HTL 230 - Unit 5 Carbohydrates learnsmart
The bacteria used to make yogurt converts much of the lactose in milk to ___________
Lactic acid
Which of the following are disaccharides? Lactose Sucrose Maltose Fructose
Lactose Sucrose Maltose
Soluble fiber is fermented by bacteria in the Stomach Large intestine Small intestine
Large intestine
To reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, a person can Engage in sedentary activities Consume more red meat Consume empty calorie foods lose excess weight
Lose excess weight
An alternate term for "single sugars" is ____________
Monosaccarides
In humans, limited amounts of glycogen are stored in which two sites?
Muscle and liver
Which of the following nonnutritive sweeteners are currently available in the food supply in the united states? Neotame Cyclemate aspartame Acesulfame-K
Neotame Aspartame Acesulfame-K
Which of the following is a sugar alcohol? Acessulfame-K Neotame Sorbitol Aspartame
Sorbitol
The disaccharide that is composed of glucose and fructose is called __________
Sucrose
When added to your food, alternative sweeteners can contribute zero calories or fewer calories per serving than ____________ Sucrose Xylitol Aspartame Sorbitol
Sucrose
The __________ is a value that refelcts the body's blood glucose response after eating a food that supplies 50G of digestible carbohydrates as compared to a standard amount of glucose or white bread
glycemic index
Apples and carrots contain
natural sugars
The type of fiber that can reduce blood cholesterol and glucose levels is __________ fiber
soluble
The alternative sweetener that people with phenylketonuria must avoid is _________ Aspartame Sucralose Saccharin Stevia
Aspartame
Starchy foods include Breads Lettuce Cheese Meats
Breads
Sarah is a college students who wants to increase her fiber intake. What would you recommend? Brown rice Fresh or frozen fruit Refined wheat flour products Nuts, beans, and seeds
Brown Rice Fresh or frozen food Nuts, beans, and seeds
What is the primary difference between dietary fiber and starch? Statch is found in animals while dietary fiber is found in plants Dietary fiber is found in animals while starch is found in plants Dietary fiber cannot be digested by humans but starch can Starch cannot be digested by humans but dietary fibers can
Dietary fiber cannot be digested by humans but starch can
In response to hypoglycemia, the body secretes the hormone___________
Epinephrine
Increasing your intake of dietary _________ may reduce your risk of colorectal cancer
Fiber
The dietary polysaccharide that is not digested and thus passed through the intestinal tract is Glycogen maltose starch fiber
Fiber
In order for a non nutritive sweetener to be considered safe, it must be approved by the
Food and Drug administration
The monosaccharide that tastes the sweetest is __________
Fructose
Diabetes is diagnosed when the body is unable to regulate levels of __________
Glucose
The primary energy fuel for muscle and other cells is __________ Fructose Glucose Galactose Fiber
Glucose
To meet their energy needs, a starving person will sacrifice their skeletal muscles and other tissues to produce ____________
Glucose
What is the primary source of fuel for the body's cells? Fructose Amino Acids Glucose Vitamin C
Glucose
The polysaccharide that breaks down in animal muscle soon after the animal dies is ________ Starch Soluble fiber Glycogen Lactose
Glycogen
High fiber intake are associated with __________ than low fiber intakes. Healthier body weights Stronger muscles A greater risk of constipation Less intestinal gas production
Healthier body weights
You will be diagnosed with metabolic syndrome if you have 3 or more of the following signs: High blood pressure High fasting HDL cholesterol levels High fasting blood glucose levels Large waist circumference
High blood pressure High fasting blood glucose levels Large waist circumference
Although most carbohydrate digestion occurs in the small intestine where does it begin? In the colon In the mouth In the pancreas In the stomach
In the mouth
Dietary fibers that generally does not dissolve in water is called __________ fiber Soluble Insoluble Starchy Hydrophillic
Insoluble
When bacteria in the colon metabolize fiber, they produce __________
Intestinal gases
Polysaccharides contain more than _______ monosaccharides bonded together
10
Approximately, how many times sweeter are nonnutritive sweetners compared to sugar?
200-300 times sweeter
Americans typically consume about __________ teaspoons of added sugars per day 15 8 23 2
23
Based on the DRIs, nutritionally adequate diets should provide _______________% to _______________ of total calories from carbohydrates
45%;65%
Which two amino acids make up the alternative sweetener, aspartame? Cysteine Phenylalanine Aspartic acid Glutamic Acid
Phenylalanine Aspartic acid
Polysaccharides can be used by a plant cell To make plant stems To make muscle To store energy
To make plant stems To store energy
Why is it not a good idea to consume excessive amounts of sugar alcohols?
They can cause diarrhea
What would be a benefit of having sugar alcohols instead of sugars in a food product? They have fewer calories They are cheaper They taste better They are better for the environment
They have fewer calories
Sugar alcohols can cause diarrhea when consumed in large amounts except for
erythritol