Holt Science and Technology: Inside the Restless Earth, Chapter 5, Sections 1 and 2
seismogram
a tracing of earthquake motion that is created by a seismograph
seismograph
an instrument that records vibrations in the ground and determines the location and strength of an earthquake
Richter Scale
a scale that rates an earthquakes magnitude based on the size of its seismic waves
P wave
a seismic wave that causes particles of rock to move in a back-and-forth direction
S wave
a seismic wave that causes particles of rock to move in a side-to-side direction
seismic wave
A wave of energy that travels through the Earth and away from an Earthquake in all directions.
deformation
the bending, tilting, and breaking of the earth's crust; the change in the shape of rock in response to stress
focus
the point along a fault at which the first motion of an earthquake occurs
epicenter
the point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's starting point, or focus
Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale
the scale is a measure of degree with which the earthquake is felt by people and the damage cause by the earthquake
seismology
the study of earthquakes
elastic rebound
the sudden return of elastically deformed rock to its original shape