HTP 7

Japanese-Americans living on the West Coast of the United States in early 1942 were sent to internment camps on the alleged grounds that they A were a potential threat to the security of the United States B refused to take a loyalty oath C wished to return to Japan in great numbers D were instrumental in arranging the attack on Pearl Harbor E worked with German and Italian groups to weaken American resolve

A

One reason early twentieth century muckrakers were able to have a significant impact on society was because A sales and circulation of newspapers and magazines increased B most citizens of the United States were already convinced that Jim Crow laws must be overturned C they had the sympathy and support of industrialists like Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller D drought conditions in the Midwest drew attention to social problems E radio programs devoted to the problems in cities attracted wide listening audiences

A

The Palmer raids of 1919 to 1920 were most closely related to the A fear of communism and radicalism B formation of the American Federation of Labor C enforcement of prohibition D rise of racial unrest in the Midwest E enforcement of child labor laws

A

The bracero program encouraged A Mexican workers to come to the United States as temporary laborers from the 1940s to the 1960s B federal courts to protect the civil rights of Mexican Americans in the 1960s C the United States media to broadcast Latino music and movies in the 1980s D Congress to enact more restrictive immigration laws in the 1990s E Latino immigrants to pursue United States citizenship

A

Which of the following emerged during the Progressive Era as the most influential advocate of full political, economic, and social equality for Black Americans? A W. E. B. Du Bois B Frederick Douglass C Booker T. Washington D Ida B. Wells E Langston Hughes

A

Which of the following generalizations can be supported by the information provided in the map above? A Frontier life tended to promote the acceptance of greater political equality for women. B Fewer women lived in the southeastern states than in other parts of the country; therefore, suffrage was less of an issue. C None of the states of the Confederacy granted votes to women before 1920. D The Seneca Falls Movement resulted in gains in the area of political and legal rights for women. E States that made free public education a priority led the way in extending the vote to women.

A

Many anti-imperialists opposed the annexation of the Philippines in 1898 because they believed that A the Philippines should be returned to Spain B United States colonialism in the Philippines was incompatible with the American belief in self-determination C Philippine agriculture would be competing with United States agriculture D the Philippine government was planning an alliance with Mexico E the United States would be drawn into a war with Japan over Pacific territories

B

One means by which President Hoover attempted to fight the Great Depression was A the establishment of the Tennessee Valley Authority B the establishment of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation C a lowering of barriers for free trade D the early payments of bonuses to veterans E direct government aid to the needy

B

The Supreme Court ruling in Korematsu v. United States upheld the constitutionality of A flag burning as a form of free speech B the internment of Japanese Americans as a wartime necessity C prohibiting Japanese workers from immigrating to the United States D private prayer in public schools E excluding Japanese American children from California public schools

B

Which of the following best describes the Harlem Renaissance? A The rehabilitation of a decaying urban area B An outpouring of Black artistic and literary creativity C The beginning of the NAACP D The most famous art show of the early twentieth century E The establishment of the back-to-Africa movement

B

Which of the following messages did the United States government most likely intend to impart in the Second World War poster pictured above? A Promotion of union membership for workers in war industries B Encouragement of greater acceptance of African American workers in wartime industrial jobs C Celebration of the United States policy of racial integration in the armed forces D Response to criticism that corporate profiteering undermined United States war efforts E Counterpoint to the Rosie the Riveter image by showing that men, as well as women, worked in war industries

B

The United States devised the Open Door policy in 1899 in order to A establish a United States colony in China B encourage the Chinese to adopt Western culture C protect United States economic interests in China D prevent European nations from establishing a presence in Chinese territory E assure the right of the Unites States to intervene in China whenever necessary

C

The purpose of the Lend-Lease Act was to A create military bases outside the borders of the United States B lend money to impoverished farmers C provide military supplies to the Allies D provide subsidies to railroads and businesses E exchange scientific information among nations

C

Which of the following correctly describes the Committee on Public Information? A It was the first organization to oppose legalizing abortion. B It was a business lobby against Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal. C It was established to mobilize domestic support for the war effort during the First World War. D It was the effort led by Samuel Adams to rally colonists against British taxes. E It was an antislavery group that formed after the Compromise of 1850.

C

Which of the following is true of American women during the Second World War? A They initiated a visible and highly vocal feminist movement. B They married younger and had more children than women did before or after the war. C Those who took industrial jobs learned new skills and earned better pay than in jobs previously open to them. D They organized labor unions and led strikes demanding better working conditions. E Aside from participating in rationing programs, women contributed little to the war effort.

C

Wilson's Fourteen Points incorporated all of the following EXCEPT A open diplomacy B freedom of the seas C recognition of Allied economic and territorial agreements made during the war D creation of an international organization to preserve the peace and security of its members E national self-determination

C

key goal of the Progressive movement was to A replace capitalism with socialism B transform the United States into an agrarian republic C use government power to regulate industrial production and labor conditions D eliminate class differences in the United States E bring about racial integration in public accommodations

C

During the presidency of William H. Taft, United States policy in Latin America was driven primarily by A the administration's desire to benefit from European colonial inroads in the region B the President's goal of founding an effective Pan-American organization to deal with hemispheric issues C Congress' determination to ameliorate the hostility engendered by Theodore Roosevelt's Big Stick policy D concern for the development of democracy and the protection of civil rights in the region E concern for United States economic and strategic interests in the region

E

Which of the following was most responsible for the change shown between 1938 and 1942 on the chart above? A The illness and death of unemployed workers B A redefinition of unemployment by the United States Census Bureau C Legislation of the second New Deal D Industrial mobilization related to the Second World War E A global economic boom following the Great Depression

D

In 1932 Franklin D. Roosevelt and Herbert Hoover disagreed most strongly about the desirability of A a balanced federal budget B farm price supports C federal aid to corporations D a program of public works E federal relief to individuals

E

One of the principal reasons the "noble experiment" of Prohibition failed was that it led to an enormous increase in A drinking among minors B absenteeism among factory workers C the divorce rate D child abuse E law enforcement challenges

E

The Open Door policy in China called for which of the following? A A consortium of nations to govern China B International acknowledgement of China's right to exclude the trade of any nation C Recognition of Chinese territorial gains in Manchuria D Reduction of foreign tariffs on Chinese goods E Equal commercial access by all nations to the existing spheres of influence in China

E

The Open Door policy of the early twentieth century called for A the continuation of the Monroe Doctrine in the Western Hemisphere B the opening of United States markets to foreign goods C the elimination of passports for international travel D unlimited European immigration into the United States E open access to China for American investment and commercial interests

E

The cartoon above portrays President Wilson trying to A conceal from the public the true reason for United States entry into the First World War B arouse public support for United States entry into the First World War C assess the public's support of his bid for a third presidential term D warn the public that Germany had not been treated fairly at Versailles E arouse public support for the Treaty of Versailles

E

The leaders of the Progressive movement were primarily A farmers interested in improving agricultural production B immigrant activities attempting to change restrictive immigration laws C representatives of industries seeking higher tariffs D workers concerned with establishing industrial unions E middle-class reformers concerned with urban and consumer issues

E

The purpose of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 was to A ease the economic difficulties of sharecroppers and tenant farmers B provide for the distribution of surplus meat and produce to the poor C reapportion electoral districts to give farmers greater representation in Congress D expand agricultural production by subsidizing farmers E raise farm prices by limiting agricultural production

E

"Article X says that every member of the League, and that means every great fighting power in the world, ... solemnly engages to respect and preserve ... the territorial integrity and existing political independence of the other members of the League. If you do that, you have absolutely stopped ambitious and aggressive war." Woodrow Wilson's statement above was made in justification of his A decision to send troops to northern Russia and Siberia after the Bolshevik Revolution B refusal to award Fiume to the Italians C insistence on "open treaties, openly arrived at" D opposition to the resolution on racial equality put forward at the Paris peace negotiations by the Japanese delegation E refusal to accept the "reservations" proposed by Henry Cabot Lodge in the Senate debate over ratification of the Treaty of Versailles

E

"We intend to begin on the first of February unrestricted submarine warfare. We make Mexico a proposal of alliance on the following basis: make war together, make peace together, generous financial support and an understanding on our part that Mexico is to reconquer the lost territory in Texas, New Mexico and Arizona." The message above had which of the following effects? A It helped the Hearst newspapers to garner public support for the war against Spain. B It led to accusations against alleged communists in the State Department. C It resulted in the Palmer raids of 1919. D It was used to justify a declaration of war against Mexico. E It pushed the United States closer to participation in the First World War.

E

All of the following concerns were addressed during the "Hundred Days" of the New Deal EXCEPT A banking regulation B unemployment relief C agricultural adjustment D homeowner mortgage support E court restructuring

E

All of the following contributed to the passage of the Eighteenth Amendment legislating Prohibition in 1919 EXCEPT A the continued efforts of the Anti-Saloon League B the fervor of the First World War lending patriotism to the cause of prohibition C the Progressive belief in social reform D the cumulative impact of state prohibition laws E the high death toll from alcohol-related automobile accident

E

The term "muckrakers" was used in the early twentieth century to refer to A laborers who worked in the meatpacking industry B baseball players who lost important games on purpose to collect large bribes C writers who wrote articles sympathetic to big business D captains of industry who defended the accumulation of wealth in lectures and pamphlets E journalists who wrote articles exposing political corruption and urban poverty

E

The American home front in the Second World War is best described as A politically divided over the wisdom of the American war effort B unaffected by ethnic and racial tensions C economically invigorated by military spending D rededicated to the reform efforts of the New Deal E demoralized by food shortages

C

"As the early years at Hull House show, female participation in that area of reform grew out of a set of needs and values peculiar to middle-class women in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Settlement workers did not set out to become reformers. They were rather women trying to fulfill existing social expectations for self-sacrificing female service while at the same time satisfying their need for public recognition, authority, and independence. In the process of attempting to weave together a life of service and professional accomplishment, they became reformers as the wider world defined them." — Robyn Muncy, historian, Creating a Female Dominion in American Reform, 1890-1935, published in 1991 Which of the following was the most direct effect of the trend described in the excerpt? A The development of the Progressive movement to address social problems associated with industrial society B The emergence of the Populist Party's efforts to increase the role of government in the economy C The election of large numbers of women to political offices D The increased participation of women in factory work

A

All of the following have been cited as reasons for the dropping of atomic bombs on Japan in 1945 EXCEPT the need to A block a planned Japanese invasion of the United States B keep the Soviet Union out of the war against Japan C save American lives D demonstrate American superiority in weaponry to the Soviet Union E force the unconditional surrender of Japan

A

American participation in the Second World War had which of the following major effects on the home front? A A movement of women into factory work B The breakdown of racial segregation in the South C The growth of isolationism in the Midwest D The introduction of a system of national health insurance E A decline in farm income

A

During the 1920s, both the Sacco and Vanzetti case and the rise of the new Ku Klux Klan reflected A public fear and resentment of southern and eastern European immigrants B increased racism resulting from the migration of Black southerners to urban centers in the North C growing lawlessness resulting from the passage of the Eighteenth Amendment (Prohibition) D the decreased influence of fundamentalist religious groups E widespread opposition to Congress' decision to join the League of Nations

A

During the 1930s Black voters overwhelmingly switched from the Republican Party to the Democratic Party because A Black Americans benefited from some New Deal economic policies B the Ku Klux Klan was gaining power within the Republican Party C President Roosevelt actively pursued race reform D southern Democrats widely favored abolishing the poll tax E the Democrats promised to end Prohibition

A

Which of the following is true of the 1935 Social Security Act? A It legislated a tax that transfers money from workers to pensioners. B It provided health insurance for anyone who needed it. C It created benefits for the needy by using taxes on corporate profits. D It made the United States the first industrialized country to provide a social welfare system. E It was ended during the first hundred days of the New Deal.

A

The photo above most likely shows the work of which of the following New Deal agencies? A Civilian Conservation Corps B Farm Security Administration C National Recovery Administration D National Labor Relations Board E Social Security Administration

Answer: A

What was the main reason for the major decrease in the number of Europeans immigrating to the United States in the 1920s? A There was widespread prosperity in Europe after the First World War. B Most European countries passed laws forbidding immigration to the United States. C A significant increase in emigration from Latin America left fewer jobs for European immigrants. D Fear of political persecution after the Palmer raids and the Sacco and Vanzetti case discouraged many Europeans from emigrating. E The United States passed the National Origins Act.

Answer:E

"Chronic wrongdoing, or an impotence which results in a general loosening of the ties of civilized society, may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation, and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the United States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly, in flagrant cases of such wrongdoing or impotence, to the exercise of an international police power." The foreign policy statement above came to be known as A dollar diplomacy B the Roosevelt Corollary C the Truman Doctrine D the Good Neighbor policy E the Alliance for Progress

B

"We believe that the Negro should adopt every means to protect himself against barbarous practices inflicted upon him because of color. "We believe in the freedom of Africa for the Negro people of the world, and by the principle of Europe for the Europeans and Asia for the Asiatics, we also demand Africa for the Africans at home and abroad.... "We strongly condemn the cupidity of those nations of the world who, by open aggression or secret schemes, have seized the territories and inexhaustible natural wealth of Africa, and we place on record our most solemn determination to reclaim the treasures and possession of the vast continent of our forefathers." Marcus Garvey, Declaration of Rights of the Negro Peoples of the World, adopted at the first convention of the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA), August 1920 The ideas expressed in Garvey's declaration drew the most significant support from which of the following? A Presidents favoring colonization efforts B Participants in the Great Migration C Urban Progressive reformers D Former slaves

B

An underlying cause of the Great Depression, which began in 1929, was A excessive government control of business and industry B overproduction in the manufacturing and farm sectors C the budget deficit incurred after the First World War D withdrawal of foreign investments from the United States E the implementation of free-trade policies after the First World War

B

Constitutional amendments enacted during the Progressive Era concerned all of the following EXCEPT A imposition of an income tax B imposition of poll taxes C extension of suffrage to women D prohibition of the sale of alcoholic beverages E procedures for electing United States senators

B

"The Department of Justice will pursue the attack of these 'Reds' upon the Government of the United States with vigilance, and no alien, advocating the overthrow of existing law and order in this country, shall escape arrest and prompt deportation." The declaration above was made by A Louis D. Brandeis B William Howard Taft C A. Mitchell Palmer D Theodore Roosevelt E Robert M. La Follette

C

During the Great Depression, "Hoovervilles" were A government relocation camps for indigent workers B model communities established by the Hoover administration C shantytowns of unemployed and homeless people D soup kitchens financed under New Deal legislation E work projects established by the Hoover administration to revitalize the economy

C

In the 1930s the Great Depression resulted in A a dramatic increase in emigration to Canada B a major migration from California to the Central Plains C an increase in the number of transient people searching for work D a dramatic increase in the number of foreign immigrants E a significant increase in the birth rate

C

Margaret Sanger is best known for her A contribution to the radical suffragist movement B endorsement of coeducation C advocacy for birth control D presidency of the Women's Christian Temperance Union E organization of the Women's Trade Union League

C

African American migration to the urban North during the First World War was due primarily to A racially integrated residential neighborhoods in Northern cities B increased educational opportunities resulting from affirmative-action programs C recruitment efforts by labor unions D expanded job opportunities in Northern factories E encouragement by White Protestant churches in the North

D

During the 1930's, the Great Depression led to A the nationalization of major industries B the strengthening of the family unit and a higher birth rate C a decline in highway construction D a mass internal migration of Americans looking for work E a decrease in labor union membership

D