nation's largest railroads. D all of the above

all of the above

How was President Woodrow Wilson and the Democratic Congress able to challenge and regulate American big business? A The Federal Trade Commission was created as a means of investigating illegal business and trade practices. B The Federal Reserve Act created rigid regulations and oversight for American banks. C The Clayton-Antitrust Act helped bolster the federal government's ability to break up trusts. D all of the above

all of the above

What effect did mass media have upon American society? A News coverage become more widespread resulting in a more informed public. B Advertising became more ubiquitous throughout daily life. C Radio broadcasts and newspaper coverage raised interest in professional sports. D all of the above

all of the above

What impact did the automobile have on the American economy? A Automakers employed millions of Americans throughout the 1920s. B Increased automobile ownership created growth in car-related industries and road-side businesses. C Henry Ford's invention of the automobile assembly line revolutionized mass production. D all of the above

all of the above

What was the result of the Works Progress Administration's efforts? A A total of 650,000 miles of roads were either built or repaired. B Nearly two million Americans were put to work. C Thousands of public buildings, airports, and bridges were built. D all of the above

all of the above

What was the result of the dropping of the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki? A Over 100,000 people were killed by the bomb blasts and resulting radiation illnesses. B It would lead to the Japanese surrender less than two weeks later. C The ecological impact of the bombs' radiation was felt for years and for miles beyond the initial blast radius. D all of the above

all of the above

Which of the following conditions in Germany helped lead to Adolf Hitler's rise to power in the 1920s? A Germans were angry about the nation's failing economy. B German people were becoming more and more distrustful of other races and cultures. C Germans were angry about what all they were forced to give up in the Treaty of Versailles. D all of the above

all of the above

Which of the following describes the African American experience in the Reconstruction-Era South? A African Americans began to be elected to federal, state, and local governmental posts. B Despite the passage of progressive new laws, racist attitudes prevented open access to employment, education, voting, and protection against violence. C Sharecropping practices kept many African Americans in working conditions that weren't a significant improvement over slavery. D all of the above

all of the above

Which of the following describes the changing workforce of the Great Depression Era? A Women began entering the workforce in larger numbers. B More young people opted to remain in school instead of entering the workforce. C African Americans suffered employment rates significantly higher than whites, but did benefit from several New Deal employment programs. D all of the above

all of the above

Which of the following statements best describes the outcomes of the Battle of Verdun and the Battle of Somme? A Both battles resulted in massive amounts of casualties on each side and minimal gains of territory. B The Allied Powers took massive amounts of territory back from the Central Powers. C The Central Powers decimated the Allied Powers' armies and continued their push for more territory. D The battles saw minimal casualties and did little to break the stalemate between the two sides.

Both battles resulted in massive amounts of casualties on each side and minimal gains of territory.

Which of the following was a positive benefit of the American railroad system developed in the mid-1800s? A Railroads made it possible to transport goods faster and more inexpensively between regions of the country. B Railroads connected major cities making communication and transportation faster and more reliable. C Railroads led to an increase in the populations of western states. D all of the above

all of the above

What was the major dispute over the Oregon Territory? A Both the United States and Britain claimed rights to the territory. B There was an intense debate over the legality of slavery in the new territory. C There was turmoil within the Congress about how much new territory should be added the United States. D Native American tribes refused to allow the American military to establish protective forts in the new territory.

Both the United States and Britain claimed rights to the territory

What was the agreement reached between Britain, France, and Germany at the 1938 Munich Conference? A The nations agreed to divide the European continent into three separate regions of control. B The three nations agreed to reinstate open trade. C The three nations agreed to avoid actions designed to entice American involvement in European affairs. D Britain and France agreed to appease Germany by giving into Hitler's demands to annex the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia in exchange for an end to further German expansion.

Britain and France agreed to appease Germany by giving into Hitler's demands to annex the Sudetenland region of Czechoslovakia in exchange for an end to further German expansion.

Pontiac's Rebellion was a Native American response to: A. British colonists settling in lands promised to the Native Americans B. The end of the French and Indian War C. The Proclamation of 1763 D. Broken promises by the French government

British colonists settling in lands promised to the Native Americans

What was the main cause of Bacon's Rebellion in 1676? A. British colonists wanted a larger share of the Virginia Company's profits than they were being given. B. British colonists were upset that they couldn't settle western lands due an agreement with Native Americans. C. British colonists wanted religious freedom. D. British colonists wanted to break away from the British Empire.

British colonists were upset that they couldn't settle western lands due an agreement with Native Americans.

Where did the majority of the ideas for the technological advancements in the Industrial Revolution come from? A Benjamin Franklin B British factories C French inventors D American creativity

British factories

On what grounds did President Bush invade Panama and overthrow General Manual Noriega? A Bush wanted to protect the American-built Panama Canal from being used by the corrupt military leader's troops. B Bush used America's "war on drugs" as justification for overthrowing the corrupt Panamanian General for his prominent role in American drug trafficking. C Bush sent military support into Panama at the request of the United Nations in order to address rampant human rights violations in the country. D All of the above.

Bush used America's "war on drugs" as justification for overthrowing the corrupt Panamanian General for his prominent role in American drug trafficking.

What was President George Bush's response to China's 1989 massacre of protestors in Tiananmen Square? A Bush immediately condemned the action and imposed strict sanctions on Chinese trade. B Bush mobilized U.S. troops to protect democratic protestors in other regions of China in an attempt to prevent similar tragedies. C Bush was measured in his response to the tragedy as he was focused on preserving diplomatic and trade relations with China. D The Bush administration sided with the Chinese and offered military support to prevent future protests.

Bush was measured in his response to the tragedy as he was focused on preserving diplomatic and trade relations with China.

What was the reaction of American "big business" to FDR's New Deal programs? A Nation-wide, business leaders were eager to lend their support to Roosevelt's recovery programs. B Business leaders were indifferent to Roosevelt's New Deal programs as they had little effect on large business interests. C Business leaders largely opposed Roosevelt's New Deal and viewed them as attempts to interfere with the free enterprise system. D Business leaders used their political weight to help lobby for the creation of additional New Deal programs.

Business leaders largely opposed Roosevelt's New Deal and viewed them as attempts to interfere with the free enterprise system.

Which of the following best describes the economic system of the United States: A Communism B Capitalism C Socialism D Barter

Capitalism

What was President Carter's response to the nuclear disaster at Three Mile Island nuclear power plant in 1979? A Carter responded to the rising fear of nuclear power by ordering America's nuclear power plants to be shut down until the Three Mile Island incident could be properly investigated. B Carter continued his support for nuclear power despite protests and growing concern among Americans over the safety of nuclear power. C Carter suspected Russian interference and sent undercover operatives to destabilize Soviet nuclear reactors as retaliation. D All of the above.

Carter continued his support for nuclear power despite protests and growing concern among Americans over the safety of nuclear power.

What effect did the 1979 Iranian hostage crisis have on Jimmy Carter's presidency? A Carter's successful negotiation to return the American hostages from Iran was a key part of his reelection campaign and the trademark success of his presidential legacy. B Carter used the Iranian hostage crisis as grounds to abandon his sweeping foreign policy platforms in favor of a more isolationist, America-first tone. C Carter was forced push for a massive increase in American military spending despite his personal political goal to focus on American domestic issues. D Carter's failure to solve the hostage crisis before the 1980 election dealt a crippling blow to his popularity amongst the American people and would be a key factor in his reelection loss.

Carter's failure to solve the hostage crisis before the 1980 election dealt a crippling blow to his popularity amongst the American people and would be a key factor in his reelection loss.

What types of protest methods did Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference advocate? A Civil rights workers were instructed to take up acts of civil disobedience to protest unjust laws in nonviolent ways. B Civil rights activists were told to fight for their rights by any means necessary. C Civil rights workers were directed to vandalize and deface the properties of known racists. D Civil rights activists were told to take no direct actions other than voting for progressive government leaders.

Civil rights workers were instructed to take up acts of civil disobedience to protest unjust laws in nonviolent ways.

What led Native American tribes such as the Anasazi to create cliff dwellings in the American Southwest? a. They did not know how to build other types of structures. b. Cliffs provided natural protection and were strong enough to hold up to the environment. c. It was easier to farm in a cliff than on the ground. d. The higher elevation allowed them to feel closer to the gods.

Cliffs provided natural protection and were strong enough to hold up to the environment.

The passage of the Quartering Act in 1765 allowed British forces stationed in the colonies what rights? A. Colonists were required to provide British military personnel with housing and food. B. The right to take 25% of all profits made by merchants operating in the colonies. C. The right to divide colonies into smaller regions, designed for easier control of territory. D. The authority to change the currency and coinage used in the American colonies.

Colonists were required to provide British military personnel with housing and food.

Which of the following best describes the establishment of communist North Vietnam? A Communist leader Ho Chi Minh led successful revolts against the occupying Japanese near the end of World War II and then the colonizing French a decade later. B Communist leader Ho Chi Minh led a successful revolt against the Chinese colonizing the region. C The Soviet Union invaded Vietnam and took control of the region from the French. D China invaded Vietnam and took control of the region from the French.

Communist leader Ho Chi Minh led successful revolts against the occupying Japanese near the end of World War II and then the colonizing French a decade later.

What was the significance of the attack on Fort Sumter? A Confederate artillery fired on the United States' fort. These were the first shots of the Civil War. B Union artillery fired on the Confederate fort. These were the first shots of the Civil War. C The British attack on the Confederate fort signified that Great Britain would support the Union in the Civil War. D The British attack on the Union fort signified that Great Britain would support the Confederacy in the Civil War.

Confederate artillery fired on the United States' fort. These were the first shots of the Civil War.

What happened to the Aztec capital of Tenochtitlan? A. It was deemed a poor excuse for a city and left alone by Cortés. B. Cortés had it destroyed and Mexico City was built in its place. C. It was taken over by invading Inca armies and renamed. D. Historians are uncertain about the fate of Tenochtitlan.

Cortés had it destroyed and Mexico City was built in its place.

Which of the following was a cause of the severe drop in employment in the late 1920s and early 1930s? A Increased international trade. B Falling wages. C Laborers lacked the required skills for employment. D Demand for expensive items like cars and appliances began to dry up causing factories to lay off unneeded laborers.

Demand for expensive items like cars and appliances began to dry up causing factories to lay off unneeded laborers.

Which of the following is the best example demonstrating the growth of the American consumer economy in the 1920s? A Electricity became widely available in American homes. B Demand grew for new devices like refrigerators, radios, and vacuum cleaners and they became more commonplace in American homes. C Americans participated in anti-communist rallies in growing numbers. D American international trade stayed relatively consistent throughout the decade.

Demand grew for new devices like refrigerators, radios, and vacuum cleaners and they became more commonplace in American homes.

What was the cause of the protests at the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago? A Supporters of third-party candidate George Wallace wanted to raise awareness for their choice for president. B Pro-war democrats felt their voices were not being heard. They feared that the nomination of Vice President Hubert Humphrey signaled a premature end to the Vietnam War. C Republicans were angered over the lack of attention given to their nominee, Richard Nixon. D Democrats opposed to the Vietnam War felt that Vice President Hubert Humphrey's nomination would mean a continuation of President Johnson's failed war policies.

Democrats opposed to the Vietnam War felt that Vice President Hubert Humphrey's nomination would mean a continuation of President Johnson's failed war policies.

How did the Amnesty Act of 1872 change Southern politics? A Republicans regained a substantial number of voters who had previously been denied voting rights due to unproven war crimes. B Democrats who were previously unable to vote due to their Confederate ties were now able to vote and run for office. C A large number of immigrants and African Americans were given voting rights. D The Democratic Party was disbanded and replaced with a new, more liberal version of the Republican Party.

Democrats who were previously unable to vote due to their Confederate ties were now able to vote and run for office.

Which of the following could be considered a major result of the Battle of the Bulge? A Despite a strong initial surge, the Germans were defeated at the Battle of the Bulge and would never fully recover from the loss. B The Germans were successful in their attack into the Belgian front and were able to slow the Allies' momentum. C The battle was a stalemate and neither side gained any ground. D none of the above

Despite a strong initial surge, the Germans were defeated at the Battle of the Bulge and would never fully recover from the loss.

What was the reaction to Reagan administration's deal to end the Iran-Contra affair? A Despite successfully freeing the American prisoners in Lebanon, there was widespread outrage over Reagan's decision to sell American weapons to Iran and fund the Nicaraguan contras. B Reagan was put on trial by the House Judiciary Committee and found guilty of interfering with Congress's responsibility to negotiate foreign policy. C Reagan was lauded as a hero for his creative solution to the foreign policy calamity that was the Iran-Contra scandal. D The Reagan administration plan to trade weapons to the Iranians for the American hostages held in Lebanon was blocked by Congress. Instead, Congress opted to arm Nicaraguan contras to launch hostage recuse efforts.

Despite successfully freeing the American prisoners in Lebanon, there was widespread outrage over Reagan's decision to sell American weapons to Iran and fund the Nicaraguan contras.

What was the relationship like between the United States and South Korean leader Ngo Dinh Diem? A Diem was eager to work with the United States to both combat the Vietcong and rebuild South Korean infrastructure to help limit the appeal of communism. B Diem accepted American military aid, however he refused to take the necessary steps to prevent corruption from interfering with the domestic problems facing his people. The United States approved a coup of Diem to remove him from power. C Diem was hostile towards Kennedy and his offers of military assistance to the South Vietnamese. Kennedy ended up sending American troops to support the South Vietnamese people anyway. D Beyond supplying military aid to South Vietnam, President Kennedy successfully helped Diem gain political support from the South Vietnamese people.

Diem accepted American military aid, however he refused to take the necessary steps to prevent corruption from interfering with the domestic problems facing his people. The United States approved a coup of Diem to remove him from power.

What of the following was the leading cause of death among Civil War soldiers? A Gunshot wounds B Disease C Cannon fire D Stabbing wounds

Disease

Which of the following best describes the process by which James Meredith was enrolled as the first African American student at the University of Mississippi in 1962? A Meredith faced angry protests from students and community members, however the protests were fairly peaceful and subsided within a few days. B Meredith was prevented from enrolling or attending the University of Mississippi in person due to the large protests and student opposition. Meredith was forced to complete his degree from home through a distance learning program. C Due to the violent opposition to desegregating the school, Meredith had to be escorted by federal marshals in order to both enroll and complete his degree at the University of Mississippi. D Surprisingly, Meredith faced hardly any opposition to his enrollment at the University of Mississippi.

Due to the violent opposition to desegregating the school, Meredith had to be escorted by federal marshals in order to both enroll and complete his degree at the University of Mississippi.

Which of the following best describes President Eisenhower's approach to domestic policy? A Eisenhower was very progressive; throughout him term he sought to create many new social welfare programs. B Eisenhower was very conservative; he cut hundreds of government jobs and eliminated social welfare programs. C Eisenhower was a moderate; he worked to prevent excessive government spending while continuing most New Deal programs. D Eisenhower was erratic in his domestic policies and was largely unpopular.

Eisenhower was a moderate; he worked to prevent excessive government spending while continuing most New Deal programs.

What major 1975 voting rights action helped grant increased political access to Hispanic Americans? A Hispanic American citizens were legally allowed to vote in American federal elections. B Hispanic Americans citizens were allowed to run for political office for the first time. C Election and voting materials had to be made available in other languages to accommodate Americans who were not fluent in English. D American immigrants from the Caribbean as well as Central and South America only had to be residents of the United States for 2 months before being offered citizenship.

Election and voting materials had to be made available in other languages to accommodate Americans who were not fluent in English.

How did the increased availability of electricity affect American industry in the 1920s? A Electricity was not widely available in America until well into the 1930s and thus it had little impact on American industry. B Electricity was more expensive than steam power which meant factories that used electricity had slimmer profit margins. C Electricity was less expensive than steam power which meant products became cheaper to produce and purchase. D Electricity was extremely dangerous and led to an exponential increase in the number of factory explosions in the 1920s.

Electricity was less expensive than steam power which meant products became cheaper to produce and purchase.

Why did a majority of African Americans support the British Empire during the Revolutionary War? A Enslaved African Americans were promised freedom if they fought for the British. B African Americans wanted to gain valuable experience by learning British military tactics. C African Americans did not agree that the American colonies should be breaking away from Great Britain. D Enslaved African Americans were given no choice but to fight for their British masters.

Enslaved African Americans were promised freedom if they fought for the British.

How did American immigration patterns change in the latter half of the 19th century? A Immigration largely dried up due to a boom in European industrial jobs in the 1870s. B European immigrants were coming primarily from the eastern and southern regions of the continent as opposed to the western and northern regions as they had in previous generations. C More so than in previous eras, immigrants arrived with a fluency in the American dialect and a familiarity with American cultural traditions. D There were drastically fewer regulations imposed on immigrants seeking entry into the United States.

European immigrants were coming primarily from the eastern and southern regions of the continent as opposed to the western and northern regions as they had in previous generations.

How did the Compromise of 1877 effectively end Reconstruction? A The federal government pledged larger amounts of financial assistance to the Southern states. B Federal troops were removed from the Southern states and the Democratic majority was entrusted to protect and enforce the rights of African Americans. C A large number of Republican lawmakers regained seats in Southern state governments, but chose to abandon Reconstruction reforms. D none of the above

Federal troops were removed from the Southern states and the Democratic majority was entrusted to protect and enforce the rights of African Americans.

What was the result of the election of 1796? A Federalist John Adams was elected president and Democratic-Republican Thomas Jefferson was elected vice president. B Federalist John Adams was elected president and fellow Federalist Charles Pinckney was elected vice president. C Democratic-Republican Thomas Jefferson was elected president and Federalist John Adams was elected vice president. D Democratic-Republican Thomas Jefferson was elected president and fellow Democratic-Republican Aaron Burr was elected vice president.

Federalist John Adams was elected president and Democratic-Republican Thomas Jefferson was elected vice president.

Which of the following best describes the ideological differences between the Federalist Party and the Democratic-Republican Party? A Federalists were in favor of a strong national government and a loose interpretation of the Constitution. while the Democratic-Republicans favored stronger state governments and a stricter interpretation of the Constitution. B Federalists were focused on protecting farmers and the working class from government overreach, but Democratic-Republicans were more concerned with bolstering the nation's industries and supporting the wishes of the wealthy. C Federalists wanted to expand international trade, while Democratic-Republicans wanted to use tariffs to protect American business. D None of the above.

Federalists were in favor of a strong national government and a loose interpretation of the Constitution. while the Democratic-Republicans favored stronger state governments and a stricter interpretation of the Constitution.

Which Spanish explorer perished before he could complete his part in the first voyage to circumnavigate the globe? A. Marco Polo B. Christopher Columbus C. Hernando de Soto D. Ferdinand Magellan

Ferdinand Magellan

Which of the following statements best describes the opening years of fighting in World War I? A The war was dynamic and ever-changing as the balance of power swung between the Allied Powers and the Central Powers. B Alliances broke down and nations began fighting for themselves rather than their allies. C The United States quickly intervened to help the Allied Powers. D Following the initial advances, both sides were caught in a deadlock of trench warfare for nearly three years.

Following the initial advances, both sides were caught in a deadlock of trench warfare for nearly three years.

What was the result of Nat Turner's Rebellion in August of 1831? A Nat Turner and his fellow slave rebels escaped to freedom in the North. B Nat Turner and a team of Northern abolitionists stormed the Virginia Statehouse to protest slavery in the South. C Following the violent uprising that left nearly sixty whites dead, Turner and 16 of his fellow slave rebels were caught and executed. D Nat Turner's Rebellion helped liberate the majority of Virginia plantations.

Following the violent uprising that left nearly sixty whites dead, Turner and 16 of his fellow slave rebels were caught and executed.

Who were the members of the Triple Entente? A France, Great Britain, Russia B France, Germany, Austria-Hungary C Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia D Germany, Russia, Italy

France, Great Britain, Russia

Who is the English sea captain known for raiding Spanish colonies and being the first captain to successfully circumnavigate the globe? A. John Cabot B. Francis Drake C. Henry Hudson D. Miles Standish

Francis Drake

Which conquistador conquered the Inca Empire? A. Francisco Pizarro B. Christopher Columbus C. Hernán Cortés D. James Cook

Francisco Pizarro

Which of the following best describes the actions taken by Marcus Garvey in the 1920s to help combat a growing racial unrest in the United States? A Garvey founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association to help build pride and unity in the African American community. B Garvey advocated for an African American militia to rise up against corruption and unfair treatment. C Garvey was elected to the House of Representatives and proposed a series of laws to help promote equality and fair treatment for African Americans. D Garvey fought to integrate African Americans into predominantly white communities and institutions.

Garvey founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association to help build pride and unity in the African American community.

Who took command of the Army of Northern Virginia on June 1, 1862? A General George McClellan B General Robert E. Lee C General Ulysses S. Grant D General Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson

General Robert E. Lee

What was the outcome of the 2000 presidential election? A George W. Bush defeated Al Gore in both the popular vote and the Electoral College. B George W. Bush defeated Al Gore in the Electoral College despite losing the popular vote. C Al Gore defeated George W. Bush in both the popular vote and the Electoral College. D Al Gore defeated George W. Bush in the Electoral College despite losing the popular vote.

George W. Bush defeated Al Gore in the Electoral College despite losing the popular vote.

Which of the following best describes the election of George Washington as America's first president: A The American public elected George Washington in a landslide victory. B George Washington was elected unanimously by the Electoral College. C George Washington narrowly defeated John Adams to become the first President. D George Washington was not elected to the Presidency; he was given this role due to his service and leadership during the Revolutionary War.

George Washington was elected unanimously by the Electoral College.

Which of the 13 American Colonies did not send delegates to the First Continental Congress in Philadelphia? A. Georgia B. New York C. New Jersey D. Virginia

Georgia

Who were the Hessians? A German mercenaries hired by the British to help fight against the American colonists B An elite British military group made famous by their skills in horsemanship C Privateers that worked to capture men and steal goods from colonial ships D A group of colonists that wished to stay out of the war entirely

German mercenaries hired by the British to help fight against the American colonists

Which country formally requested an armistice to end The Great War? A United States of America B Germany C France D Great Britain

Germany

What drew Great Britain into World War I? A Great Britain wanted to prevent Austria-Hungary from taking over the Balkan Peninsula. B Germany invaded Belgium; Great Britain was obligated by a treaty to protect Belgium from foreign invasion. C Great Britain saw an opportunity to expand their empire into the European mainland. D France was seeking help in an invasion upon Austria-Hungary and needed British naval support.

Germany invaded Belgium; Great Britain was obligated by a treaty to protect Belgium from foreign invasion.

How effective were the German attacks on the major Soviet cities of Leningrad, Moscow, and Stalingrad? A Germany was able to greatly cripple the Soviet war effort with successful sieges of the three crucial cities. B Germany was not able to take Leningrad, but by keeping Soviet forces occupied there, the German army was able to successfully take Moscow and Stalingrad. C Germany was able to take Moscow and Leningrad, but Stalingrad proved to be too formidable a challenge. D Germany was not able to capture and hold any of the three major Soviet cities and, as a result, wasted valuable time, soldiers, and resources.

Germany was not able to capture and hold any of the three major Soviet cities and, as a result, wasted valuable time, soldiers, and resources.

Who were the nations that made up the Axis Powers of World War II? A Germany, the Soviet Union, and Italy B Germany, the Soviet Union, Italy, and Japan C Germany, Italy, and Japan D Germany and Italy

Germany, Italy, and Japan

Which of the following European explorers was the first to chart the east coast of what is now the United States? A. Christopher Columbus B. Giovanni da Verrazzano C. Henry Hudson D. John Cabot

Giovanni da Verrazzano

How did Mikhail Gorbachev's ascent to power in the Soviet Union affect relations with the United States? A America was forced to take a defensive posture as Gorbachev discarded the SALT II treaty and immediately began ramping up the production of nuclear arms. B Gorbachev remained largely non-communicative with the United States which led to an overall sense of distrust and confusion between the two superpowers. C Gorbachev dismissed the idea of diplomatic relations with the United States and, instead, focused the Soviet Union's efforts on forming tighter bonds with the communist People's Republic of China. D Gorbachev advocated policies known as glasnost and perestroika which opened the Soviet Union up to more democratic policies and an overall warming of relations with the United States.

Gorbachev advocated policies known as glasnost and perestroika which opened the Soviet Union up to more democratic policies and an overall warming of relations with the United States.

Which of the following was one of the most significant results of Union General Ulysses S. Grant's campaign in the West? A Grant secured long stretches of the Mississippi and its connecting rivers for the Union. B Grant liberated many Southern plantations which crippled the Southern economy. C Grant's troops sank the entire Confederate ironclad fleet. D All of the above.

Grant secured long stretches of the Mississippi and its connecting rivers for the Union.

What was the major significance of the American capture of Guam? A Guam provided more of a moral victory for the Allies than a strategic one. B Guam was the first Pacific island captured by General MacArthur. C Guam gave the Allies a launching point close enough for aerial and naval attacks on the main Japanese islands. D Guam was only held by the American forces for a single day before being recaptured by the Japanese.

Guam gave the Allies a launching point close enough for aerial and naval attacks on the main Japanese islands.

What tactic did Alexander Hamilton use to get the Southern states to agree to his plan for the federal government to pay off the states' war debts? A Hamilton threatened to withhold future federal funds from states that did not go along with his repayment plan. B States that did not support his plan would be considered outside the realm of American military protection. C Hamilton agreed to move the nation's capital into the South. D Hamilton was able to gather enough votes in Congress to overrule the Southern states' objections.

Hamilton agreed to move the nation's capital into the South.

What was the main disagreement that led to the fatal duel between Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr? A Hamilton and Burr had a dispute over personal debts. B Hamilton believed Burr was trying to become governor of New York to break the state away from the United States, so he sabotaged his campaign. C Hamilton and Burr had a dispute over a woman. D Burr was convinced that Hamilton was secretly working with a foreign power and actively plotting against the United States.

Hamilton believed Burr was trying to become governor of New York to break the state away from the United States, so he sabotaged his campaign.

Which of the following best describes the Warren G. Harding presidency? A Harding and his cabinet were very successful at rebuilding the nation's trust in American government. B Harding demonstrated tremendous political, economic, and strategic skill throughout his two terms in office. C Harding and his administration were marked by numerous examples of scandal and cronyism. D Harding's administration was unremarkable in that there were no notable positive or negative events.

Harding and his administration were marked by numerous examples of scandal and cronyism.

Which of the following best summarizes President Lincoln's attitude toward the policies and process of Reconstruction? A He believed the South should not be welcomed back into the Union B He believed the Southern states should have to recognize equal rights for African Americans before being welcomed back into the Union C He insisted that a majority of Southern citizens take an oath of loyalty before the South could be welcomed back into the Union D He believed that there would be no benefit to punishing southern states.

He believed that there would be no benefit to punishing southern states.

How did President Truman respond to the invasion of South Korea by North Korea in 1950? A He immediately deployed American ground forces to help defend South Korea. B He waited to see if South Korean military forces could defend themselves before sending any military support. C He deployed American troops as part of a NATO coalition. D He called for a naval blockade and urged the United Nations to intervene.

He called for a naval blockade and urged the United Nations to intervene.

How did President George Washington's involve America in the French Revolution? A He supplied the French rebels with weapons, but decided not to commit American soldiers to the conflict. B He couldn't spare money or supplies for the French rebels, but he did commit American soldiers to the conflict. C He sent supplies and soldiers to France in order to help the French rebels overthrow their government. D He decided to remain neutral in the conflict.

He decided to remain neutral in the conflict.

Why did George Washington only serve two terms as president? A He lost reelection to his vice president, John Adams. B The Constitution barred presidents from serving a third term. C He did not seek reelection to a third term. D He was too sick to remain in office.

He did not seek reelection to a third term.

What led Robert E. Lee to decide to to make his first invasion of the North? A He had a much larger force than the Union and wanted to capitalize on the advantage B He invaded the North while pursuing retreating Union forces C He was urged by leaders in England and France to be more aggressive D He invaded the North to acquire food and supplies that his troops needed

He invaded the North to acquire food and supplies that his troops needed

What did Washington choose to do immediately following the end of the war? A He began campaigning to become the first President of the United States. B He resigned from the army and returned home to Virginia. C He toured the colonies trying to build cohesion and plans for a government. D He traveled to Europe to thank the French and Spanish for their support during the war.

He resigned from the army and returned home to Virginia.

What was true of President Ronald Reagan's economic policies? A His policies led to a reduction in the national debt B His policies increased inflation and lowered economic growth C He sought to stimulate the economy with a large, across-the-board tax cut D All of the above

He sought to stimulate the economy with a large, across-the-board tax cut

Why did President James Madison ask Congress for a declaration of war against the British in 1812? A He wanted to expand American interests on the European continent. B He was carrying out policies put in place during the Presidency of Thomas Jefferson. C He wanted to capture Canadian territory and fight back against naval harassment from the British Empire. D He was trying to distract the American public from the scandals of his administration.

He wanted to capture Canadian territory and fight back against naval harassment from the British Empire.

What was President Jefferson's initial reaction to the British kidnapping and impressment of American sailors? A He instructed Secretary of State James Madison to start building a case for war. B He immediately launched a campaign to both recover the kidnapped Americans and retaliate by kidnapping British sailors. C He was upset by the British aggression and called for a boycott of British goods. D None of the above.

He was upset by the British aggression and called for a boycott of British goods.

How did President Jefferson deal with the Barbary pirates? A He paid bribes to the Barbary pirates to ensure safe passage for American ships in the Mediterranean Sea. B He joined with several European nations in an effort to capture and dismantle the fleet of ships crewed by Barbary pirates. C He went to war with Tripoli, the home base of the Barbary pirates. D He refused to negotiate with the pirates; instead he avoided trade in the Mediterranean Sea until European forces expelled the threat.

He went to war with Tripoli, the home base of the Barbary pirates.

What actions did President Herbert Hoover take in an effort to get the country out of the Great Depression? A He worked to keep wages high, increased federal spending, expanded the Federal Farm Board, blocked immigration, and raised tariffs. B He launched the New Deal which focused on relief, recovery, and reform. C He took no significant actions because of his laissez-faire philosophy. D His main focus was on getting help from Europe since America had proven to be such a crucial ally in World War I.

He worked to keep wages high, increased federal spending, expanded the Federal Farm Board, blocked immigration, and raised tariffs.

Which conquistador conquered the Aztec Empire? A. Francisco Pizarro B. Christopher Columbus C. Hernán Cortés D. James Cook

Hernán Cortés

What was the strongest aspect of George Washington's leadership as a general during the American Revolution? A His ability to win all of the battles that his army was engaged in B His ability to keep the army together and fighting C His ability to negotiate with the British D He did not show any strong leadership characteristics during the American Revolution.

His ability to keep the army together and fighting

What was the result of the Battle of Britain? A Hitler relentlessly bombed and harassed Great Britain, but was not able to take control of the island nation. B Hitler laid waste to much of Britain's major cities and industrial centers resulting in a reluctant British surrender. C The British decimated Hitler's forces and immediately began a successful counter-offensive into mainland Europe. D French forces used the battle as a distraction to reclaim their country from the Nazi invaders.

Hitler relentlessly bombed and harassed Great Britain, but was not able to take control of the island nation

What was the strategic motivation for the Soviet-German Non-Aggression Pact between Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin in August of 1939? A Hitler and Stalin were longtime friends, the pact simply formalized their alignment. B Hitler wanted to invade Poland without Stalin feeling threatened. C Stalin wanted to attack Poland but did not want Hitler to mistake the action as a potential threat on Germany. D Hitler wanted Stalin's help invading Poland.

Hitler wanted to invade Poland without Stalin feeling threatened.

What was the reaction to the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. on April 4, 1968? A News of the assassination was slow to spread which muted the national response. B The nation came together to peacefully mourn the loss; the vigils served to unite America across racial lines and calm the racial tensions in American society. C Hundreds of American cities experienced violent and destructive riots. D All of the above.

Hundreds of American cities experienced violent and destructive riots.

What was the major political disagreement surrounding Missouri's entrance into the Union? A Missouri did not have a large enough population to be admitted to the United States, but some members of Congress insisted on it anyway. B Most members of Congress were fine with Missouri entering the Union, however, many wanted to deny any funding to be spent on internal improvements in the new state for at least five years. C Missouri's borders were unclear and would potentially encroach on the neighboring states of Kentucky and Tennessee. D If Missouri entered into the Union as a state where slavery was legal, the balance of slave-states to free-states would be broken.

If Missouri entered into the Union as a state where slavery was legal, the balance of slave-states to free-states would be broken.

Which of these statements best describes Eisenhower's domino theory? A Success in the Cold War would be determined by both good luck and strategy. B If either China or the Soviet Union collapsed, the other would collapse shortly thereafter. C If one nation in a region came under communist control, neighboring nations would follow suit one-by-one. D If Eisenhower could gain military support from one European nation, the others would follow suit one-by-one.

If one nation in a region came under communist control, neighboring nations would follow suit one-by-one.

The _____________ were native peoples who settled in western mountains of South America. They worshipped the sun god and created vast temples, crafted golden ornaments, and carried out rituals to display their faith. Their population rose to over eight million people before succumbing to invading European explorers in the 1500s. a. Aztec b. Inca c. Maya d. Hopi

Inca

What was one problem caused by the use of new, more advanced weaponry during the Civil War? A These new weapons were so expensive that they could not be produced in large quantities. B These new weapons were extremely complex and could not be used safely by untrained soldiers. C These new weapons were far too heavy to transport on long marches. D Initially, generals did not adjust strategies to compensate for the improved range, accuracy, and firing rates of these new weapons.

Initially, generals did not adjust strategies to compensate for the improved range, accuracy, and firing rates of these new weapons.

The _____________ is a Native American group that settled in the Arctic regions of North America. To survive, they traditionally relied upon animal products like furs, oils, and fats that they could harvest from Arctic wildlife. a. Inuit b. Iroquois c. Dakota d. Sioux

Inuit

What was the risky investing practice that ultimately led to the stock market crash of 1929? A International companies were buying up all of the stock in American companies. B Businesses mistakenly assumed the American consumers would be willing to purchase big-ticket items like appliances and automobiles throughout the 1920s. C Investors had been buying stocks on margin rather than paying for stock purchases in full. D Investors had been leveraging their investments through the use of option contracts.

Investors had been buying stocks on margin rather than paying for stock purchases in full.

The _____________ Confederacy was a group made up of five tribes from the Northeastern Woodlands region of North America who came together to create and maintain a complex government. a. Inuit b. Navajo c. Iroquois d. Lenape

Iroquois

How did the Thirteenth Amendment change the Constitution? A It gave all men, regardless of race, the ability to vote in the United States. B It abolished slavery in the United States. C It gave women the right to vote in the United States. D It formally brought the Southern states back into the Union.

It abolished slavery in the United States.

How did the Twelfth Amendment change the presidential election process? A If there was a tie in the Electoral College, the popular vote would be used to break the tie instead of deferring to the House of Representatives. B It abolished the Electoral College. C It put a limit on the number of terms someone could be president. D It changed the way vice presidents were elected.

It changed the way vice presidents were elected.

Which of the following is true about the Treaty of Tordesillas? A. It established peace between the Spanish in North America and their neighboring native cultures. B. It ended a long-standing military conflict between Spain and Portugal. C. It was created to avoid conflicts between Catholic Church and the Church of England. D. It created a boundary line to divide the land discovered in the New World between Spain and Portugal.

It created a boundary line to divide the land discovered in the New World between Spain and Portugal.

Which of the following is true of the Civil Rights Act of 1866? A It declared that all people born in the United States are entitled to be citizens without regard to race, color, or previous condition of slavery. B It prohibited state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of slavery. C It was signed into law by President Andrew Johnson. D All of the above.

It declared that all people born in the United States are entitled to be citizens without regard to race, color, or previous condition of slavery.

How did the G.I. Bill affect American military veterans returning from war? A It required veterans to commit to a period of additional service before receiving their service bonuses B It enabled millions of returning veterans to attend college, buy homes, and find jobs C It allowed returning veterans to end their enlistments in exchange for a commitment to a public service job for at least five years D It enabled elite military veterans to serve as intelligence officers in the Cold War

It enabled millions of returning veterans to attend college, buy homes, and find jobs

What was the impact of the Supreme Court's decision in the case of Marbury v. Madison? A It established the principle of judicial review. B It made James Madison the chief justice of the Supreme Court. C It affirmed that federal laws have supremacy over state laws. D It showed that the Supreme Court could not stop Congress from passing laws that are contrary to the Constitution.

It established the principle of judicial review.

What did the Nineteenth Amendment add to the United States Constitution? A It guaranteed African Americans the right to vote and hold public office. B It guaranteed women the right to vote to vote and hold public office. C It made the production, sale and consumption of alcohol illegal. D It made the production, sale and consumption of alcohol legal.

It guaranteed women the right to vote to vote and hold public office

How did the passage of the Naturalization Act of 1798 affect the path to American citizenship? A It decreased the amount of time an immigrant had to be a resident of the United States before becoming a citizen. B It increased the amount of time an immigrant had to be a resident of the United States before becoming a citizen. C It created a series of committees that were responsible for screening applicants seeking citizenship. D It removed legal citizenship from the majority of Americans.

It increased the amount of time an immigrant had to be a resident of the United States before becoming a citizen.

What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 accomplish? A It provided financial bonuses to states that opted to desegregate public schools and public offices. B It ended racism in the United States. C It outlawed discrimination based upon race, gender, religion, or ethnicity in both employment practices and public affairs. D It required all government and business employers to hire one non-white employee for every three new hires.

It outlawed discrimination based upon race, gender, religion, or ethnicity in both employment practices and public affairs.

What was the significance of the verdict in the Supreme Court case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas? A It maintained that segregation would remain in American's public schools if the local communities voted in support of it. B It proclaimed that the notion of "separate but equal" violated the Fourteenth Amendment. C It required local municipalities to provide additional funding to ensure segregated schools were of equal quality. D It required all local board of education decisions to be approved by outside overseers.

It proclaimed that the notion of "separate but equal" violated the Fourteenth Amendment.

Which of these statements is true regarding the Battle of Antietam? A It was the final battle of the war. B It was the longest battle of the war. C It produced the highest single-day casualty rate of the war. D It was a decisive victory for the South.

It produced the highest single-day casualty rate of the war

What did the Embargo Act of 1807 do? A It prohibited American ships from trading in all foreign ports. B It prohibited trade with Britain, but didn't apply to other countries. C It prohibited trade with France, but didn't apply to other countries. D It banned exports to other countries, but still allowed for imports.

It prohibited American ships from trading in all foreign ports.

What impact did the capture of American U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers have on relations between the United States and the Soviet Union? A It proved the ruthlessness of new Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev towards his American foes. B It reversed a period of improving relations between the United States and the Soviet Union. C It showed the Soviets that the United States was willing to sacrifice military personnel to avoid war. D The peaceful resolution following the spy plane incident set the tone for a new era of decreased tensions between the two superpowers.

It reversed a period of improving relations between the United States and the Soviet Union.

What impact did the first Battle of Bull Run have on the expectations for the war? A It confirmed that the Civil War would conclude quickly. B It confirmed the superiority of the Union forces. C It set the tone for a longer and bloodier conflict than either side had envisioned. D It confirmed that the Confederacy would be unable to defend the city of Richmond.

It set the tone for a longer and bloodier conflict than either side had envisioned.

What was the result of the Battle of the Alamo? A A large army, comprised of American settlers in Texas, successfully fought off Santa Anna's much smaller Mexican force. B Santa Anna's army easily defeated the weak American force. C Santa Anna's forces fell to the much smaller American forces which were defending the Alamo mission. D It took Santa Anna's army nearly two weeks to defeat a much smaller American force.

It took Santa Anna's army nearly two weeks to defeat a much smaller American force.

What was the result of the Battle of Bunker Hill? A The British laid waste to the colonial forces with ease. B It took the British several waves of costly attacks to successfully unseat the colonial forces from the hill. C The colonial forces successfully held off the British attack, but suffered heavy losses. D The colonial forces held off the British with minimal losses.

It took the British several waves of costly attacks to successfully unseat the colonial forces from the hill.

What was result of the Embargo Act of 1807? A It had mixed success and was finally repealed after the War of 1812. B It was a failure and it was repealed after 15 months. C It succeeded and remained in place up until World War I. D It forced Britain to stop their campaign of impressment and was subsequently repealed.

It was a failure and it was repealed after 15 months.

Which of the following best describes the headright system employed by the Jamestown colony? A. It was a system where settlers in the colony were granted the freedom to create their own local governments. B. It was a system used to choose leadership in the Jamestown colony. C. It was a system created to keep colonists safe from Native American attack. D. It was a system that guaranteed 50 acres of land for every colonist who paid for their own transport to the colony.

It was a system that guaranteed 50 acres of land for every colonist who paid for their own transport to the colony.

What was the significance of the battle between the Monitor and the Merrimack? A It was the first naval victory for the Union in the Civil War. B It was the first naval victory for the Confederacy in the Civil War. C It was the first time in history two ships would run aground in the same battle. D It was the first time in history two ironclad ships met in battle.

It was the first time in history two ironclad ships met in battle.

Which of the following is the best explanation of what Benjamin Franklin meant when, in reference to the signers of the Declaration of Independence, he stated, "We must all hang together, or most assuredly we shall all hang separately."? A. The signers should make it a point to spend time together to better get to know one another. B. Should they be arrested, Britain should execute them as a group to save time and effort. C. The signers should share the Declaration of Independence with the public as a group rather than trying to explain it individually. D. It would be in the signers' best interest to remain loyal to each other to help ensure their success and safety in their undertaking for independence.

It would be in the signers' best interest to remain loyal to each other to help ensure their success and safety in their undertaking for independence.

What was President Jackson's response to the Supreme Court decision, written by Chief Justice John Marshall, which stated that Georgia could not impose its laws upon Cherokee tribal lands. A Jackson respected the decision of the Supreme Court and left the Native American lands alone. B Jackson continued negotiations and reached a compromise with the Native American tribes. C Jackson disregarded the Supreme Court's ruling and implemented the Indian Removal Act of 1830. D Jackson instructed Chief Justice Marshall to resign from the Supreme Court.

Jackson disregarded the Supreme Court's ruling and implemented the Indian Removal Act of 1830.

What was President Jackson's response to South Carolina's attempt to nullify the federal tariffs which were passed by Congress in 1828? A Jackson agreed to the demands of South Carolina, repealing the tariffs. B Jackson allowed South Carolina to secede from the United States. C Jackson ignored South Carolina's complaints. D Jackson got Congressional authorization for the use of military force to enforce the tariff.

Jackson got Congressional authorization for the use of military force to enforce the tariff.

What effect did Andrew Jackson's presidency have on the National Bank? A Jackson vehemently opposed the National Bank as a tool of the wealthy; he vetoed a renewal of the bank's charter in 1836. B Jackson saw the National Bank as a necessary component of strengthening the national economy. C Jackson took over control of the National Bank and strengthened its role in the federal government. D Jackson's presidency had little effect on the National Bank.

Jackson vehemently opposed the National Bank as a tool of the wealthy; he vetoed a renewal of the bank's charter in 1836.

Who served as the President of the Confederacy? A Abraham Lincoln B Jefferson Davis C Robert E. Lee D The Confederacy did not elect a president.

Jefferson Davis

How did Jefferson deal with the national debt he inherited from the Federalist presidents before him? A Jefferson added to the national debt by increasing government spending. B Jefferson reduced the nation debt by reducing the number of military personnel and other federal employees. C Jefferson reduced the national debt by increasing taxation on US citizens. D Jefferson took no actions that changed the national debt.

Jefferson reduced the nation debt by reducing the number of military personnel and other federal employees.

Which of the following best describes the tone and message of President Thomas Jefferson's Inaugural Address? A Jefferson sought to mend divisions between the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans while also pushing for a smaller, weaker federal government. B Jefferson attacked Federalist ideology and boasted about his plans to dismantle the opposition party. C Breaking from the Democratic-Republican ideals he campaigned on, Jefferson laid out a plan to expand the power of the federal government. D Jefferson made it clear that creating stronger foreign relations was the number one priority of his administration.

Jefferson sought to mend divisions between the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans while also pushing for a smaller, weaker federal government.

What was the result of the Election of 1804? A Jefferson was reelected in a landslide over Federalist Charles Pinckney. B Jefferson ran unopposed and was reelected president by default. C Jefferson lost the election, but refused to give up his position. D Jefferson barely defeated his Federalist opponent.

Jefferson was reelected in a landslide over Federalist Charles Pinckney.

What was the status of relations between the Native American tribes and the United States government at the end of the Jefferson administration? A Jefferson had gone to great lengths to strengthen the bonds between the Native Americans and the United States through successful treaties and trade deals. B While both sides maintained their own interests in North America, Jefferson created a culture of tolerance between the Native Americans and the United States. C The Louisiana Territory was now a safer place for Native Americans who had previously endured harsh treatment under the occupation of the French and Spanish. D Jefferson's increased focus on westward expansion resulted in Native Americans losing their lands and falling victim to the increased spread of disease.

Jefferson's increased focus on westward expansion resulted in Native Americans losing their lands and falling victim to the increased spread of disease.

Who was the Boston lawyer who agreed to defend the British soldiers in the trial following the Boston Massacre? A. John Adams B. Samuel Adams C. Benjamin Franklin D. James Madison

John Adams

What was John Brown's approach to promoting abolition? A John Brown toured the South giving speeches trying to rally the population that did not own slaves to join the abolitionist cause. B John Brown ran for the United States Senate in an effort to end slavery by passing new federal laws. C John Brown led a series of violent raids against pro-slavery supporters and sought to arm slaves in a full-scale rebellion. D All of the above.

John Brown led a series of violent raids against pro-slavery supporters and sought to arm slaves in a full-scale rebellion.

What was the main issue at the heart of the 1925 Scopes trial? A John Scopes broke a Tennessee law banning the teaching of evolution instead of the Christian fundamentalist view of creationism. B John Scopes refused to teach evolution to his science students and instead chose to teach the biblical view of creation. C John Scopes was using his teaching position to try and influence his students with communist ideas. D John Scopes broke the law and tried to use his students to help participate in a protest against prohibition.

John Scopes broke a Tennessee law banning the teaching of evolution instead of the Christian fundamentalist view of creationism.

Who assassinated Abraham Lincoln? A Lee Harvey Oswald B John Wilkes Booth C James Earl Jones D James Earl Ray

John Wilkes Booth

What was President Johnson's response to General William Westmorland's request for more troops following the success in repelling the Tet offensive? A Johnson agreed and increased drafting efforts. B Johnson agreed to draft more troops but refused to do so in the large numbers Westmorland was looking for. C Johnson chose the moment following the Tet offensive to halt further attacks, call for a reassessment of the war, and appealed to the North Vietnamese to begin peace talks. D Johnson refused Westmorland's request, fired the general, and pushed for a renewed bombing effort rather than committing more ground troops to the war.

Johnson chose the moment following the Tet offensive to halt further attacks, call for a reassessment of the war, and appealed to the North Vietnamese to begin peace talks.

What was President Johnson's attitude towards involvement in Vietnam when he took office in 1963? A Johnson was not convinced the South Vietnamese could fend off the North Vietnamese and Vietcong with or without American aid; he immediately began withdrawing American troops from Vietnam. B Johnson was doubtful about South Vietnam's chances against the North Vietnamese and Vietcong, but felt America was already too committed to the fight to withdraw. C Johnson was eager to increase American involvement in Vietnam and was convinced that victory could be achieved quickly. D Johnson showed little interest in the Vietnam conflict and deferred all decisions to Congress and American military leaders.

Johnson was doubtful about South Vietnam's chances against the North Vietnamese and Vietcong, but felt America was already too committed to the fight to withdraw.

What was President Johnson's role in the period of Radical Reconstruction that took place in 1867 and 1868? A Johnson, a Democrat, had little control over Reconstruction policy due to the Republican control of Congress. B Johnson wrote much of the Reconstruction legislation himself. C Johnson pushed for laws limiting the Executive Branch's power to help ensure the policies included in the Radical Reconstruction plan would endure after he left office. D Johnson deliberately removed himself from the decisions involving Reconstruction.

Johnson, a Democrat, had little control over Reconstruction policy due to the Republican control of Congress.

Who rose to power as the Communist leader of the Soviet Union in the late 1920s following the death of Vladimir Lenin? A Adolf Hitler B Nikita Khrushchev C Joseph Stalin D Benito Mussolini

Joseph Stalin

__________ was the first Spaniard to land on the mainland of North America. His 1513 expedition sought to find gold as well as the fabled Fountain of Youth in the land now known as Florida. A. Christopher Columbus B. Marco Polo C. Juan Ponce de León D. Vasco da Gama

Juan Ponce de León

What was President Kennedy's political approach to addressing civil rights issues in America? A Kennedy advocated equality for African Americans, but knew legislation would have to be handled carefully to get through the Southern Democrats in Congress. B Kennedy used executive orders to enact groundbreaking civil rights laws without the need for Congress's approval. C Kennedy believed civil rights issues were best left to the individual states. D Kennedy did not offer much leadership on civil rights issues.

Kennedy advocated equality for African Americans, but knew legislation would have to be handled carefully to get through the Southern Democrats in Congress.

Which of the following best describes the effectiveness of labor unions in the 1880s and 1890s: A Labor unions were able to use well-planned strikes to secure better wages and working conditions across most major United States industries. B Labor unions were able to recruit impressive numbers of members, but had little success in challenging the unsafe and unfair practices of the companies and corporations that employed the members. C Labor unions struggled to gain enough membership to gain any meaningful attention. D Labor unions grew to the point that they represented the majority of American industrial and agricultural workers.

Labor unions were able to recruit impressive numbers of members, but had little success in challenging the unsafe and unfair practices of the companies and corporations that employed the members.

Which of the following skills would allow a culture to shift from being nomadic to settled? a. The ability to make durable weapons b. The ability to make fire c. Learning the skills necessary to farm d. Developing a written language

Learning the skills necessary to farm

Which of the following statements is true of Loyalists during the Revolutionary period? A Loyalists made up the majority of the population in the American colonies. B Loyalists had a strong presence in the New England region. C All Loyalists were committed members of the Anglican Church of England. D Loyalists preferred British rule to the ideas associated with colonial rebellion.

Loyalists preferred British rule to the ideas associated with colonial rebellion.

What crop made it possible for cultures in Mexico and Central American to transition from being nomadic to being settled? a. Tobacco b. Maize c. Squash d. Sugar

Maize

The _____________ civilization was one of the first major cultural groups in what is now Mexico and Central America. Their interest in astronomy influenced their religion, architecture, and highly accurate calendar. The civilization disappeared prior to the year 1,000 leaving behind little evidence about why they vanished. a. Aztec b. Inca c. Maya d. Hopi

Maya

How did the Freedom Riders seek to impact the Civil Rights Movement? A Members of the Ku Klux Klan called themselves "Freedom Riders" and travelled throughout the American South capturing, torturing, and lynching African Americans. B Members of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee traveled by horseback throughout the American South to protest unfair segregation laws pertaining to busses and trains. They called themselves "Freedom Riders". C Members from the Congress of Racial Equality called themselves "Freedom Riders" and rode busses into the American South to test the effectiveness of new anti-segregation laws pertaining to busses and interstate transportation. D Members of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference called themselves "Freedom Riders" and rode to Washington D.C. to protest the fact that the federal anti-segregation laws were not being enforced.

Members from the Congress of Racial Equality called themselves "Freedom Riders" and rode busses into the American South to test the effectiveness of new anti-segregation laws pertaining to busses and interstate transportation.

Many early Native Americans were considered nomads. This means that they: a. Migrated from place to place in search of food and resources b. Did not have a spoken language c. Created permanent settlements d. Did not eat meat

Migrated from place to place in search of food and resources

What was the overwhelming public reaction to the steelworker strike and others like it that were occurring across America in 1919? A Most Americans supported the laborers and their demands of higher wages and a shorter workday. B Most Americans disapproved of the strikes strictly because of their negative impacts on the American economy. C Most Americans viewed the strikes as fomenters of communism. D Most Americans were unaware that the strikes were taking place.

Most Americans viewed the strikes as fomenters of communism.

What position did Native American tribes take in the War of 1812? A Most Native American tribes supported the American war effort. B Most Native American tribes remained neutral, viewing the conflict as a European issue. C Most Native American tribes supported the British Empire during the conflict. D Native American tribes found themselves supporting both American and British interests at different points during the conflict, all in hopes of reclaiming previously held territories.

Most Native American tribes supported the British Empire during the conflict.

What change did the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) make to the way America traded with other North American nations? A NAFTA required all trade between Canada and Mexico to travel through American markets and be subject to American tariffs. B NAFTA protected some American businesses by increasing tariffs on products imported from Mexico and Canada. C NAFTA reduced the barriers to trade between Canada, Mexico, and the United States. D NAFTA had little to no effect on American trade relations.

NAFTA reduced the barriers to trade between Canada, Mexico, and the United States.

Why was Napoleon so eager to sell off the Louisiana Territory? A Napoleon wanted to build a friendly relationship with the United States and President Jefferson. B Napoleon was luring America into a trap. C Napoleon failed to put down a slave revolution in Haiti and was likely facing a war with Great Britain. D Napoleon was unable to deal with Native American revolts in the territory.

Napoleon failed to put down a slave revolution in Haiti and was likely facing a war with Great Britain.

Which of the following is the most widely accepted theory to explain how Native Americans immigrated to the Western Hemisphere? a. Native Americans traveled by boat across the Atlantic Ocean. b. Native Americans traveled over a land bridged that once connected Asia and North America. c. European explorers brought Native Americans to North America. d. Native Americas have always inhabited the Western Hemisphere.

Native Americans traveled over a land bridged that once connected Asia and North America.

Which of the following had the greatest impact on influencing Native American culture? a. Tribal warfare b. The Northwest Passage c. The Middle Passage d. Nature and environment

Nature and environment

What region of the United States saw the largest economic growth as a result of the Industrial Revolution? A The Mid-Atlantic states B The western frontier C New England D The Southern states

New England

Which of the following was a key voting bloc targeted by Richard Nixon's presidential campaign? A Nixon took a hard line promising to roll back integration laws and repeal the Civil Rights Act in order to appeal to Southern whites. B Nixon focused on winning the support of anti-war Americans who sought assurances that America would exit the war and outlined a very detailed timeline for doing so. C Nixon appealed to what he called the "silent majority" of Americans who wanted an end to the constant protests and violent uprisings taking place in America. D Nixon adopted many of the policies of the late Senator Robert F. Kennedy in an effort to try and woo the late senator's supporters.

Nixon appealed to what he called the "silent majority" of Americans who wanted an end to the constant protests and violent uprisings taking place in America.

What was the ultimate result of the Watergate scandal? A Nixon resigned under threat of impeachment. B Nixon was convicted in a federal court for obstruction of justice, and was forced out of office. C Nixon was impeached by the House, but acquitted by the Senate. D Nixon was impeached by the House, and convicted by the Senate.

Nixon resigned under threat of impeachment.

What was President Nixon's overall approach in handling the Cold War? A Nixon believed that the only way to end the Cold War was to build a nuclear arsenal five times stronger than that of the Soviet Union. B Nixon supported a policy of détente that focused on negotiating terms beneficial to national interests rather than further escalating the military standoff. C Nixon was content to maintain the status quo in American foreign policy. D Nixon was incredibly inconsistent in his approach to the Cold War and, as a result, opened the United States up to global criticism.

Nixon supported a policy of détente that focused on negotiating terms beneficial to national interests rather than further escalating the military standoff.

Which of the following was true of slave marriages in the South? A Slave marriages held full, legal standing. B Slave marriages could prevent partners from being separated by sale. C Slave marriages were only allowed between consenting people. D None of the above.

None of the above.

Where did the Allies choose to begin their joint assault against the European Axis powers in 1942? A Japan B the English Channel C the border of the Soviet Union D Northern Africa

Northern Africa

Who were the group of people known as "carpetbaggers" who emerged in the Reconstruction-era South? A Northern Democrats who moved into former Confederate-controlled states with the intention of upsetting Radical Reconstruction plans. B Tradesmen hoping to take advantage of the vast number of construction contracts being offered to rebuild the war-torn South. C Northern Republicans who moved down South, often with intentions of helping rebuild Southern society. D Southern Democrats who packed their bags and fled to the West and North to escape the progressive aims of Radical Reconstruction.

Northern Republicans who moved down South, often with intentions of helping rebuild Southern society.

What was the public reaction to the Fugitive Slave Act in the North? A Most Northerners sought to abide by the Act even though they disapproved of it. B States in the North unanimously repealed the Act within the first month of its passage. C Northern states supported the Act as a fair practice and helped return runaway slaves in large numbers. D Northerners generally resisted the Act by refusing to comply with it; some even organized efforts to help fugitive slaves evade capture.

Northerners generally resisted the Act by refusing to comply with it; some even organized efforts to help fugitive slaves evade capture.

Which of the following cultures developed first? Second? a. Aztec b. Inca c. Olmec d. Maya

Olmec, Maya

Which of the following statements best reflects the Gold Rush experience for the majority of those who emigrated to California in the 1840s? A The majority of gold-seekers became successful and wealthy from their mining efforts. B About half of all gold-seekers were successful in their pursuits. C Only a small percentage of the gold-seekers found enough gold to merit their efforts. D No gold was actually found in the California Gold Rush in the 1840s.

Only a small percentage of the gold-seekers found enough gold to merit their efforts.

How were Japanese Americans treated during World War II? A Tens of thousands of Japanese Americans served as American translators and spies in the counter-offensive against the Japanese. B Over 100,000 Japanese Americans were relocated to internment camps and held there for the majority of the war. C Japanese-Americans were able to find jobs in record numbers thanks to the large proportion of the American male population fighting overseas. D Japanese-Americans were treated no differently than any other American culture group during the war.

Over 100,000 Japanese Americans were relocated to internment camps and held there for the majority of the war.

Which of the following best describes General George McClellan's tactics during the Civil War? A Overly cautious B Overly aggressive C Disorganized D Risky

Overly cautious

What goods or services were taxed with the passage of the Stamp Act of 1765? A. Mail sent between the colonies B. Travel between the colonies C. Paper products including legal documents and newspapers D. All of the above

Paper products including legal documents and newspapers

Which American patriot gained notoriety and support for the revolutionary cause with a fiery speech commonly known for its final line, "...give me liberty, or give me death!" A. George Washington B. Patrick Henry C. Thomas Jefferson D. Samuel Adams

Patrick Henry

How did the Industrial Revolution affect settlement patterns in the United States? A More people sought to escape the noise and smoky air of the cities and moved to small farming communities on the frontier. B Most people migrated south to take advantage of the plantation boom brought about by the cotton gin. C People flocked to cities for the unique economic and cultural opportunities they provided. D People moved away from major waterways to avoid the noise and danger caused by flooding and industrial accidents.

People flocked to cities for the unique economic and cultural opportunities they provided

What were the crimes President Bill Clinton was accused of that resulted in his eventual impeachment by the House of Representatives? A Perjury and obstruction of justice B Theft and assault C Treason and espionage D None of the above

Perjury and obstruction of justice

What was the historical significance of Ross Perot's presidential bid in the 1992 election? A Perot became the first candidate to run for president four separate times. B Perot was the oldest candidate to ever run for president. C Perot gained the largest percentage of popular votes for a third party candidate since Teddy Roosevelt's run 80 years earlier. D Perot was the first third party candidate to ever appear in a televised presidential debate.

Perot gained the largest percentage of popular votes for a third party candidate since Teddy Roosevelt's run 80 years earlier.

How did Zebulon Pike's expedition into the Rocky Mountains end? A Pike was forced to return from his journey before achieving his given objectives due to a supply shortage. B Pike met up with Lewis and Clark and helped them complete their journey towards the Pacific Ocean. C Pike died from illness shortly after summiting the mountain that now bears his name. D Pike was captured by the Spanish who feared he was acting as a spy.

Pike was captured by the Spanish who feared he was acting as a spy.

What caused the federal government shutdowns during the winter of 1995-1996? A President Bill Clinton was under investigation on impeachment charges. B The Republican-controlled Congress voted to shut down the government until Bill Clinton agreed to roll back progressive reforms he had passed like the Brady Bill and the Family and Medical Leave Act. C President Bill Clinton refused to approve any federal spending until Newt Gingrich resigned as Speaker of the House. D President Bill Clinton and the Republican-controlled Congress were in a standoff over the 1996 federal budget.

President Bill Clinton and the Republican-controlled Congress were in a standoff over the 1996 federal budget.

What brought about the end of the Whiskey Rebellion? A President George Washington asserted the Presidency's powers to enforce federal law, by force when necessary. B The whiskey tax was repealed. C Western Pennsylvania began the process of creating a new government independent of the United States. D The federal government raised taxes further on bartered goods.

President George Washington asserted the Presidency's powers to enforce federal law, by force when necessary.

How did America acquire the territories of California and New Mexico? A President James Polk baited Mexico into a war and then took the territories by force. B Congress negotiated an expensive deal to purchase the lands from Mexico. C The territories were largely empty, so Americans simply emigrated there and set up towns and farms on the land. D America had to give Mexico the rights to Texas in exchange for the new territories.

President James Polk baited Mexico into a war and then took the territories by force.

What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? A Abolished slavery throughout the United States B Proclaimed the end of slavery in the areas of the South which were still in rebellion C Abolished all slavery in the South D Gave slaves the right to vote

Proclaimed the end of slavery in the areas of the South which were still in rebellion

How did the American economy change in the decades following World War II? A The economy steadily declined as the debts from the war effort overwhelmed the government B Productivity, technology, and standards of living all increased substantially in the post-war era C Despite rapid improvements in technology and infrastructure, the post-war economy remained fairly stagnant D The economy continued to suffer under high rates of inflation without much improvement in wages for most Americans

Productivity, technology, and standards of living all increased substantially in the post-war era

Which of the following was the primary reason the Jamestown colony was established? A. Religious freedom B. The creation of a free and independent land C. Profit for European investors D. To defeat Native Americans in the region

Profit for European investors

Which of the following best describes the farming conditions for Great Plains farmers in the 1860s? A Profitable farming required more land and equipment than most homestead farmers had access to. B The Great Plains became one of the most successful agricultural centers of the United States thanks to renewed soil and excellent weather conditions. C The Great Plains farmers faired about the same as farmers in the South and East. D none of the above

Profitable farming required more land and equipment than most homestead farmers had access to.

Which of the following could be considered a primary objective of the progressive reformers that began to rise in the early 1900s: A Put regulations in place to help ensure the American government and the American economy could benefit all and not just the wealthy elite. B The nation's most important resources and industries should be controlled by the government rather than by wealthy businessmen. C The federal government should stay out of economic and business affairs. D The nation's most powerful businesses should have more input into how the government should be run.

Put regulations in place to help ensure the American government and the American economy could benefit all and not just the wealthy elite.

Which of the following was the primary reason the Plymouth colony was established? A. Religious freedom B. To spread Christianity to native peoples C. Profit for European investors D. To defeat Native Americans in the region

Religious freedom

The House of Burgesses that was developed in Virginia during the colonial age was one of the first examples of what in the American colonies? A. Divine right of kings B. The right to bear arms C. Representative government D. None of the above

Representative government

Which of the following best describes the type of government created by the Articles of Confederation and the United States Constitution? A Democracy B Republic C Dictatorship D Theocracy

Republic

What was the result of the Election of 1952? A Republicans easily regained control over the Presidency and Congress, led by Presidential nominee and war hero Dwight D. Eisenhower B Adlai Stevenson narrowly won the Presidency, but Republicans kept control of Congress C Adlai Stevenson and the Democrats won control over the executive and legislative branches D Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower won the Presidency, but Democrats gained control over Congress

Republicans easily regained control over the Presidency and Congress, led by Presidential nominee and war hero Dwight D. Eisenhower

Which of the following cities served as a capital of the Confederate States of America? A Washington, D.C. B Richmond, Virginia C Savannah, Georgia D Charleston, South Carolina

Richmond, Virginia

Which of the following colonies was settled first? A. Jamestown B. Plymouth C. Roanoke D. Pennsylvania

Roanoke

Which American inventor built the first commercially successful steamboat in 1807? A Thomas Edison B Robert Fulton C Cyrus McCormick D James Watt

Robert Fulton

How was John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil Company able to dominate the United States' oil industry? A Rockefeller brought competing oil companies under the control of Standard Oil and was able to use the resulting wealth to control the entire production and distribution process of his products. B Rockefeller sold off the majority of Standard Oil's stock interest to the federal government in exchange for tax breaks. C Rockefeller chose to import and resell cheaper oil from foreign countries rather than producing his own in America. D Standard Oil developed a secret corporate militia to sabotage and destroy competitors' refineries.

Rockefeller brought competing oil companies under the control of Standard Oil and was able to use the resulting wealth to control the entire production and distribution process of his products.

What was the result of the election of 1932? A Roosevelt and Hoover tied in the Electoral College. The House of Representatives ended up breaking the tie in favor of Roosevelt. B Roosevelt defeated Hoover in one of the largest landslides in American history. C Hoover narrowly won reelection. D Roosevelt won the presidency but lost the popular vote.

Roosevelt defeated Hoover in one of the largest landslides in American history.

How did President Teddy Roosevelt respond to the United Mine Workers' strike in 1902? A Roosevelt sided with the mine owners and threatened to have the mine workers arrested for interfering with the production of a much-needed national resource. B Roosevelt refused to get involved with the dispute. C Roosevelt agreed to a compromise by granting mineworkers a small ownership stake in the mines they worked. D Roosevelt forced the mine owners to negotiate with the workers by threatening to send federal troops to work the mines.

Roosevelt forced the mine owners to negotiate with the workers by threatening to send federal troops to work the mines.

What was Roosevelt's response to the Japanese initial aggressions in the Pacific throughout 1940? A Roosevelt imposed harsh economic sanctions upon Japan. B Roosevelt launched a full naval assault on Japan. C Roosevelt convinced Britain to lend ships and troops to help slow the Japanese expansion. D all of the above

Roosevelt imposed harsh economic sanctions upon Japan.

Why is Teddy Roosevelt considered by many to be America's first environmentalist President? A Roosevelt fought hard against the use of fossil fuels in an effort to reign in air pollution. B Roosevelt instituted conservation efforts to protect American wildlife and natural resources. C Roosevelt placed a record number of regulations on the coal and oil industries to try and force industries to look elsewhere for safer, more sustainable fuel sources. D all of the above

Roosevelt instituted conservation efforts to protect American wildlife and natural resources.

What was President Theodore Roosevelt's attitude towards big businesses? A Roosevelt used the federal government to support and protect big businesses in an effort to strengthen the American economy. B Roosevelt used the Sherman Antitrust Act to break up over two dozen of the nation's largest trusts. C Roosevelt made it a point to keep the federal government out of economic affairs as much as possible. D Roosevelt sought to make changes to the federal government to make it run more like the nation's strongest industries.

Roosevelt used the Sherman Antitrust Act to break up over two dozen of the nation's largest trusts.

Why did Russia exit the war in the spring of 1918? A Russia was being overrun by the Germans and had no other choice but to surrender. B Russia was under new leadership that had other priorities than continuing the war. C Russia successfully defeated the Germans and had no further interest in the conflict. D Russia did not have enough supplies to continue the fight.

Russia was under new leadership that had other priorities than continuing the war.

Which of the following people provided support to Lewis and Clark that was instrumental in helping them navigate and survive the western territories? A Zebulon Pike B Sacagawea C Squanto D Pontiac

Sacagawea

Who served two terms as President of the Republic of Texas? A Davy Crockett B Sam Houston C Stephen Austin D Andrew Jackson

Sam Houston

What did the verdict of Plessy v. Ferguson mean for segregation laws in America? A Segregation was ruled unconstitutional and all "Jim Crow" laws had to be immediately repealed. B Segregation laws were legal in former Confederate states only. C Segregation was legal, as long as the notion of "separate but equal" was being followed. D Segregation laws would "sunset" and have to be repealed within the next 20 years.

Segregation was legal, as long as the notion of "separate but equal" was being followed.

What was the deal struck by the Compromise of 1850? A Slavery would be banned in both California and Washington, D.C.; in exchange, the issue would be decided by popular sovereignty for any future states carved from the Mexican Cession and there would be a new federal fugitive slave law. B Slavery would be banned in all of the territory acquired in the Mexican Cession, but Texas would remain a slave state. C Slavery would be permitted in all of the territory gained in the Mexican Cession, however Texas would become a free state. D Slavery would be permitted in California, but the issue would be decided by popular sovereignty for any future states carved from the Mexican Cession.

Slavery would be banned in both California and Washington, D.C.; in exchange, the issue would be decided by popular sovereignty for any future states carved from the Mexican Cession and there would be a new federal fugitive slave law.

What was significant about Alfred E. Smith, the losing candidate in the election of 1928? A Smith was the first state governor to run for President. B Smith was the first African American nominee for President. C Smith was the first Roman-Catholic nominee for President. D Smith was the oldest man to ever run for President

Smith was the first Roman-Catholic nominee for President.

Which of the following was the first Southern state to secede from the Union? A Virginia B North Carolina C Georgia D South Carolina

South Carolina

Why did so many Southerners who didn't own slaves oppose the abolitionist movement of the North? A Southerners were afraid the Southern economy would collapse without the slave labor force it had come to rely upon. B Southerners were fearful that the abolitionists were planning to take up arms and attack Southern states. C Southerners who did not own slaves were in the minority and tended to follow the political leanings of the slave holding majority. D Southerners did not believe the abolitionist movement was large enough to merit concern.

Southerners were afraid the Southern economy would collapse without the slave labor force it had come to rely upon.

Christopher Columbus sailed for the New World on behalf of which European country? A. Italy B. Spain C. England D. Portugal

Spain

How did the Native Americans of the Great Plains come to acquire and domesticate horses? a. Spanish explorers gave them to the Native Americans as a peace offering. b. Spanish horses got loose and eventually migrated north into the Great Plains. c. Horses had always been in North America, the Spanish simply showed the Native Americans how to tame and ride them. d. The Native Americans of the Great Plains acquired and learned about horses from Native Americans on the west coast of the continent.

Spanish horses got loose and eventually migrated north into the Great Plains.

What was the outcome of the Yalta agreement between Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin in the winter of 1945? A Roosevelt handed over control for rebuilding post-war Europe to Stalin and Churchill in exchange for total control over rebuilding the post-war Pacific. B Stalin agreed to join the war in the Pacific against Japan in exchange for some of the Asian territories that had been under German control. C Stalin would take the Soviet Union out of the war militarily, but would continue to contribute to the Allied cause financially. D Churchill and Stalin agreed to leave the fight in the Pacific entirely to the United States.

Stalin agreed to join the war in the Pacific against Japan in exchange for some of the Asian territories that had been under German control.

What was the main source of revenue for the new American government in the 1790s? A Sales tax B Income tax C Tariffs on imports D Donations from the states

Tariffs on imports

President Johnson's view of African Americans was: A Similar to Abraham Lincoln's B That they should be granted equal rights to whites, including voting rights C That they should be granted equal rights to whites, but not voting rights D That they should not be granted equal rights to whites

That they should not be granted equal rights to whites

Which of the following best describes the establishment of non-communist South Vietnam? A The 1954 Geneva Accords made all of Vietnam a non-communist country. B In 1954, South Vietnamese leaders successfully overthrew Ho Chi Minh and won independence for South Vietnam. C The 1954 Geneva Accords allowed South Vietnam to exist as a non-communist state until national elections could be held in 1956 to unify North and South Vietnam. D Near the end of World War II, the Allied powers had established crucial bases in South Vietnam. When the war ended, the Allies carved out the territory of South Vietnam and shared control.

The 1954 Geneva Accords allowed South Vietnam to exist as a non-communist state until national elections could be held in 1956 to unify North and South Vietnam.

What was the primary role of the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) in World War I? A The AEF remained an independent fighting force and successfully pushed back the German surge on the Western Front. B The AEF and its European allies fought the Germans to yet another stalemate on the Western Front. C The troops of the AEF were rolled into the British and French armies to help bolster their dwindling numbers. D The AEF arrived in Europe too late in the war to make a meaningful impact.

The AEF remained an independent fighting force and successfully pushed back the German surge on the Western Front.

How did the New Deal affect American agriculture? A The New Deal programs largely neglected American agriculture and focused almost exclusively on American industry. B New Deal programs generally resulted in lower profits for most American farmers. C The Agricultural Adjustment Act raised the prices of American agricultural products by paying farmers not to farm portions of their farmland and to destroy certain quantities of their yield. D The Civilian Conservation Corps provided money to tenant farmers and sharecroppers, drastically increasing the available agricultural labor force.

The Agricultural Adjustment Act raised the prices of American agricultural products by paying farmers not to farm portions of their farmland and to destroy certain quantities of their yield.

What was the objective of the June 6, 1944 (D-Day) mission knows as Operation Overlord? A The Allies aimed to push into German territory by crossing the Baltic Sea from Scandinavia. B The Allies aimed to push into German territory by crossing the English Channel from Britain. C The Allies aimed to push into German territory on the eastern front by crossing the Soviet border into Poland. D all of the above

The Allies aimed to push into German territory by crossing the English Channel from Britain.

Which of the following best describes the end results of World War II? A The Allies defeated the Axis Powers with a fairly insignificant cost to both human life and national resources. B The Allies defeated the Axis Powers in the largest and deadliest military conflict in history. C The Axis Powers were able to hold out against a stronger Allied force resulting in little change in the geopolitical landscape. D The Axis Powers were able to significantly expand their territorial holdings.

The Allies defeated the Axis Powers in the largest and deadliest military conflict in history.

Which of the following best describes the Allied assault on Italy in 1943? A The Allies lost a long campaign in Italy against a stalwart German and Italian force. B The Allies were able to force Mussolini to give up rather quickly, but Hitler and the Nazis continued to contest the territory for nearly a year. C The Allies were able to take control of Italy in only a few months. D The Allies were able to drive the German forces out of Italy rather quickly, but Mussolini and his forces prolonged the fight for another year and a half.

The Allies were able to force Mussolini to give up rather quickly, but Hitler and the Nazis continued to contest the territory for nearly a year.

Which of the following best describes the way in which the French and Indian War helped the American colonists in their pursuit of independence from the British Empire? A After the costly war Britain was less interested in maintaining a presence in the American colonies. B The British military gained valuable experience fighting all over the world. C Britain stopped trading with the American colonies immediately following the French and Indian War. D The American colonial military gained valuable experience fighting along-side the British.

The American colonial military gained valuable experience fighting along-side the British.

Which of the following could be considered the main idea of Thomas Paine's Common Sense? A. The colonists in the Americas were too weak to stand up against the might of the British Empire. B. The American colonists would be best suited by shifting allegiance to another European mother country like France or Spain. C. The American colonists could and should govern themselves rather than stay under Britain's control. D. The American colonists should focus their efforts on getting representation in the British Parliament.

The American colonists could and should govern themselves rather than stay under Britain's control.

Which of the following could be considered an advantage for the American military forces during the Revolutionary War? A The American military had a much stronger navy than the British. B The American military had superior training to the British forces. C The American colonists were fighting on, and for, their own territory. D The American colonists were able to enlist more African American support than the British.

The American colonists were fighting on, and for, their own territory.

What effect did the Bolshevik Revolution have on the American people? A Americans celebrated the successful Russian revolution. B The American public became fearful that communism and anarchism could take hold in America. C Americans were much more eager to welcome Russian immigrants into the country with open arms. D Americans were largely unconcerned with Russia and its revolution.

The American public became fearful that communism and anarchism could take hold in America.

What was the significance of the British Siege of Charleston in 1780? A The Americans were forced to surrender a crucial Southern port along with a large quantity of supplies to the British. B The British were forced out of the Southern colonies. C The Americans had a chance to display their naval strength. D None of the above.

The Americans were forced to surrender a crucial Southern port along with a large quantity of supplies to the British.

How did the Civil War lead to the creation of West Virginia? A Following a successful attack on Virginia, President Lincoln declared the region part of Union territories. B At the conclusion of the war President Lincoln wanted to punish Virginia for its disloyalty and created West Virginia. C The Appalachian region of western Virginia was made up of citizens who opposed secession and had little love or need for slavery; as a result, the region applied for Union statehood. D The Confederacy had no use for the region's poor farmland, instead selling it to the Union to raise funds for the war effort.

The Appalachian region of western Virginia was made up of citizens who opposed secession and had little love or need for slavery; as a result, the region applied for Union statehood.

Which of the following battles was the first victory for the American colonists in the Revolutionary War? A The Battle of Yorktown B The Battle of Concord C The Battle of Trenton D The Battle of Lexington

The Battle of Concord

Which of the following battles marked a major turning point in the war? A The Battle of Saratoga B The Battle of Fort Washington C The Battle of Lexington D The Battle of Princeton

The Battle of Saratoga

Which of the following was the last major battle of the Revolutionary War? A The Battle of Lexington B The Battle of Yorktown C The Battle of Concord D The Battle of Saratoga

The Battle of Yorktown

What actions kept the French and British from being totally overrun by the German army in the Battle of the Marne? A The French and British circled behind the attacking Germans and joined with their Russian allies for an attack from the east. B The French and British invaded Belgium and used the territory as an extra buffer against German invasion. C The Belgians were able to fend off the Germans long enough in the summer of 1914 for the British and French to get their troops in position to defend Paris. D The French and British were able to call upon their Japanese allies for a surprise naval attack on the German army.

The Belgians were able to fend off the Germans long enough in the summer of 1914 for the British and French to get their troops in position to defend Paris.

Which of the following groups was responsible for organizing African Americans in armed opposition against the police? A The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee B The Ku Klux Klan C The Southern Christian Leadership Conference D The Black Panther Party

The Black Panther Party

How did the Black Power movement differ from the civil rights efforts of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and his SCLC organization? A The Black Power movement was unable to gain much support from the African American community, whereas the SCLC and Dr. King's efforts were widely supported. B The Black Power movement was more focused on separating from rather than integrating into what they felt was white American society. C The Black Power movement did not have strong leadership. D All of the above.

The Black Power movement was more focused on separating from rather than integrating into what they felt was white American society.

Which of the following incidents ended with the death of five colonists and the wounding of six others, while also inflaming tensions between British military forces and American colonists? A. The Boston Massacre B. The Boston Tea Party C. The boycott on British tea D. The Stamp Act protests

The Boston Massacre

What was the main idea of the Declaratory Act? A. American colonists were required to pledge allegiance to the crown of England. B. American merchants had to declare their cargo in British ports so that the appropriate goods could be taxed. C. The British Parliament had the total authority to impose laws and taxes on the American colonies. D. The American colonies were formally warned not to declare independence from Great Britain.

The British Parliament had the total authority to impose laws and taxes on the American colonies.

Which of the following best describes the outcome of the French and Indian War? A. The British defeated the French B. The French defeated the Indians C. The French defeated the British D. The Americans defeated the British

The British defeated the French

Which of the following best describes the French and Indian War? A. America fought for its independence from Great Britain. B. The French and the Indians fought against each other for control of North America. C. The French and British fought to remove the Indians from North America. D. The British fought against the French for control of North America.

The British fought against the French for control of North America.

Which of the following was most responsible for the rapid rise in California's population in the 1840s? A The large population of Native Americans living in California were naturalized as United States citizens. B Slavery was popular in the California territory, so most settlers that came to the region brought labor forces of thousands of slaves. C Given its long coastline, California became home to the largest port cities in North America. D The California Gold Rush led over 100,000 people to emigrate to California in hopes of getting rich from mining gold.

The California Gold Rush led over 100,000 people to emigrate to California in hopes of getting rich from mining gold.

Which of the following was a major advantage for the Confederate States over the Union? A The Confederacy only needed to defend its own territory, which is easier than invading an enemy's territory. B The Confederacy had successfully enlisted the majority of the slave population to fight in its army. C The Confederacy had the largest naval force in the Western Hemisphere. D All of the above.

The Confederacy only needed to defend its own territory, which is easier than invading an enemy's territory.

Which of the following best describes the results of the Civil War? A The Confederate states eventually rejoined the United States. B The Confederate States won the right to remain an independent country. C Slavery remained in effect in parts of the United States for many years. D America won its independence from Great Britain.

The Confederate states eventually rejoined the United States.

Which of the following played an important role in convincing the French to join the American cause in the Revolutionary War? A The Continental Army's victories at Trenton and Princeton B The Continental Army's defeat of the British at the Battle of Saratoga C Encouragement by Native Americans, who were once loyal to France D The colonial complaints about taxation without representation

The Continental Army's defeat of the British at the Battle of Saratoga

What was the impact of the Dust Bowl on American agriculture? A Word of the Dust Bowl brought thousands of Americans to the southern Great Plains with hopes of cashing in on the abundant fertile soil. B The Dust Bowl led to the mass exodus of nearly half a million farmers from the southern Great Plains due to the lack of farmable soil. C The Dust Bowl enticed thousands of women to become farmers in the southern Great Plains. D The Dust Bowl led to a boom of African American farm ownership in the southern Great Plains.

The Dust Bowl led to the mass exodus of nearly half a million farmers from the southern Great Plains due to the lack of farmable soil

Which of the following would be considered an indication of the rising sense of American nativism that took place in the 1920s: A American trade continued to thrive at home and abroad B The Emergency Quota Act and National Origins Act limited immigration numbers based upon nationality C Baseball rose in popularity thanks to live radio coverage of games and an increased coverage in newspapers D all of the above

The Emergency Quota Act and National Origins Act limited immigration numbers based upon nationality

Which of the following is an example of how women saw gains in their rights and treatment during the 1960s and 1970s? A The Equal Pay Act made it illegal for an employer to pay a woman less than a man for performing the same work. B Congress added the Equal Rights Amendment to the United States Constitution guaranteeing equal rights to all Americans regardless of sex. C Women were elected in such large numbers that they took the majority of the seats in the House of Representatives. D 1972 marked the first time more women were admitted to four-year colleges than men.

The Equal Pay Act made it illegal for an employer to pay a woman less than a man for performing the same work.

Which of the following provided the most military support for the American colonists during the Revolutionary War? A The French B The Native Americans C The Spanish D The British

The French

How did Russia leaving the war in 1918 change the German military strategy? A The Germans were happy to scale back their efforts across Europe thanks, in large part, to the lands they were granted by the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. B The Germans were able to scale down the size of their military, saving precious funds and resources. C The Germans had a powerful new ally in Russia that would make winning the war much easier. D The Germans were able to move troops from the Eastern Front to the west and redouble their efforts to push towards Paris.

The Germans were able to move troops from the Eastern Front to the west and redouble their efforts to push towards Paris.

What was the name given to the boom in African American cultural creativity that emerged from New York City in the 1920s? A The Urban Enlightenment B The Harlem Renaissance C The New York Knickerbockers D The Brooklyn Boom

The Harlem Renaissance

Which of the following was a British response to the Boston Tea Party? A. The Boston Massacre B. The Intolerable Acts C. The Stamp Act D. The Tea Act

The Intolerable Acts

What made the Knights of Labor different from the labor unions that had predated it? A The Knights of Labor actively sought to include marginalized groups like African Americans, immigrants, and women. B The Knights of Labor had an active paramilitary organization that organized violent attacks on anti-union corporations. C The Knights of Labor was celebrated by leaders of industry and business as a positive force in improving the American economy. D The Knights of Labor never actually had any members; the fictitious organization was purely a product of the press.

The Knights of Labor actively sought to include marginalized groups like African Americans, immigrants, and women.

What was the name of the ship the Pilgrims used to travel to Plymouth? A. The Nina B. The Santa Maria C. The Mayflower D. The Jolly Roger

The Mayflower

Which of the following American groups migrated to and settled the Utah Territory in 1846? A The Mennonites B freed slaves C The Freemasons D The Mormons

The Mormons

Which of the following best describes the attitudes of Native Americans towards the European colonies prior to the French and Indian War? A. The Native Americans disliked all European colonists and colonial empires. B. The Native Americans were widely supportive of the European colonists and colonial empires. C. The Native Americans built trust through solid trading relationships with the French, but were weary of the British who regularly broke their treaties and agreements. D. The Native Americans built trust through solid military relationships with the British, but were weary of the French who regularly broke their treaties and agreements.

The Native Americans built trust through solid trading relationships with the French, but were weary of the British who regularly broke their treaties and agreements.

What would the series of progressive actions taken by Roosevelt during the "Hundred Days" session of Congress come to be known as? A The Square Deal B The Fair Deal C The New Deal D The Development Deal

The New Deal

What was the result of King Philip's War? A. The New England settlers worked with the Native American tribes in the region to oust the French and Dutch settlers, who were planning to set up their own colonies. B. The New England settlers decimated the strongest Native American tribes in the region, and went on to expand their settlements into what was previously Native American territory. C. The Native Americans pushed European settlers out of their tribal lands. D. The allegiance between the New England settlers and Wampanoag Indians became much stronger.

The New England settlers decimated the strongest Native American tribes in the region, and went on to expand their settlements into what was previously Native American territory.

What was the name given to Germany's "lightning offensive" invasion strategy that involved moving troops and military weapons in large quantities and with startling speed? A perestroika B Third Reich C blitzkrieg D Kristallnacht

blitzkrieg

What was the ultimate outcome of the Vietnam War? A Despite a final offensive launched by the North Vietnamese, the Paris Peace Accords would ultimately be honored. The divide between North and South Vietnam would remain with a demilitarized border between the two. B The Paris Peace Accords led to the end of all fighting in Vietnam. Both North and South Vietnam agreed to hold national elections to unify the country. C The South Vietnamese disregarded the Paris Peace Accords and successfully took control over North Vietnam in a last-ditch offensive in the winter of 1975. D The North Vietnamese successfully infiltrated the South Vietnamese capital of Saigon and made all of Vietnam a single, unified communist nation.

The North Vietnamese successfully infiltrated the South Vietnamese capital of Saigon and made all of Vietnam a single, unified communist nation.

What effect did the Paris Peace Accords have on the Vietnam War? A The Paris Peace Accords settled the lingering disputes between the North and South Vietnamese and allowed the United States to back out of the region having successfully prevented the further spread of communism. B The Paris Peace Accords did not successfully end the Vietnam War, but they afforded the United States the opportunity to exit the conflict. C The Paris Peace Accords effectively ended the Vietnam War and allowed the French to reenter Vietnam in an oversight capacity. D The Paris Peace Accords shifted America's commitment to supporting the South Vietnamese to the much larger NATO alliance. This new partnership for led an outmatched North Vietnam to surrender.

The Paris Peace Accords did not successfully end the Vietnam War, but they afforded the United States the opportunity to exit the conflict.

What was the relationship between the Soviet Union and The People's Republic of China during the Cold War? A The People's Republic of China became a communist state in 1949, and quickly aligned themselves with the Soviet Union. B The People's Republic of China and the Soviet Union had little interaction, positive or negative, throughout the Cold War. C The People's Republic of China saw the Soviet Union as a target for invasion throughout the Cold War. D The People's Republic of China became a key ally for NATO members during the Cold War.

The People's Republic of China became a communist state in 1949, and quickly aligned themselves with the Soviet Union.

Which statement best describes the role of slavery in the Southern economy? A The Southern states used slave labor in the maintenance of their homes so that the white owners had more time for leisure. B The Southern economy was based on manufacturing and they needed slave labor to work in the factories. C The Southern economy was based on agriculture and they used slave labor to work the farms, producing food and other raw materials for the national market. D Slavery was not important in the Southern states after the creation of the cotton gin.

The Southern economy was based on agriculture and they used slave labor to work the farms, producing food and other raw materials for the national market.

What was the end result of the Montgomery bus boycott? A The African American community in Montgomery eventually purchased and ran its own private bus company. B The local bus companies voluntarily reversed their policies in an effort to bring back their African American customers. C The Supreme Court ruled that bus segregation rules were unconstitutional and the boycott was lifted. D The boycott ultimately had no effect on changing policies of segregation on public transportation.

The Supreme Court ruled that bus segregation rules were unconstitutional and the boycott was lifted.

Which of the following was a key naval weapon used by the Germans during World War I? A The zeppelin B The U-boat C The bi-plane D The aircraft carrier

The U-boat

What effect did the battles of Gettysburg and Vicksburg have on the outcome of the war? A The Union suffered a lack of confidence due to their overwhelming defeats at the hands of the Confederates. B The stalemates at Gettysburg and Vicksburg made it very apparent that the Civil War was far from over. C The Union Victories at Gettysburg and Vicksburg shifted the tide of the war in favor of the Union. D The Union victory in Gettysburg kept Lee's forces away from Washington D.C. while the Confederate victory at Vicksburg meant the Confederacy still maintained control of the Mississippi River.

The Union Victories at Gettysburg and Vicksburg shifted the tide of the war in favor of the Union.

How did the Civil War affect the Northern and Southern economies? A The Union economy thrived during the war, but the Confederate economy struggled. B The Confederate economy thrived during the war, but the Union economy struggled. C Both the Union and Confederate economies thrived during the war. D Both the Union and Confederate economies struggled during the war.

The Union economy thrived during the war, but the Confederate economy struggled.

What was the ultimate result of the American Revolutionary War? A Britain defeated the United States and brought them back into the British Empire as colonies. B The United States of America gained its independence from Great Britain. C The United States of America surrendered to Great Britain. D The United States of America won the war, but was unable to become totally independent from Great Britain.

The United States of America gained its independence from Great Britain.

How did the war between Britain and France in 1803 affect the United States' trade overseas? A The United States prospered from trade with the British and French. B The United States saw an increase in trade with Britain, but refrained from trading with France. C The United States saw an increase in trade with France, but refrained from trading with the British. D The United States did not trade with Britain or France.

The United States prospered from trade with the British and French.

Which of the following best describes the result of the Louisiana Purchase: A The United States purchased a small plot of land at the mouth the Mississippi River from French settlers. B Thomas Jefferson negotiated to purchase the Louisiana Territory from the French but was blocked by Congress. C The United States purchased the Louisiana Territory from the Spanish for $15 million. D The United States purchased the Louisiana Territory from the French for $15 million.

The United States purchased the Louisiana Territory from the French for $15 million.

The Monroe Doctrine declared that: A The United States would stand against any European nations looking to further colonize the Western Hemisphere. B The United States would aggressively eliminate any existing European colonies in the West Hemisphere. C The United States would help establish European colonies in South America, as a way of generating demand for American exports. D The United States would join the Allied forces of England and France, to fight against Russian invasions across Europe.

The United States would stand against any European nations looking to further colonize the Western Hemisphere.

Which of the following people reached North America first? a. The Spanish b. The British c. The Vikings d. The Portuguese

The Vikings

What was the main difference between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan brought forth at the Constitutional Convention? A The Virginia Plan called for legislative representatives to be proportional to the number of citizens in each state, while the New Jersey Plan called for a single representative for each state regardless of population. B The New Jersey Plan called for the abolition of slavery while the Virginia Plan called for legalized slavery in all 13 states. C The New Jersey Plan called for an electoral college system to elect the president, while the Virginia Plan called for a popular election. D The Virginia Plan and New Jersey plan were virtually identical; each state just wanted credit for the idea.

The Virginia Plan called for legislative representatives to be proportional to the number of citizens in each state, while the New Jersey Plan called for a single representative for each state regardless of population.

What was the aim of the Wilmot Proviso? A The Wilmot Proviso sought to ban slavery in the territory America gained in the Mexican-American War. B The Wilmot Proviso sought to protect the right to own slaves for settlers in California and New Mexico. C The Wilmot Proviso sought to bring California into the Union as a slave state and bring New Mexico into the Union as a free state. D The Wilmot Proviso sought to bring New Mexico into the Union as a slave state and bring California into the Union as a free state.

The Wilmot Proviso sought to ban slavery in the territory America gained in the Mexican-American War.

What did the Lend-Lease Act of 1941 change in American foreign policy? A The act allowed American business to take out loans from foreign banks for the first time since before World War I. B The act permitted the sale, lease, or loan of arms and funds to other countries as long as it would prove to be a benefit to America. C It shut down any bank with German or Italian holdings. D It allowed foreign nations to borrow American war experts as consultants in an effort to prevent further American involvement in the war.

The act permitted the sale, lease, or loan of arms and funds to other countries as long as it would prove to be a benefit to America.

Which of the following proved to be the biggest threat to Native American cultures and their ability to survive? a. Incessant tribal warfare b. The second Ice Age c. A lack of natural resources d. The arrival of European explorers and traders

The arrival of European explorers and traders

Which of the following was the tipping point that started World War I? A Adolf Hitler's rise to power in Germany B German military forces invaded France C The assassination of the Austro-Hungarian Archduke Franz Ferdinand D The naval blockade of the Baltic Sea by British forces

The assassination of the Austro-Hungarian Archduke Franz Ferdinand

What was the impact of Harriet Beecher Stowe's book, Uncle Tom's Cabin? A The book drew widespread attention to the terrors and brutality of slavery. B The book reinforced Southern opinions that slaves were better off than abolitionists claimed. C The book was used as the primary means for helping slaves and escaped slaves to learn to read. D The book helped promote the reinstatement of the international slave trade.

The book drew widespread attention to the terrors and brutality of slavery.

Why were the American colonists so upset about the practice of "taxation without representation?" A. The colonists were British subjects, but did not have any say in the British government that was taxing them. B. The colonists were angered because Britain was not using its tax revenue to benefit all of the colonies equally. C. The colonists wanted the right to tax Britain. D. All of the above.

The colonists were British subjects, but did not have any say in the British government that was taxing them.

Why did the British seek to take over the Dutch colony of New Amsterdam? A. The British were afraid of a Dutch attack. B. The British were afraid the Native Americans would soon overpower the Dutch, so they stepped in to help. C. The colony's location at the mouth of the Hudson River was a valuable port for colonial trade. D. The British and Dutch were engaged in a long-standing war in the New World.

The colony's location at the mouth of the Hudson River was a valuable port for colonial trade.

What was the XYZ Affair? A A successful covert attack on the United States by France. B The Adams administration's failed attempt to declare English the national language of the United States. C A British plan to trade with the United States that avoided the steep import tariffs. D The failed attempt by French government agents to extort a bribe from the United States.

The failed attempt by French government agents to extort a bribe from the United States.

What was the core issue raised by the strikes organized by Cesar Chavez and the United Farm Workers in the 1960s? A The farmers stood with civil rights leaders in promoting increased access to legal and voting rights for minorities. B The farmers pushed for better trade deals with foreign nations. C The farmers wanted higher wages, safer working conditions, and a shorter work day. D The farmers wanted federal funding to develop better and more efficient farming technologies.

The farmers wanted higher wages, safer working conditions, and a shorter work day.

What was the central fear that led to the Red Scare in the late 1940s and early 1950s? A The fear of a full-scale military conflict with China. B The fear that the Republicans in Congress were going to impeach President Truman C The fear of a stock market crash followed by another depression. D The fear that communists were infiltrating all areas of American society

The fear that communists were infiltrating all areas of American society

What did progressives hope would be the result of the Sixteenth Amendment which gave Congress the authority to collect an income tax? A The federal government could use the new source of revenue to lower tariffs making goods cheaper for American consumers. B The tax revenue would mean the federal government would never again need to take out loans from private banks and foreign nations. C The income tax would replace all other federal and state taxes currently being imposed on Americans. D The income tax would pay for President Roosevelt's conservation efforts and, in turn, lay the groundwork for even more environmental regulations.

The federal government could use the new source of revenue to lower tariffs making goods cheaper for American consumers.

How did the federal government respond to the growing tide of nativism and racism targeting immigrants in the late 1800s and early 1900s? A The federal government passed a series of laws protecting immigrants from unfair treatment and exclusion. B The federal government made it easier for immigrants to enter the country and access public services. C The federal government passed laws and created agreements with foreign nations limiting immigration. D The federal government turned a deaf ear to nativist complaints and refused to adjust American laws or immigration policy in response to what they deemed unsubstantiated fears.

The federal government passed laws and created agreements with foreign nations limiting immigration.

How did the United States government solve the savings and loan crisis in the late 1980s? A Congress voted to make savings and loan institutions illegal in the Unites States. B The federal government used taxpayer funds to bail out failing and struggling savings and loan institutions at a cost of nearly $500 billion. C President Bush opted to let the institutions fail and refused to agree to bailouts for the companies or their customers. D Customers who were negatively affected by the failing savings and loan institutions were offered substantial tax breaks for five years.

The federal government used taxpayer funds to bail out failing and struggling savings and loan institutions at a cost of nearly $500 billion.

How did the political power of the American federal government change from The Articles of Confederation to The Constitution? A The federal government's power was greatly increased under the Constitution. B The federal government was weakened under the Constitution. C State governments were given more power under the Constitution. D The federal government lost the power to tax under the Constitution.

The federal government's power was greatly increased under the Constitution.

How did conditions in the Lowell mills differ from the typical European-style factories of the day? A The girls in the Lowell mills, while not technically slaves, were forced to work against their will. B The girls working in the Lowell mills were given food, shelter, and education as a part of their wage. C The Lowell mills were staffed exclusively by children under the age of 12. D The Lowell mills only operated for eight hours a day.

The girls working in the Lowell mills were given food, shelter, and education as a part of their wage.

How did railroad companies obtain the majority of the land rights that were needed to build the first transcontinental railroad? A The railroad companies purchased the land B The land rights were donated by wealthy land owners C The land rights were provided with land grants from the federal government D The railroad companies took the land from Native Americans without compensating them

The land rights were provided with land grants from the federal government

Why did the Sedition Act of 1798 face staunch opposition from the American public? A The law encroached on American citizen's rights to free speech and assembly. B The law could not effectively be enforced. C The law was too weak to achieve its goals. D The law was unclear and hard to understand.

The law encroached on American citizen's rights to free speech and assembly.

What was the key benefit of Eli Whitney's cotton gin? A The machine turned cotton into thread faster than traditional mills could at the time. B The machine was lighter and more portable than other similar machines. C The machine was able to produce alcohol from cotton faster than traditional methods. D The machine was fifty times more efficient at cleaning cotton than a single laborer working by hand.

The machine was fifty times more efficient at cleaning cotton than a single laborer working by hand.

Which of the following best describes the reaction to the abolitionist movement in the North? A Northerners universally supported the abolitionist cause. B While some were in opposition, most Northerners supported the abolitionist movement. C The majority of Northerners did not support abolition. D Northerners universally opposed the abolitionist movement.

The majority of Northerners did not support abolition.

Which of the following statements was true of Southern farmers in the early 1800s? A The majority of Southern farmers relied upon slaves to run their farms. B The majority of Southern farmers did not own any slaves. C The majority of Southern farmers did not own the land they farmed. D The majority of Southern farmers opposed slavery.

The majority of Southern farmers did not own any slaves.

Which of the following best describes the state of Spanish colonies in the Western Hemisphere by 1830? A The majority of Spanish colonial holdings from the end of the century had become independent countries or annexed by the United States. B The Spanish colonial empire continued to grow into Central and South America. C The Spanish colonies were in largely the same state as they had been for the previous fifty years. D None of the above.

The majority of Spanish colonial holdings from the end of the century had become independent countries or annexed by the United States.

Which of the following was a key reason for increased voter participation in the Election of 1828? A The population of the United States had grown significantly over the course of the previous four years. B The majority of states eliminated land ownership as a requirement to be able to vote. C Free African Americans were granted the ability to vote nationwide. D Women were granted the right to vote in presidential elections.

The majority of states eliminated land ownership as a requirement to be able to vote.

Which of the following best describes the distribution of wealth amongst the American public in the 1920s. A Rural Americans were finally becoming prosperous after struggling through the previous decade. B Wealth was very evenly distributed across all sectors of the American public. C The majority of Americans enjoyed comfortable, financially stable lives and poverty rates were at record lows. D The majority of the nation's wealth was held by a small percentage of the population.

The majority of the nation's wealth was held by a small percentage of the population.

Which of the following best describes the results of the Bay of Pigs Invasion? A American forces successfully infiltrated Cuba and assassinated communist leader Fidel Castro. B American forces successfully invaded Cuba but were unable to assassinate communist leader Fidel Castro. C The mission was a failure and the American-trained troops were all either killed or captured. D The American invasion of Cuba was planned, but never actually carried out due to a lack of support from top generals.

The mission was a failure and the American-trained troops were all either killed or captured.

What was the result of Roosevelt's plan to pack the Supreme Court with justices who support the New Deal? A The Supreme Court increased to 15 justices. B The move was widely criticized as an overreach of Presidential authority and ultimately failed. C Five of the Supreme Court justices were removed from their positions and replaced with justices who favored FDR's New Deal programs. D The move was widely celebrated as a sign of America's commitments to the promises of the New Deal.

The move was widely criticized as an overreach of Presidential authority and ultimately failed.

What did the American Navy do to combat the destruction and loss of supplies caused by German U-boats in the Atlantic? A The navy used airplanes to drop bombs ahead of transport ships and clear the way. B The American Navy invested in thousands of new submarines to go head to head with the German U-boat fleet. C The navy employed convoys of destroyers to accompany and defend transport ships back and forth across the Atlantic Ocean. D The American government stopped shipping supplies across the Atlantic altogether and, instead, developed and used cargo planes to fly to Europe.

The navy employed convoys of destroyers to accompany and defend transport ships back and forth across the Atlantic Ocean.

Which of the following was a key reason the Pilgrims were able to survive the harsh conditions of the Plymouth colony? A. The Pilgrims brought a surplus of supplies on their journey to the colony, which sustained them for many years. B. The pilgrims received support from the Wampanoag people. C. The pilgrims received support from the King of England. D. The Pilgrims were rugged and determined people who had little trouble with the conditions in Plymouth.

The pilgrims received support from the Wampanoag people.

What powers were given to the president with the passage of the Alien Acts of 1798? A The president could investigate UFO sightings and negotiate with extraterrestrial civilizations. B The president could imprison and deport non-citizens who were deemed dangerous or who were from a hostile nation. C The president could change immigration policies without the approval of Congress. D None of the above.

The president could imprison and deport non-citizens who were deemed dangerous or who were from a hostile nation.

What effect did the invention of interchangeable parts have on the American economy? A This invention caused the price of goods to skyrocket due to increased production costs. B The prices of goods fell dramatically due to the fact that the machines producing the goods could be built and repaired more inexpensively. C America saw a boom in the export of mechanical parts to places like England, France, and New Spain. D This invention made it harder for people to violate patents.

The prices of goods fell dramatically due to the fact that the machines producing the goods could be built and repaired more inexpensively.

How did the move to national nominating conventions in the 1830s make the Presidential nomination process more democratic? A In the new system, every American had a voice in selecting presidential nominees. B The process went from a small caucus meeting of party leaders to a national meeting of a party's delegates. C The move made room for new and exciting political parties. D The nomination process fell under much tighter political control.

The process went from a small caucus meeting of party leaders to a national meeting of a party's delegates.

The North American mound-building cultures most likely found inspiration for their mounds and other earthworks from: a. The pyramids of the Maya and Aztecs b. The Egyptian pyramids c. The European explorers d. They most likely found their inspiration independently

The pyramids of the Maya and Aztecs

What was the premise of Senator Huey Long's "Share the Wealth Plan"? A The rich would be taxed in order to pay for a home and stipend for every American. B America would turn away from capitalism and become a fully communist nation. C Businesses had to pay higher dividends to their shareholders or face stiff penalties. D all of the above

The rich would be taxed in order to pay for a home and stipend for every American.

Congress's ban on the international African slave trade in 1808 meant that: A Slavery began to slowly fade away as the current population of slaves died off B The era of slavery was officially over in America C The slave population was maintained with the children of slaves D With the exception of slave owners, almost all Americans wanted slavery to be abolished

The slave population was maintained with the children of slaves

What terms did the Reconstruction Act of 1867 put in place for the Southern states who had not yet ratified the Fourteenth Amendment? A The states could enter the Union if they promised they would ratify the Fourteenth Amendment within five years. B The states were put under the control of military commanders until they ratified the Fourteenth Amendment and rebuilt their state governments. C The states were allowed to ignore the Fourteenth Amendment. D African American males would not have the right to vote until the Fourteenth Amendment was passed.

The states were put under the control of military commanders until they ratified the Fourteenth Amendment and rebuilt their state governments.

Which of the following factors bolstered American interest and investment in space exploration? A The successful Soviet deployment of Sputnik, the first man-made satellite. B President Eisenhower's personal fascination with the cosmos. C Leading scientists pressured the Eisenhower administration to use some of the $300 million budget surplus to fund space research. D The United Nations issued a challenge to the world community to encourage investment in space-based research.

The successful Soviet deployment of Sputnik, the first man-made satellite.

What was the main benefit of Samuel Morse's invention of the telegraph in 1844? A The telegraph would allow instant communication across the Atlantic Ocean with Great Britain and other European allies as early as 1845. B The telegraph allowed goods to be transported between the American coasts. C In an age before radio, the telegraph became a primary source of entertainment for frontier settlers. D The telegraph would be essential in establishing lines of communication that spanned America's significant land mass.

The telegraph would be essential in establishing lines of communication that spanned America's significant land mass.

What was the significance of the Five-Power Treaty signed by America, Japan, Britain, France, and Italy in 1922? A The treaty set the stage for World War II. B The treaty was the largest international trade deal that had ever been negotiated to date. C The treaty was the first successful negotiation in history between countries on three separate continents. D The treaty was the first international disarmament agreement of the modern era.

The treaty was the first international disarmament agreement of the modern era.

How was the Vietnam War initially received by the American public? A The Vietnam War gradually grew in popularity the longer it went on. B The war accentuated a generation gap between younger, draft-age Americans who generally opposed the war and older Americans and veterans who showed significantly less opposition. C The Vietnam War was supported by younger Americans to a significantly higher degree than older Americans and World War II veterans. D There was nearly universal support for the Vietnam War among the American public.

The war accentuated a generation gap between younger, draft-age Americans who generally opposed the war and older Americans and veterans who showed significantly less opposition.

How did involvement in the war affect the American economy. A America was unprepared for the economic burdens of war and fell into a recession. B The American economy remained largely isolated from foreign affairs and thus was unaffected by the war. C The war led to a boom in industrial production and a major increase in employment. D The American economy thrived during the war thanks to a renewed focus on agriculture rather than industry.

The war led to a boom in industrial production and a major increase in employment.

What was it that made the antislavery arguments of the Grimké sisters so effective? A Their experiences as part of a southern, slaveholding family gave them a first-hand perspective on the horrors of slavery. B Their ability to write in six different languages ensured that their message could be heard and understood by the international community. C Their ironic arguments in favor of slavery were so profane and dehumanizing that they helped unify people against the pro-slavery cause. D Their anti-slavery case made it all the way to the Supreme Court and garnered national attention.

Their experiences as part of a southern, slaveholding family gave them a first-hand perspective on the horrors of slavery

Which of the following best describes the government of the Mayans? a. Democracy b. Dictatorship c. Oligarchy d. Theocracy

Theocracy

Why was the decade following the War of 1812 called "The Era of Good Feelings"? A American high society had embraced a high standard of morality, which influenced the daily lives of most Americans. B There was a desire for unity among Americans and an end to the bitter partisan disputes between political parties. C The American government signed a record number of peace treaties and trade deals with foreign powers. D New domestic trade routes led to the widespread consumption of tobacco and alcohol by the American public.

There was a desire for unity among Americans and an end to the bitter partisan disputes between political parties.

Which of the following was a negative consequence of the Eighteenth Amendment's prohibition of alcohol? A The entire American economy suffered catastrophic harm due to the loss of alcohol-related industries and agriculture. B The overall health of the American public declined. C America became a laughing stock in the international community. D There was a rise in organized crime focused on supplying illegal alcohol to Americans.

There was a rise in organized crime focused on supplying illegal alcohol to Americans.

What caused the initial resistance to the annexation of Texas by the United States? A Texas owed a tremendous amount of money and there was worry that, should Texas become a state, the United States could not afford to pay the debts. B Most Americans feared that bringing Texas into the Union would upset favorable trade relations with Mexico. C There was concern that Texas would enter the United States as a slave state and upset the balance between free and slave states. D Sam Houston had a poor reputation in Washington, D.C. and was not able to have his case for annexation heard.

There was concern that Texas would enter the United States as a slave state and upset the balance between free and slave states.

What was the primary weakness of the Kellogg-Briand Pact which would eventually be signed by 62 nations? A There was no way to enforce the pact's ban on warfare. B Popular support for the pact quickly dried up and it would be universally revoked. C The wording of the pact left its aims open to conflicting interpretations depending upon its translation. D The pact was signed by participating nations, however most of the signers lacked the political authority to endorse the treaty on behalf of their countries.

There was no way to enforce the pact's ban on warfare.

What was the reaction to Nixon's decision to use American troops to intervene in the Cambodian civil war? A Despite a public backlash, members of Congress largely applauded the move as a key step in resisting the spread of communism. B Congress was not overly enthusiastic about Nixon's decision, but they supported him and helped make the case to the American people that the intervention was not only worthwhile, but crucial. C There was tremendous anger and dissatisfaction from both Congress and the American people. D The reaction to the Cambodian intervention was muted due to the fact that Nixon withheld the bulk of the details about it from both Congress and the American public.

There was tremendous anger and dissatisfaction from both Congress and the American people.

How did inventions like John Deere's steel-tipped plow and Cyrus McCormick's mechanical reaper revolutionize American agriculture? A These inventions made it possible for farmers to plant and harvest faster so farms could produce more crops and earn higher profits. B These inventions led to the end of slave labor's usefulness on Southern plantations. C American farmers were able to produce the new equipment and sell it to European markets for a profit. D all of the above

These inventions made it possible for farmers to plant and harvest faster so farms could produce more crops and earn higher profits.

What was the response of the Austro-Hungarian government to the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand? A They blamed France and, with the help of their allies, went to war against the Triple Entente. B They cautiously investigated the event. C They blamed Serbia and promptly declared war on the Balkan nation. D None of the above.

They blamed Serbia and promptly declared war on the Balkan nation.

Which of the following describes the combat role of African Americans in the Civil War: A They fought in the Union army alongside white soldiers. B They fought in the Union army in segregated regiments. C They fought in large numbers for both the Union and Confederacy. D They fought for the Confederacy in exchange for freedom

They fought in the Union army in segregated regiments.

What was Congress's response to President Truman's "Fair Deal" package of progressive reforms that he proposed in 1949? A A large majority embraced the proposals as crucial to helping Americans adjust to post-war life. B They narrowly passed his proposals, voting along party lines. C A coalition of Republicans and Southern Democrats blocked most of his proposals. D Truman was able to implement most of his proposals without the approval of Congress.

They narrowly passed his proposals, voting along party lines.

What made the Navajo and Apache tribes different from other Native American tribes living in the American Southwest? a. They remained nomadic hunters and gatherers long after most other groups in the area had become settled. b. They relied upon trade with South American cultures for survival. c. They blended their culture with the Spanish settlers to form a powerful alliance. d. They did not believe in war.

They remained nomadic hunters and gatherers long after most other groups in the area had become settled.

Which of the following statements best describes the early opinions of Americans in both the North and South regarding the Civil War? A They thought the conflict would be a long, drawn-out affair B They thought the conflict would be over in a matter of months C They thought the North would win a quick victory D They thought the South would win a quick victory

They thought the conflict would be over in a matter of months

What did the Tennessee Valley Authority, Civilian Conservation Corps, Public Works Administration, and Works Progress Administration all have in common? A They were New Deal programs that put Americans to work improving American infrastructure and public buildings. B They helped revitalize abandoned farms. C They did not gain enough public support to go into effect. D They were all attempts by Republican lawmakers to undermine the success of FDR's New Deal policies.

They were New Deal programs that put Americans to work improving American infrastructure and public buildings.

What was the main issue raised by the World War I veterans that organized and called themselves the "Bonus Army"? A They sought to collect a bonus in exchange for remaining enlisted in the army. B They were promised that they would be paid a bonus in 1945 for their participation in World War I, and the government had no intention of honoring the deal. C They were demanding that the bonus they were promised for their service in World War I be paid early. D They wanted to increase the size of the United States military.

They were demanding that the bonus they were promised for their service in World War I be paid early.

Which of the following is the primary reason that European rulers became interested in trans-Atlantic exploration beginning in the 15th century? A. They were curious about whether or not the world was round. B. They were seeking an oversea trade route to Asia. C. They wanted to become allies with Western Hemisphere natives. D. They were looking to relocate their European empires to a new continent.

They were seeking an oversea trade route to Asia.

What was the significance of the Camp David Accords signed in March on 1979? A They formally ended the cold war. B They were the first peace treaties signed between Israel and an Arab country. C They ensured China and America would remain long-term trade partners. D They created an agreement between Democrats and Republicans to overhaul the American tax system.

They were the first peace treaties signed between Israel and an Arab country.

How did the Daughters of Liberty protest the Townshend Acts? A. They formed militias and attempted to attack British authorities directly. B. They helped coordinate the protests of the Sons of Liberty. C. They petitioned the British Parliament urging for a repeal of the new taxes. D. They worked to find and create alternative options for the British products being boycotted.

They worked to find and create alternative options for the British products being boycotted.

Who was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence? A. George Washington B. Thomas Jefferson C. John Adams D. Benjamin Franklin

Thomas Jefferson

Which of the following best summarizes the results of the Election of 1800? A Thomas Jefferson won the presidency in a landslide. B Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr tied in the Electoral College; the House of Representatives broke the tie and elected Thomas Jefferson. C Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr tied in the Electoral College; the House of Representatives broke the tie and elected Aaron Burr. D Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr tied in the popular vote, so the Electoral College had to be created to break the tie and eventually elect Thomas Jefferson.

Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr tied in the Electoral College; the House of Representatives broke the tie and elected Thomas Jefferson.

What was the result of the Election of 1808? A Thomas Jefferson was defeated for a potential third term by former ally James Madison. B Thomas Jefferson was elected to a third term. C Thomas Jefferson chose not to seek a third term; James Madison defeated Federalist Charles Pinckney. D James Madison was awarded the presidency after running unopposed.

Thomas Jefferson chose not to seek a third term; James Madison defeated Federalist Charles Pinckney.

How were the Japanese and Nazi leaders treated by the global community following the end of World War II? A Those leaders who were unable to disappear into exile were forced to stand trial for war crimes. B The vast majority of Axis leaders sought, and were granted, forgiveness for their acts during the war. C Most Axis leaders accepted responsibility for their actions and did not have to face consequences that were especially severe. D Only a handful of Axis leaders actually made it through the final days of the war alive.

Those leaders who were unable to disappear into exile were forced to stand trial for war crimes

How did the migration of working-class and middle-class families to the suburbs affect those who remained in the inner cities. A Those who were unable to move to the suburbs experienced a worsening state of joblessness and poverty in the inner cities B City-dwellers had more job opportunities, a result of the vast number of people who had moved out C Inner cities flourished due to the rise of new technologies and related job opportunities D Inner cities did not change very much despite the growth of the suburbs

Those who were unable to move to the suburbs experienced a worsening state of joblessness and poverty in the inner cities

How did activist Malcolm X evolve in his beliefs about how African Americans should advocate for themselves? A Throughout his life, Malcolm X advocated that African Americans should take increasingly more radical and violent actions against authority figures and white America. B Malcolm X abandoned his earlier racially charged notions of black supremacy and shifted to a focus on promoting self-determination and self-defense within the African American community. C Malcolm X shifted his focus from a passionate call for civil disobedience to the encouragement acts of violence and aggression towards the American government. D Malcolm X shifted from his initial beliefs in black supremacy to a push for full African American integration into American society.

Throughout his life, Malcolm X advocated that African Americans should take increasingly more radical and violent actions against authority figures and white America.

What was the mission of William Lloyd Garrison's newspaper, The Liberator? A To promote the expansion of slavery into frontier territories B To advocate for the emancipation of slaves C To lobby for a balance between free and slave states D To advocate for the secession of Southern states

To advocate for the emancipation of slaves

Which of the following was a primary objective of the Dawes Act of 1887? A To return large portions of Native American land to the tribes that had once controlled it B To assimilate Native Americans into American society C To prevent Native Americans from gaining US citizenship D To bring more Native American representation into the US government

To assimilate Native Americans into American society

What was the main reason that Lincoln waged war against the South? A To bring the Confederate states back under the laws and control of the United States B To wipe out the Confederacy and destroy the southern states C To abolish slavery throughout the United States D To defend the North from Southern agression

To bring the Confederate states back under the laws and control of the United States

What was the role of Franklin D. Roosevelt's "Brain Trust"? A To come up with progressive solutions to the problems of the Great Depression B To improve medical advancements in neuroscience and help cure his paralysis C To weed out disloyal political associates D To improve the quality of the American education system

To come up with progressive solutions to the problems of the Great Depression

Why was the Erie Canal built? A To connect New York City to the Great Lakes B To connect Lake Erie and Lake Ontario C To connect the Hudson and Potomac Rivers D To connect the Great Lakes to Washington, D.C.

To connect New York City to the Great Lakes

Why was the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) established? A To negotiate trade agreements with the Soviet Union B To create a defensive pact to protect Western Europe and North America from Soviet attacks C To lay the groundwork for ending the Cold War diplomatically D To help European nations successfully transition to communism

To create a defensive pact to protect Western Europe and North America from Soviet attacks

What was George Calvert's intended goal for the colony of Maryland? A. To create a naval base for the British Empire to use in defense of its colonies B. To allow himself, and others like him, the opportunity to escape debts C. To create a society that supported the ideals of the Church of England D. To create a safe haven for Catholics who were being persecuted in England

To create a safe haven for Catholics who were being persecuted in England

What was William Penn's primary purpose in creating the colony of Pennsylvania? A. To create a safe haven in North America for Quakers B. To generate profits from the region's abundant supply of natural resources. C. To create a military outpost to defend against French and Native American threats. D. To be recognized for exploring and charting the Appalachian wilderness.

To create a safe haven in North America for Quakers

Why was the Declaration of Independence written? A. To declare British independence from France B. To declare American slaves' independence from their owners C. To declare American independence from the Patriots D. To declare American colonial independence from Great Britain

To declare American colonial independence from Great Britain

What was the purpose of the Selective Service Act, passed by the United States Congress on May 18, 1917? A To formally declare the United State's entrance into World War I B To establish a military draft C To give women the right to join the Armed Forces D To create job opportunities in military based industries

To establish a military draft

What was the main objective of those who believed in "Manifest Destiny?" A To eliminate Native American tribes from all the lands controlled by the federal government B To remove all European colonies from the Western Hemisphere C To create profitable partnerships with all native cultures in North America D To expand the United States until it stretched from coast to coast.

To expand the United States until it stretched from coast to coast.

What was the primary purpose of the Spanish colonies there were established in North America in the early 1500s? A. To foster friendship between Spaniards and Native Americans B. To establish religious freedom for Spaniards fleeing Europe C. To grow crops for Spain D. To find gold and to spread Christianity

To find gold and to spread Christianity

What was the function of the large labor unions founded in the 1930s like the Congress of Industrial Organizations? A To give workers the ability to negotiate as a group for things like better wages and better working conditions B To create more government jobs to help ease America's growing unemployment rate C To add more government oversight and control over the working class D To generate meaningful statistics about employment rates in the United States

To give workers the ability to negotiate as a group for things like better wages and better working conditions

What was the purpose of the Freedmen's Bureau? A To help African Americans, particularly those who had been enslaved, adjust to life with increased rights and responsibilities B To free slaves from Southern plantations C To ensure that white voters supported anti-slavery laws and policies D To assist Confederate prisoners in returning home safely.

To help African Americans, particularly those who had been enslaved, adjust to life with increased rights and responsibilities

What was the goal of the American Colonization Society? A To establish new American colonies in South America. B To create new colonies on the American frontier for free blacks. C To help free-born American blacks move to Africa. D To prevent the further colonization of South America.

To help free-born American blacks move to Africa.

British taxes on the American colonists, such as the Stamp Act and the Sugar Act, were pass with what intention? A. To hurt the American colonies economically B. To help repay the British debts accrued during the French and Indian War C. To fund infrastructure improvements in the American colonies D. To raise money to fight against the American Revolution

To help repay the British debts accrued during the French and Indian War

What was Britain's primary goal in passing the Tea Act of 1773? A. To raise taxes on British tea sent to the American colonies B. To expand the variety of tea available to consumers C. To help support the financially troubled British East India Company D. To ban the export of tea to the American colonies

To help support the financially troubled British East India Company

What was the main purpose of the traditional Iroquois longhouse? a. To house large groups of families b. To accommodate spiritual ceremonies c. To serve as burial chambers for the dead d. To serve as a military fort

To house large groups of families

What was the purpose of the disarmaments established in the Rush-Bagot Treaty of 1817 and the Convention of 1818? A To lure the British Empire into a false sense of security, with a future attack in mind B To improve relations between the United States and Spain C To improve relations between the United States and the British Empire D None of the above

To improve relations between the United States and the British Empire

What was the primary goal of the colonial Committees of Correspondence? A. To keep lines of communication open between Britain and the American colonies B. To establish a much needed postal system for the American colonies C. To give colonists a forum to communicate with other countries D. To inform and mobilize colonists against unfair British laws and tactics targeting the colonies

To inform and mobilize colonists against unfair British laws and tactics targeting the colonies

What was the purpose of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850? A To legally classify runaway slaves as stolen pieces of property that had to be recovered and returned to their owners B To guarantee escaped slaves their freedom should they make it to a free state C To force slaves who had been convicted of crimes to serve long prison terms D To allow slaves accused of crimes to be tried in Northern courts

To legally classify runaway slaves as stolen pieces of property that had to be recovered and returned to their owners

What was the main purpose of the preamble of the Declaration of Independence? A. To declare independence from British rule B. To list the reasons the American colonies were breaking away from Britain C. To make the case that governments should exist to protect their people's natural rights above all others D. To declare war upon Great Britain

To make the case that governments should exist to protect their people's natural rights above all others

What was the primary focus of those who met in the First Continental Congress, which took place in September 1774? A. To write a declaration of independence B. To organize a colonial response to the passage of the Intolerable Acts C. To elect representatives for the colonial government D. All of the above

To organize a colonial response to the passage of the Intolerable Acts

What were the goals of the Sons of Liberty? A. To draft a Declaration of Independence B. To organize protests and rebellious acts against the British Empire in response to unfair taxes C. To collect information about those participating in the colonial rebellion and relay this information to the British authorities D. To promote the growth of colonial families

To organize protests and rebellious acts against the British Empire in response to unfair taxes

What was a common goal of the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan? A To prevent Soviet expansion and the spread of communism B To rebuild relations with Japan after World War II C To provide financial support for World War II veterans D To suppress future aggressions from the former Axis powers

To prevent Soviet expansion and the spread of communism

What was the purpose of the "slave codes" that were passed in Southern states in the mid-1800s? A To prevent slave rebellion B To give slaves access to a basic education C To provide a secret means of communication for the slave owners D To create a way to classify slaves for the United States census

To prevent slave rebellion

What was the purpose of the Homestead Act of 1862? A To prevent the growth of plantation-style agriculture in the South B To promote the settlement of the Great Plains by offering free land to those willing to farm it for five years C To relocate Native Americans from the Great Plains to the Southwest D To prevent boomtowns from falling into ruin

To promote the settlement of the Great Plains by offering free land to those willing to farm it for five years

What was James Oglethorpe's main purpose for establishing the colony of Georgia in 1732? A. To provide a safe haven for those escaping religious persecution from the Church of England B. To encourage Catholics to migrate to the New World C. To provide new opportunities for England's poor and indebted D. To provide support for Christian missionaries working in the New World

To provide new opportunities for England's poor and indebted

What was the primary purpose of the Reconstruction period following the Civil War? A To reinstate slavery in parts of the United States B To fix damage done to buildings during the war C To rebuild the southern economy and society D To rebuild the depleted military

To rebuild the southern economy and society

What was the primary goal of the Confederacy in fighting the Civil War? A To rejoin the United States B To take control of the federal government of the United States C To remain an independent country where slavery was permitted D To wipe out the Union and destroy the northern states

To remain an independent country where slavery was permitted

What was the purpose of the "Black Codes" which were enacted in Southern states in 1865 and 1866? A To provide African Americans access to government services B To desegregate Southern society and institutions C To restrict the freedom of African Americans and ensure their availability as a cheap labor force D To repeal the slave codes that were in place before the war

To restrict the freedom of African Americans and ensure their availability as a cheap labor force

What was the purpose of the Mayflower Compact? A. To serve as a written set of rules the Plymouth colonists agreed to follow B. To inform officials in England that the Mayflower had arrived safely in the New World C. To set up trading networks with other British colonies in the New World D. To plan for a return trip to England

To serve as a written set of rules the Plymouth colonists agreed to follow

What were the political aims of the Naturalization, Alien, and Sedition Acts? A To make the United States more democratic in it's political practices. B To help immigrants who were living in the United States. C To bolster relationships between the Federalist and Democratic-Republican political parties. D To strengthen the Federalist Party at the expense of the Democratic-Republican Party.

To strengthen the Federalist Party at the expense of the Democratic-Republican Party.

What was the purpose of the Social Security Act? A To further tax the wealthiest Americans B To supply retired Americans with monthly pensions C To help build relations between America and foreign businesses D To support Americans who lost their jobs

To supply retired Americans with monthly pensions

What crop became the key piece in the economic success of the Jamestown colony? A. Wheat B. Tobacco C. Corn D. Sugar

Tobacco

Which of the following created the greatest economic growth for Europeans and their North American colonies during the colonial period? A. Triangular Trade B. The Stock Market C. New knowledge of Native American weapons D. Finding the Northwest Passage

Triangular Trade

Which of the following best describes the Continental Army's experience during the winter of 1777-1778 at Valley Forge: A Troops were in high spirits and well supplied. B Troop morale was low, but the winter provided an opportunity to rest and regroup in comfort. C Troops faced a lack of supplies, rampant desertion, and spreading disease. D Washington used the winter months to recruit and train thousands of new soldiers.

Troops faced a lack of supplies, rampant desertion, and spreading disease.

Who was the first European explorer to discover the Pacific Ocean? A. Vasco Núñez de Balboa B. Hernán Cortés C. Marco Polo D. Ferdinand Magellan

Vasco Núñez de Balboa

Which of the following European explorers was the first to complete an eastern all-sea route to Asia? A. Christopher Columbus B. Marco Polo C. Vasco da Gama D. Ferdinand Magellan

Vasco da Gama

How did Washington help ease relations between the Continental Army and the Continental Congress at the end of the war? A Washington helped ensure army officers had important positions in the new government. B Washington took control of the Continental Congress so that both the government and the military would have a unified leadership. C Washington successfully negotiated between the two parties so that Congress would fund the army's pensions and the Continental Army would remain intact. D Washington helped the Continental Congress plan for a new war to keep the Continental Army employed and fighting.

Washington successfully negotiated between the two parties so that Congress would fund the army's pensions and the Continental Army would remain intact.

Why did many of those who opposed the Vietnam War feel the selective service system was unfair? A There was no consideration given to Americans who were morally and/or religiously opposed to war. B Wealthier Americans and those who could afford to go to college were largely exempted or granted deferments from the draft leaving the working class to fight the unpopular war. C There was no consideration given to the wartime value of certain types of industrial and agricultural workers in assigning deferments. D All of the above.

Wealthier Americans and those who could afford to go to college were largely exempted or granted deferments from the draft leaving the working class to fight the unpopular war.

Which of the following offers the best summary of the American economy during the 1920s? A All areas of the American economy thrived in the 1920s. B While the industrial sector flourished, American farmers, coal miners, and railroad workers found it more difficult to make ends meet. C While agriculture saw a boom, American industry could not withstand losing the boost it had enjoyed during the war. D The entire American economy faced steep declines in the 1920s.

While the industrial sector flourished, American farmers, coal miners, and railroad workers found it more difficult to make ends meet.

Why was the growing conflict between the Soviet Union and the United States known as the "Cold War"? A The majority of the conflict's combat happened in the arctic regions of Siberia. B The conflict began during the winter — a rarity for a military conflict. C While there were arms buildups and acts of intimidation, there was no actual combat between the two nations. D The conflict's military operations were carried out with extreme cruelty and lack of consideration for human life.

While there were arms buildups and acts of intimidation, there was no actual combat between the two nations.

What was the result of the Battle of Tippecanoe? A William Henry Harrison defeated the Shawnee alliance and successfully put down their resistance to American settlement of the West. B Tecumseh and the Shawnee alliance held their ground against the American troops, preventing further American encroachment into Native American territory. C Both sides fought to a draw and negotiated a peaceful settlement to the disputes over western lands. D None of the above.

William Henry Harrison defeated the Shawnee alliance and successfully put down their resistance to American settlement of the West.

What was the premise behind the sharecropping model of agriculture? A Communities would combine their farms' yields to ensure everyone had enough food. B Workers would be given a modest home, supplies, and a small portion of land to farm for personal use in exchange for also farming the landowner's land. C Farmers would collude to drive up prices of certain crops. D The government would pay farmers to grow specific crops that were particularly in demand.

Workers would be given a modest home, supplies, and a small portion of land to farm for personal use in exchange for also farming the landowner's land.

Which of the following could be considered a major impact brought about by William Jennings Bryan's 1896 campaign for president. A Bryan's campaign for president was the first in history to be funded entirely by public donations; it demonstrated that such an approach could be viable. B Bryan's campaign forced the federal government to reevaluate whether voter suppression laws like the poll tax were constitutional. C Bryan's campaign brought numerous populist ideas into the American mainstream; several of these ideas would eventually become law within the next ten years. D all of the above

`Bryan's campaign brought numerous populist ideas into the American mainstream; several of these ideas would eventually become law within the next ten years.

Which of the following groups advocated for and benefitted from the passage of the Rehabilitation Acts of 1972 and 1973? A Native Americans B African Americans C disabled people D unemployed farmers

disabled people

What was the common term used to describe the "liberated women" of the 1920s who famously wore bobbed haircuts and more flamboyant and revealing clothing? A Rosies B Lucies C flappers D jazzers

flappers

What was name given to General Douglas MacArthur and Admiral Chester Nimitz's strategy for attacking the Japanese in the Pacific? A blitzkrieg B island hopping C espionage D total war

island hopping

How did the bureaucracy change during the Progressive Era? a. It reduced the government's regulatory activity. b. it increased the government's regulatory activity. c. It expanded the delivery of government services directly to individuals. d. The spoils system was established.

it increased the government's regulatory activity.

Which improvisational musical art form emerged in the 1920s as a unique mix of blues and southern ragtime? A soul B swing C jazz D rock n' roll

jazz

The Spanish created complexes known as ____________ in the Western Hemisphere as bases to house priests and other Catholic Church personnel. One of their main goals was to provide a launching point to spread the beliefs and doctrines of the Catholic Church to the native populations. A. missions B. forts C. plazas D. courthouses

missions

Despite using questionable business tactics to do so, in what way did the railroad barons' consolidation of the United States' railway system benefit the American people? A railroad travel for both goods and people became more direct and efficient B the costs to ship goods fell to all-time lows C transportation for passengers on Pullman sleeping cars became affordable for even the poorest Americans D all of the above

railroad travel for both goods and people became more direct and efficient

What event finally led to America formally entering the war against the Axis Powers? A the discovery of Nazi concentration and death camps throughout Europe B the formal request made by Winston Churchill to FDR C the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor D the sinking of an American passenger ship by a German U-boat

the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor

What American foreign policy ultimately led America to be involved in the conflict between North and South Vietnam? A the domino theory B the Monroe Doctrine C détente D the open door policy

the domino theory

What was Vietnamization? A the term given to the influence of the Vietnam War on American popular culture B the term given to Richard Nixon's plan to hand over much of the active participation in the Vietnam war to the South Vietnamese and gradually withdraw American troops C the term given to the influence of Vietnamese culture on American G.I.s D the term given to the North Vietnamese tactic of brainwashing American G.I.s to either abandon their missions or switch to the enemy's side

the term given to Richard Nixon's plan to hand over much of the active participation in the Vietnam war to the South Vietnamese and gradually withdraw American troops

What was the main purpose of the SCLC's march in Selma, Alabama in 1965? A to address barriers that were still preventing African Americans from being able to vote B to call for the arrest of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and other prominent southern civil rights activists C to confront the Selma school district's refusal to integrate their schools D to celebrate the success of the civil rights movement

to address barriers that were still preventing African Americans from being able to vote

What was the objective of the march on Washington D.C. that was organized by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and the SCLC in August of 1963? A to violently protest the inaction of the federal government in civil rights matters B to intimidate federal officials with one of the largest gathering of African Americans in history C to demand reparations for the horrors and injustices of slavery D to bring together Americans of all backgrounds in a peaceful demonstration of support for Kennedy's civil rights bill

to bring together Americans of all backgrounds in a peaceful demonstration of support for Kennedy's civil rights bill

What was the goal of President Kennedy's flexible response plan? A to provide America with a way to communicate quickly and effectively with the American people in case of an emergency B to ensure the American military was prepared to engage in guerilla warfare style conflicts C to give local law enforcement officials the right to assess situations and enact a wider range of responses D to expand the number of options available to the State Department when dealing with foreign diplomats

to ensure the American military was prepared to engage in guerilla warfare style conflicts

What was the purpose of the Potsdam Declaration made by the Allies in the summer of 1945? A to declare the war in the Pacific was officially over B to give the Japanese a chance to surrender before Truman ordered the use of the atomic bomb C to announce a partnership between the Philippines and the Allies D to formally apologize for the use of the atomic bomb

to give the Japanese a chance to surrender before Truman ordered the use of the atomic bomb

What was the purpose of the Berlin Wall? A to prevent open travel and communication between East and West Berlin B to prevent open travel and communication between North and South Berlin C to make it difficult for Soviet forces to enter the city of Berlin D to serve as a monument honoring the fallen soldiers from World War II

to prevent open travel and communication between East and West Berlin

What was the aim of the Sherman Antitrust Act? A to protect large corporations from being harassed and penalized by the federal government B to protect American consumers from anti-competitive business activities carried out by large corporations C to limit the liability of consumers should they be injured by the actions of a large corporation D to encourage the formation of large corporations in an effort to bolster efficiency in the American economy

to protect American consumers from anti-competitive business activities carried out by large corporations

What was the purpose of the Panama Canal? A to give America an additional source of revenue by charging a toll for the canal's use B to provide a launching point for a future invasion of Central America C to provide a source of hydroelectric power for Central America D to provide a sea route between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans that avoided having to travel all the way around the southern tip of South America

to provide a sea route between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans that avoided having to travel all the way around the southern tip of South America

What was the aim of the Nazi "final solution"? A to defeat the Allies and control all of the territory in mainland Europe B to totally eliminate the Jewish race C to assassinate the leaders of the Allied nations D all of the above

to totally eliminate the Jewish race