HTL 230 - Unit 5 Carbohydrates learnsmart

The bacteria used to make yogurt converts much of the lactose in milk to ___________

Lactic acid

Which of the following are disaccharides? Lactose Sucrose Maltose Fructose

Lactose Sucrose Maltose

Soluble fiber is fermented by bacteria in the Stomach Large intestine Small intestine

Large intestine

To reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, a person can Engage in sedentary activities Consume more red meat Consume empty calorie foods lose excess weight

Lose excess weight

An alternate term for "single sugars" is ____________

Monosaccarides

In humans, limited amounts of glycogen are stored in which two sites?

Muscle and liver

Which of the following nonnutritive sweeteners are currently available in the food supply in the united states? Neotame Cyclemate aspartame Acesulfame-K

Neotame Aspartame Acesulfame-K

Which of the following is a sugar alcohol? Acessulfame-K Neotame Sorbitol Aspartame

Sorbitol

The disaccharide that is composed of glucose and fructose is called __________

Sucrose

When added to your food, alternative sweeteners can contribute zero calories or fewer calories per serving than ____________ Sucrose Xylitol Aspartame Sorbitol

Sucrose

The __________ is a value that refelcts the body's blood glucose response after eating a food that supplies 50G of digestible carbohydrates as compared to a standard amount of glucose or white bread

glycemic index

Apples and carrots contain

natural sugars

The type of fiber that can reduce blood cholesterol and glucose levels is __________ fiber

soluble

The alternative sweetener that people with phenylketonuria must avoid is _________ Aspartame Sucralose Saccharin Stevia

Aspartame

Starchy foods include Breads Lettuce Cheese Meats

Breads

Sarah is a college students who wants to increase her fiber intake. What would you recommend? Brown rice Fresh or frozen fruit Refined wheat flour products Nuts, beans, and seeds

Brown Rice Fresh or frozen food Nuts, beans, and seeds

What is the primary difference between dietary fiber and starch? Statch is found in animals while dietary fiber is found in plants Dietary fiber is found in animals while starch is found in plants Dietary fiber cannot be digested by humans but starch can Starch cannot be digested by humans but dietary fibers can

Dietary fiber cannot be digested by humans but starch can

In response to hypoglycemia, the body secretes the hormone___________

Epinephrine

Increasing your intake of dietary _________ may reduce your risk of colorectal cancer

Fiber

The dietary polysaccharide that is not digested and thus passed through the intestinal tract is Glycogen maltose starch fiber

Fiber

In order for a non nutritive sweetener to be considered safe, it must be approved by the

Food and Drug administration

The monosaccharide that tastes the sweetest is __________

Fructose

Diabetes is diagnosed when the body is unable to regulate levels of __________

Glucose

The primary energy fuel for muscle and other cells is __________ Fructose Glucose Galactose Fiber

Glucose

To meet their energy needs, a starving person will sacrifice their skeletal muscles and other tissues to produce ____________

Glucose

What is the primary source of fuel for the body's cells? Fructose Amino Acids Glucose Vitamin C

Glucose

The polysaccharide that breaks down in animal muscle soon after the animal dies is ________ Starch Soluble fiber Glycogen Lactose

Glycogen

High fiber intake are associated with __________ than low fiber intakes. Healthier body weights Stronger muscles A greater risk of constipation Less intestinal gas production

Healthier body weights

You will be diagnosed with metabolic syndrome if you have 3 or more of the following signs: High blood pressure High fasting HDL cholesterol levels High fasting blood glucose levels Large waist circumference

High blood pressure High fasting blood glucose levels Large waist circumference

Although most carbohydrate digestion occurs in the small intestine where does it begin? In the colon In the mouth In the pancreas In the stomach

In the mouth

Dietary fibers that generally does not dissolve in water is called __________ fiber Soluble Insoluble Starchy Hydrophillic

Insoluble

When bacteria in the colon metabolize fiber, they produce __________

Intestinal gases

Polysaccharides contain more than _______ monosaccharides bonded together

10

Approximately, how many times sweeter are nonnutritive sweetners compared to sugar?

200-300 times sweeter

Americans typically consume about __________ teaspoons of added sugars per day 15 8 23 2

23

Based on the DRIs, nutritionally adequate diets should provide _______________% to _______________ of total calories from carbohydrates

45%;65%

Which two amino acids make up the alternative sweetener, aspartame? Cysteine Phenylalanine Aspartic acid Glutamic Acid

Phenylalanine Aspartic acid

Polysaccharides can be used by a plant cell To make plant stems To make muscle To store energy

To make plant stems To store energy

Why is it not a good idea to consume excessive amounts of sugar alcohols?

They can cause diarrhea

What would be a benefit of having sugar alcohols instead of sugars in a food product? They have fewer calories They are cheaper They taste better They are better for the environment

They have fewer calories

Sugar alcohols can cause diarrhea when consumed in large amounts except for

erythritol