human anatomy and physiology
NUMBER THE THREE BONES OF THE EAR IN THE ORDER THAT THEY RECEIVE AND RESPOND TO A SOUND WAVE
#1.HAMMER #2.ANVIL #3.STIRRUP
WHICH GLAND IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE "FIGHT OR FLIGHT" RESPONCE?
ADRENAL MEDULLA
A GOITER IS WHAT?
AN ENLARGED THYROID
Localized distortion of light thru the cornea is called
ASTIGMATISM
PITUITARY ADRENAL THYROID PANCREAS
BASE OF BRAIN LOCATED ON KIDNEYS LOCATED IN THE NECK ASSOCIATED WITH THE SMALL INTESSTINE
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING TASTES MAY BE DETECTED AT VERY LOW CONCENTRATION
BITTER
THE PARATHYROID GLANDS AFFECT THE METABOLISM OF __________
CALCIUM
LEUKOCYTES
CELLULAR
TWO WAYS OF ACQUIRING IMMUNITY ARE FIRST, EXPOSURE TO _________, OR SECOND, VACCINATION.
DISEASE
Neurons do not have a nucleus like most cells. True False
False
THE HORMONES INVOLVED IN REGULATING BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS ARE CALLED WHAT?
GLUCAGON AND INSULIN
CHEMICALS THAT REGULATE THE MENSTRUEL CYCLE IS CALLED __________
HORMONES
Difficulty with seeing objects close to the eye is called:
HYPEROPIA - FARSIGHTEDNESS
THE "CONTROL CENTER" FOR THE PITUITARY GLAND IS THE :
HYPOTHALAMUS
A FAMOUS BACTERIAL SKIN DISEASE MENTIONED IN THE BIBLE IS CALLED ___________
LEPROSY
THE RATE AT WHICH CHEMICAL REACTIONS OCCUR IN THE BODY IS KNOWN AS WHAT?
METABOLISM
THE PRIMARY NERVE WHICH TRANSMITS THE SENSATIONS OF SMELL IS CALLED THE
OLFACTORY NERVE
WHERE DO THE ANTIBODIES COME FROM WHEN A PERSON IS VACCINATED?
OWN BODY CELLS
A DISEASE CAUSING MICROORGANISM IS CALLED WHAT?
PATHOGEN
The layers of the eye are the ___________. (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
SCLERA , RETINA , CHOROID
THE INNER EAR MECHANISM WHICH SENSES ORIENTATION AND BALANCE IS THE :
SEMICIRCULAR CANALS
SKIN
STRUCTURAL
TISSUES LINING HOLLOW ORGANS
STRUCTURAL
THE HORMONES IN BOYS RESPONSIBLE FOR PRODUCING MALE CHARACTERISTICS ARE CALLED WHAT?
TESTOSTERONE AND ANDROGEN
THE TYMPANIC MEMBRANE IS
THE EAR DRUM
A concussion causes disruption of brain function. True False
True
Night blindness can be caused by a deficiency of
VITAMIN A
"Motor end plates" are associated with: dendrites axon muscle contraction sensory neuron transmitter chemicals synapse
axon muscle contraction transmitter chemicals
How do nerve signals pass through the synapse? by polarization by acetylcholine by chemical reactions by axon connections
by acetylcholine by chemical reactions
The brain and the spinal cord are considered the nervous system.
central
The largest and uppermost part of the brain is called the: cerebrum cortex cerebellum medulla
cerebrum
Match the related items. 1. neurons cerebellum 2. electrical relay medulla 3. voluntary muscles thalamus 4. right body cerebral cortex 5. coordination frontal lobe 6. involuntary muscles left hemisphere 7. emotions/ visual/ thought cerebrum
cerebrum 7 left hemisphere 4 cerebellum 5 medulla 6 thalamus 2 cerebral cortex 1 frontal lobe 3
Match the following vocabulary words. 1. A transmitter chemical that causes muscle contraction 5 epilepsy 2. Fluid within the meninges around the brain and spinal cord 6 polarized 3. An enzyme which neutralizes acetylcholine at the synapse 3 cholinesterase 4. A graph showing the brain's electrical activity 1 acetylcholine 5. A brain problem that causes seizures 2 cerebrospinal fluid 6. Separation of charge in the neurons that prepares them for transmitting an impulse 4 electroencephalogram
epilepsy 5 polarized 6 acetylcholine 1 cerebrospinal fluid 2 electroencephalogram 4 cholinestera 3
Match the related units of a neuron. polarization . branching "tree-like" structure . single thread . space between neurons . transmits signal from cell body . receives signals . electrical cable.
impulse dendrite axon synapse axon dendrite multiple axons
What is the purpose of all the folds in the cerebrum? provides a gray color increases the surface area absorbs shock none of the above
increases the surface area
Impulses travel through neurons because of the reversal of .
membrane polarization
A neuron is a cell.
nerve
(Choose the one that best answers the question.) The system allows us to interact with our environment, the physical world.
nervous
Gathering and interpreting information is a function of the: endocrine system nervous system muscular system circulatory system
nervous system
The main purpose of the cerebrospinal fluid is for .
protection
What is the "reflex arc"? rapid response of the brain to stimuli impulse circuit from neurons to spinal cord to brain sensation and reaction circuit bypassing the brain sensation and reaction circuit bypassing the spinal cord
sensation and reaction circuit bypassing the brain
Match these activities. 1. contains many sensory areas synapse 2. measures electrical changes of the heart frontal lobe 3. fatty layer around axons parietal lobe 4. measures brain waves cranial nerve 5. willful muscle contraction; emotions spinal nerves 6. sensations for hearing, taste, and smell electroencephalogram 7. space between neurons temporal lobe 8. vagus nerve electrocardiogram 9. spinal cord - input/output sheath
synapse 7 spinal nerves 9 frontal lobe 5 cranial nerve 8 sheath 3 electroencephalogram 4 electrocardiogram 2 parietal lobe 1 temporal lobe 6
The spinal cord runs through and is protected by the .
vertebrae
#1.AUDITORY NERVE #2.COCHLEA #3.DERMIS #4.EPIDERMIS #5.OLFACTORY NERVE #6.AURICLE #7.SEMICIRCULAR CANAL #8.TYMPANIC MEMBRANE
#1.THE NERVE THAT TRANSMITS SOUND IMPULSES TO THE CEREBRAL CORTEX #2.THE SNAIL SHAPED STRUCTURE WHICH TRANSLATES SOUND VIBRATIONS INTO NERVE IMPULSES #3.THE INNER LAYER OF SKIN #4.THE OUTERMOST LAYER OF SKIN #5.THE NERVE THAT SENDS SMELL MESSAGES TO THE BRAIN #6.CATCHES AND DIRECTS SOUND WAVES #7.A STRUCTURE IN THE INNER EAR COMPOSED OF THE LOOPED TUBES #8.THE EAR DRUM
THE PERIODIC DISINTEGRATION AND REPLACEMENT OF THE ENDOMETRIUM IS CALLED THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE AND OCCURS ONCE EVERY __________
28 DAYS
ALLERGEN
A HARMLESS ANTIGEN THAT STIMULATES AN IMMUNE RESPONSE
VICCINE
A HARMLESS FORM OF VA DISEASE CAUSING ORGANISM THAT BUILDS IMMUNITY TO THE DISEASE
The pupil of the eye is :
A HOLE THRU THE CENTER OF THE ANTERIOR CHOROID
ANTIBODY
A PROTEIN PRODUCED BY THE BODY TO COMBAT FOREIGN PARTICLES
ANTIGEN
A SUBSTANCE THAT STIMULATES THE PRODUCTION OF AN ANTIBODY
THE OUTER EAR CONSISTS OF
AUDITORY AURICLE
The axons of the retinal culminate in the optic nerve which forms a ________ spot on the retina.
BLIND
PHAGOCYTOSIS
CELLULAR
THE LOWER OPENING OF THE UTERUS WITHIN THE VAGINA IS CALLED THE __________
CERVIX
ANTIBODIES
CHEMICAL
ANTIGEN
CHEMICAL
THE INNER EAR MECHANISM WHICH CONVERTS MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS INTO NERVE IMPULSES IN THE :
COCHLEA
The photoreceptor cells which are sensitive to colors are called the ________.
CONES
DISEASE WHICH CAN BE TRANSMITTED FROM ONE PERSON TO ANOTHER IS WHAT?
CONTAGIOUS
CHEMICALS THAT ORIGINATE AND HAVE THEIR EFFECTS IN THEIR LOCAL TISSUE ENVIRONMENT ARE CALLED WHAT?
CYTOKINES AND PARACRINE
GLANDS WHICH SECRETE HORMONES DIRECTLY INTO THE BLOODSTREAM ARE CALLED THE ___________ GLANDS.
ENDOCRINE
THE _________ GLANDS ARE THE OVARIES AND TESTES.
ENDOCRINE
THE ___________ THE THICKENED WALL OF THE UTERUS IS THE STRUTURE THAT FURNISHES NUTRIENTS TO EMBRYO THRU THE __________
ENDOMETRIUM AND PLACENTA
THE HORMONES IN GIRLS RESPONSIBLE FOR DEVELOPING FEMALE CHARACTERISTICS ARE CALLED WHAT?
ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE
GLANDS WHICH SECRETE HORMONES THROUGH DUCTS ARE CALLED THE ___________ GLANDS.
EXOCRINE
A MATURE OVUM MUST TRAVEL THRU THE ______________ TUBE IN ORDER TO REACH THE UTERUS.
FALLOPIAN
ADRENALINE IS SECRETED BY THE PITUITARY GLANDS?
FALSE
ALL IMMUNITY IS DEVELOPED AFTER BIRTH?
FALSE
THE DISEASE WITH HIGH BLOOD SUGAR IS HYPOGLYCEMIA?
FALSE
THE PLACENTA SUPPLIES THE BABY WITH THE MOTHERS BLOOD DURING DEVELOPMENT?
FALSE
THE SKIN FUNCTIONS SOLELY AS PART OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM?
FALSE
True or False? The lens of the human eye is fixed in shaped.
FALSE
THE SPERM CELL TRAVELS TO THE OVUM BY THE MOTION OF THE __________
FLAGELLUM
The ultimate function of ciliary muscles is to _________ the eye.
FOCUS
The area of the with a concentration of cones is the :
FOVEA
WHEN ASCENDING IN AN AIRCRAFT, THE PRESSURE IN THE MIDDLE EAR, RELATIVE TO THE OUTER AIR, WILL:
INCREASE
WHICH FUNCTIONS OF THE SKIN ARE LOST WHEN A PATIENT IS BURNED?
INSULATION COOLING WATER RETENTION INFECTION RESISTENCE
FAT CELLS NERVE ENDINGS CAPILLARIES HAIR SHAFT COOLING
INSULATION TOUCH FOOD SUPPLY FOLLICLE SWEAT GLAND
WHICH ELEMENT DOES THE THYROID NEED TO FUNCTION PROPERLY?
IODINE
The portion of the eye that acts as a camera shutter is the :
IRIS
IN WHICH PART OF THE EAR DOES PRESSURE NEED TO BE EQUALIZED WHEN CHANGING ALTITUDE OR SCUBA DIVING?
MIDDLE EAR
AN IMPORTANT FUNCTION OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS IS:
MONITOR CHEMICAL IMBALANCES IN THE BLOOD PROTECT AGAINST EXCESSIVE HORMONE BUILD UP
Difficulty with seeing distant objects is called:
MYOPIA - NEARSIGHTEDNESS
THE REGULATION OF BLOOD SUGAR IS ACCOMPLISHED BY THE ORGAN CALLED THE ____________
PANCREAS
SNAKE BITE ANTIVENIN IS AN EXAMPLE OF :
PASSIVE IMMUNITY ACQUIRED IMMUNITY
THE "MASTER" GLAND WHICH REGULATES THE ACTIVITIES OF ALL THE GLANDS IS CALLED THE __________ GLAND.
PITUITARY
THE GROWTH OF SKELETAL BONES IS CONTROLLED BY A HORMONE FROM THE :
PITUITARY
THE HORMONE VASOPRESSIN, OR ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE, RESPONSIBLE FOR REABSORPTION OF WATER BY THE KIDNEYS IS SECRETED BY THE _________ GLAND.
PITUITARY
A SERIOUS SKIN DISEASE RESULTING IN PATCHES OF DEAD SKIN CELLS DROPPING OFF IS CALLED ________
PSORIASIS
The eye layer which receives light images is the _________.
RETINA
The retinal cells responsible for night vision are:
RODS
Off center viewing of a dim object at night is helpful because:
THE FAINT OBJECT WILL FOCUS OFF THE FOVEA
THE SUBUNIT (ORGANELLE) OF THE SPERM WHICH SUPPLIES THE ENERGY FOR MOTION IS ___________
THE MITOCHONDRIA
COLOR BLINDNESS HYPEROPIA NIGHT BLINDNESS MYOPIA ASTIGMATISM
TROUBLE DISTINGUISHING COLORS EYEBALL TOO SHORT VITAMIN A DEFICIENCY EYEBALL TOO LONG LIGHT REFRACTED ASPHERICALLY
CANCER AND SICKLE CELL ANEMIA ARE NOT INFECTIOUS DISEASES?
TRUE
THE CELL RECEPTORS WHICH TRANSMIT PAIN ARE BENEFICIAL?
TRUE
THE OVARIES RELEASE THE FEMALE GAMETE EACH MONTH?
TRUE
True or False? A light image formed on the retina is inverted.
TRUE
Protective membranes surrounding the brain are called .
the meninges
