History Test - Civil War Exam

How many African American troops served for the North and how many died?

250,000 African American troops served for the North and 40,000 died.

What were the facts of the case in ex Parte Merryman?

A Maryland man named John Merryman was arrested for being "an active secessionist sympathizer", according to the article. Upon his arrest, he was charged with treason and communicating with Confederates. Because of habeas corpus, Merryman believed that he should have been charged in open civilian court before being put in prison.

Habeas Corpus

A court order that requires authorities to bring a person held in jail, to be brought before court to determine why they are in jail.

presidential powers during the civil war

A president should ideally have increased power in a crisis so that decisions can be made quickly. However, it isn't always guaranteed that a president will make the most rational decisions. This is why it is important to elect trustworthy and logical presidents in the first place -- if there is a guarantee that presidents will always use their power to benefit the country, then it can be said that a president should always have increased power in times of crisis. Lincoln expanded presidential war powers, through suspending habeaus corpus, seizing telegraph offices, and implementing naval blockades

What was Abraham Lincoln's response to the contribution of Blacks in the Civil War?

Abraham Lincoln's response to the contribution of Blacks in the Civil War was that the war could not have been won if it weren't for their valor. There was a museum set up to honor their bravery.

According to the video, what idea did Lincoln's "foster" in the Gettysburg address

According to the video, in the Gettysburg address Lincoln "fostered" the idea that the Civil War was almost like the second American Revolution, in the sense that it was extremely important and brought about new liberties.

How did Congress finance the Civil War

Congress passed the "first progressive income tax" in American history, and they had also floated huge bond issues to the public. On top of that, they had also began printing federal money on green paper called "greenbacks," which would go on to become the first national currency of the US.

How did Lincoln Expand Executive Power during the War?

Lincoln expanded executive power by ordering blockades, suspending habeas corpus and emancipated the slaves.

What did Fredrick Douglass encourage in a newspaper editorial to do?

Frederick Douglass encouraged African Americans to fight for equality and join the Union army in a newspaper editorial.

How were free slaves enticed and what were they promised in order to join the Army?

Free slaves were enticed by being told that they could win their freedom by fighting in the war. They were told that they could free themselves and their family if they fought for the country.

Why was Grant different from other Union Generals?

Grant was different from other Union Generals because he was willing to take many casualties in order to win.

What effect do you think Grant's conditions of surrender at Appomattox had on making the Confederates stop fighting (i.e. lay down your rifles, go home, giving them rations, not taking them all prisoner).

I think that Grant's conditions of surrender had a great effect on making the Confederates stop fighting. These conditions were generous, since many possessions of the Confederates could be kept, and the Confederate men were also allowed rations. Allowing the Confederate army these rights and terms made them more likely to comply without resistance, and was the first step in becoming a unified nation. See classmate answers Reply

Although recruitment speeches promised equality, how were black troops treated in the military and how did they perform?

In the military, black troops were treated poorly and not equally. They performed with distinction and courage nonetheless.

Emancipation Proclamation

Issued by abraham lincoln on september 22, 1862 it declared that all slaves in the confederate states would be free

How did Justice Taney rule (in ex Parte Merriman) ? Do you agree with his ruling?

Justice Taney ruled that Lincoln violated aspects of the Constitution since the president does not have the authority to do such an action, and that only Congress had the power to suspend habeas corpus.

Why was Lincoln's reelection in 1864 in doubt?

Lincol's reelection in 1864 was in doubt because the war was unpopular

Did Lincoln free the slaves?

Lincoln did technically free the slaves but they technically weren't slaves that he was able to free because they were part of the confederacy. A lot say that the slaves set themselves free and Lincoln put the Emancipation Proclamation in act because even if the slaves ran from the south they were still technically owned by people.

According to the Video, what two reasons is Lincoln credited for freeing slaves?

Lincoln is credited for freeing slaves because he pushed for the 13th amendment and he continued the war to its conclusion and made sure that freeing slaves was one of the conditions for peace

When Lincoln asked, "Are all the laws, but one, to go unexecuted, and the government itself go to pieces, lest that one be violated," what did he mean?

Lincoln meant if one law that was executed, due to the right of habeas corpus, would the government become unstable due to that one ignored law? (if we dont break this one law the whole country will fall apart)

define national security

National security is the protection of a nation's citizens, economy, and institutions. The national security agency's purpose is to provide the US with these things.

What effect did "new technology" have on the Civil War.

New technology made the Civil War one of the deadliest, bloodiest wars to date.

In the beginning of the war, Lincoln deliberately tried to downplay the slavery causes, and focused on preserving the Union, - but what other issues, per the video, were important.

Other issues that were important were religion, protecting revolutionary ideals, and extending democracy and Christianity.

What were Sherman's objectives in marching his troops from Atlanta to Savannah?

Sherman's objectives when marching his troops from Atlanta to Savannah were to create a wide path of destruction. The Confederate army tried to cut off his railroad supplies, causing him to abandon his supply lines and travel through Georgia. He destroyed land as he went, wanting to make Southerners exhausted of war. He ended up burning down most of Atlanta. He stated that he wanted to cause the Southerners so much destruction that they would be, "So sick of war that generations would pass away before they could again appeal to it."

Did All soldiers in the North fight because they opposed slavery?

Soldiers in the North fought not only because they opposed slavery, but also to preserve the Union. Additionally, soldiers fought only because they got drafted, not because they were passionate about the union or slavery.

What was the "Path that the North had laid down" that the country followed after the Civil War?

The "path that the North had laid down" that the country followed after the Civil War was the homestead act which encouraged settlement in the West. Land was given to anyone who had 18 dollars and was willing to farm for 5 years.

What does the Constitution say about habeas corpus?

The Constitution states that "the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it" which limits the powers of Congress.

In what three ways was the Emancipation Proclamation part of the Union military strategy?

The Emancipation Proclamation was part of the Union military strategy because it would first help slow the production of resources for the Confederacy. Agriculture and production of goods would be greatly slowed without slave labour. The abolitionist movement was also strong in Britain, and emancipation would discourage Britain from supporting the Confederacy. This made sure that foreign countries would not be in support of the Confederacy. The African Americans that had been freed under the Proclamation also could now enlist in the Union army. This proclamation also solidified that the cause of the war was slavery,

What advantages did the North have to start with?

The North started with the advantages of more people, better resources due to manufacturing, and more mileage of railroads for transportation. The North also had better resources for agriculture making it more productive.

How did the Sanitary Commission improve the medical treatment during the war, and what was its effect?

The Sanitary Commission was able to improve medical treatment during the war by improving hygienic conditions of army camps and recruiting nurses. The commission was able to send out agents to teach soldiers things like how to avoid polluting their water supply. Hospital trains and ships were then developed to transport wounded men from the battlefield. The Sanitary commission had a great effect, as the death rate among Union wounded showed considerable improvement over that of previous wars.

What effect did Mathew Brady's photographs have on the American public?

The effect that Mathew Brady's photographs had on the American public consisted of changing people's thoughts on war. His photographs were staged at times, such as asking soldiers to act dead. The destruction was captured to show those the effects of the Civil War.

What three beliefs about the US did Lincoln describe in the Gettysburg Address?

The first belief about the US Lincoln described in the Gettysburg Address was that this was the step towards becoming one cohesive nation, rather than just a collection of many states. This showed how the US was becoming much more truly united, rather than divided into sections and North/South differences. He also strongly showed the belief that the people who died for this cause did so in great sacrifice, and their contribution was greatly honored. He expressed how they will never be forgotten, because their cause was worthy. Finally, he described the belief that the deaths must not be in vain, and that the nation must not crumble. Lincoln talks about how now the nation must move forward towards a birth of new freedom.

What was the main cause of the civil war, despite what some historians claimed was what?

The main cause of the civil war was slavery.

According to the video what was the most important of the Civil War outcome of the war?

The most important outcome of the Civil War was that the United States was united as a singular country.

what were the two most important Northern Victories of the War?

The two most important Northern Victories of the War were the Battle of Gettysburg and the war in July 1863 for Vicksburg. They helped determine the outcome of the war more, turning the tide.

How did the war affect the economy of the North and the Economy of the south?

The war affected the economies of both the North and South in many ways. To begin with, the Southern plantation system greatly declined due to the amount of slave resistance during the war. The Confederacy also faced a food shortage due to the drain of manpower in the army, the Union occupation of food-growing areas, and the loss of slaves to work in the fields. Due to this, food prices greatly increased which led to inflation. The food shortage was so poor that mobs even began to form. The Union blockade also created shortages of items such as salt, sugar, coffee, nails, needles, and medicines. On the other hand, the effect on the Northern economy was mostly positive. Most industries other than cotton textiles boomed due to the army's need. The draft reduced the available workforce, so labor-saving machines were bought which benefited the companies that manufactured those machines. However, people's standard of living declined due to wages not keeping up with prices, so people that were not free white men would be hired for less pay. Businesses in the North made immense profits.

How did the courage of the African Americans on the battlefield affect the opinions of Whites of European dissent.

Their courage on the battlefield affected the opinions of Whites of European dissent because it was made clear that men of African American dissent were passionate and good at fighting.

Name three actions that Lincoln took to deal with dissent

To deal with dissent, Lincoln first sent federal troops to Maryland after a Baltimore crowd attacked a Union regiment. Any disloyalty was dealt with forcefully. He also suspended in states that showed dissent the writ of habeas corpus (a court order that requires authorities to bring a person held in jail before the court to determine why they are being jailed). This led to Confederate sympathizers to be arrested without trial. Finally, he also seized telegraph offices to make sure that the wires would not be used for subversion.

Battle of Gettysburg

Turning point of the War that made it clear the North would win. 50,000 people died, and the South lost its chance to invade the North.

Conscription (Draft) during the civil war

created to "mandate" enrollment in the U.S army; required people for military duty. The New York Draft Riots occurred in July 1863, when the anger of working-class New Yorkers over a new federal draft law during the Civil War sparked five days of some of the bloodiest and most destructive rioting in US history

Lincoln's reelection in 1864

war weariness strengthened northern democrats and jeopardized Lincoln's prospects for reelection...Sherman attacked from Tennessee and captured Atlanta and boosted northern morale and helped reelect him