Human anatomy TEST 1 PRACTICE

There are ____ different systems that make up the human body.

11

The stages of the cell cycle occur in the following order:

G1, S, G2, mitosis

The transformation of a single fertilized human egg cell into a unique individual is a good example of what human life process?

differentiation

Which of the following types of membranes secretes fluid that lubricates the cartilage on the ends of bones in movable joints? cutaneous epithelial mucous serous synovial

synovial

The basic "problem" with cancer cells is that...

they lack control of cell division

What is the following is/are true regarding the basement membrane?

-It helps keep epithelial cells together. -It helps "connect" epithelial cells with connective tissue. -It provides a pathway for the migration of epithelial cells. - It helps keep epithelial cells together and it helps "connect" epithelial cells with connective tissue

Which of the following involves movement of a substance from an area of high concentration to low concentration? 1 diffusion 2 facilitated diffusion 3 active transport 2 facilitated diffusion

1 diffusion 2 facilitated diffusion 2 facilitated diffusion

Which of the processes listed below is an active process that requires cellular energy supplied by ATP? 1 facilitated diffusion 2 active transport 3 osmosis 4 diffusion 5 endocytosis

2 active transport; 5 endocytosis

In passive processes, substances move across the plasma membrane 1. with the use of ATP 2. up (or against) a concentration gradient 3. down (or along) a pressure gradient 4. equally in all directions

3 only

Which of the following is a false statement about epithelium? -Cell junctions are plentiful in epithelial tissue. -Epithelial tissue is a highly vascular tissue. -Epithelial cells are replaced continuously by mitosis. -Epithelial tissues consist of cells arranged in single or multiple layers.

Epithelial tissue is a highly vascular tissue.

The plasma membrane is primarily made of?

Phospholipids

The names of the serous membranes that cover the lungs, the heart, and abdominal cavity are ________, respectively.

Pleura, pericardium, peritoneum

what is true regarding receptor-mediated endocytosis?

Vesicles transport receptors back to the plasma membrane. A ligand binds specifically with a receptor on the extracellular surface of the plasma membrane. Some transport vesicles fuse with a lysosome, which essentially breaks down the contents.

Epithelial tissues play which important roles in the body?

absorption filtration protection secretion

Which type of junction involves a very strong connection involving protein filaments?

adherens junction

Which of the following is a vascularized tissue? adipose tissue hyaline cartilage keratinized stratified squamous epithelium simple cuboidal epithelium

adipose tissue

Which type(s) of cell junctions are found in epithelial tissues? tight junctions adherens junctions desmosomes all of these

all of these

Connective tissue may contain which of the following fibroblasts plasma cells macrophages and mast cells all of these choices

all of these choices

Which of the following help maintain the selective permeability of a plasma membrane? diffusion facilitated diffusion active transport osmosis all of these choices

all of these choices

What factors account for the observation that tissues heal faster and leave less obvious scars in the young than in the aged?

better nutritional state in the young aged tissues have a worse blood supply cells have a higher metabolic rate in the young

Which type of muscle tissue is involuntary and contains desmosomes and gap junctions in structures called intercalated discs?

cardiac

Which of the following would take the longest time to heal? cartilage adipose bone stratified squamous epithelium

cartilage

Epithelial tissues can be classified into various categories according to

cell shape and number of layers

Which of the following is NOT one of the major types of connective tissue? cartilage loose dense bone compact

compact

Which of the following tissues help "bind and support" body parts? connective epithelial muscular nervous

connective

The tissue that contains erythrocytes, leukocytes, and plasma belongs to which tissue group?

connective tissue

Extracellular fluid includes all of the following except: interstitial fluid plasma cytosol lymph

cytosol

The fluid that surrounds the organelles is known as:

cytosol

What outlines the order in which information is usually communicated through the parts of a neuron to other cells?

dendrite, cell body, axon

What is the most prevalent type of tissue within the visible outer ear (auricle)?

elastic cartilage

Which of the following is not located in the nucleus? histones chromatin endosome nucleolus

endosome

Which of the following tissues make up glands?

epithelial

Which of the following is the process by which glucose is transported into cells of the human body?

facilitated diffusion

Which of the following types of cells, found in connective tissue, are the most abundant? macrophages adipocytes mast cells fibroblasts white blood cells

fibroblasts

The structure of the plasma membrane is best described as a ________

fluid-mosaic model (phospholipid bilayer not lipid)

Which type of junction includes "micro tunnels" that are formed between two cells?

gap junction

Adjacent cardiac muscle cells need to communicate with each other extremely quickly. Which type of cell junction would best help accomplish this? tight junction adherens junction desmosomes gap junctions

gap junctions

Which of the following types of cell junctions allow communication between cells?

gap junctions

A cell is recognized as "self" or "non-self" by its?

glycocalyx

Modifying (a substance) and packaging are best associated with which organelle?

golgi complex

what is NOT considered one of the major regions of the body?

hands and feet

What abdominopelvic region contains the urinary bladder?

hypogastric (pubic) region

Food proteins are broken down into amino acids, building blocks that can then be used to build new proteins that make up muscles and bones. This is a good example of what human life process?

metabolism

The components of the cytoskeleton that help determine cell shape and also function in the transport of organelles are the:

microtubules

Production of ATP (cellular respiration) is best associated with which organelle?

mitochondrion

Which of the following tissues has as a distinguishing characteristic, the ability to contract (shorten)? connective epithelial muscular nervous

muscular

Which type of tissue detects changes in a variety of conditions inside and outside the body? connective epithelial muscular nervous

nervous

Neuroglia are cells in nervous tissue that what?

nourish, support, and protect neurons

A system in the body is composed of related _______ with a common function.

organs

Organelles that are similar to small lysosomes, contain enzymes, and are important in detoxification are called _____.

peroxisomes

Aidan was building a wooden fort in his backyard. He stepped on a sharp nail that pierced through his shoe into the bottom of his foot. What portion of his foot was injured?

plantar

Which of the following is a sign of disease? headache anxiety nausea rash

rash

All three types of fibers (collagen, elastic, and reticular) are found in which of the following tissues?

reticular connective tissue hyaline cartilage tendons areolar connective tissue

Which of the following structures is not bounded by a membrane?

ribosome lysosome nucleus golgi complex

Proteins that will be exported from the cell are produced by?

ribosomes attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum

Rough endoplasmic reticulum differs from smooth endoplasmic reticulum in that it has _____ associated with it; therefore rough endoplasmic reticulum assists in the production and temporary storage of _____.

ribosomes, proteins

The membrane covering the outer surface of the heart is a _____ membrane.

serous

Microvilli are most likely to be found in which type of tissue?

simple columnar epithelium

Which of the types of muscular tissue is best associated with the movement of our hands and legs?

skeletal

Cardiac muscle cells (fibers) have the following anatomical characteristic(s) several nuclei parallel unbranched fibers striations all of these choices

striations

Which type of junction retards the passage of substances between two neighboring cells?

tight junction

Which anatomical plane divides the body into top and bottom "halves"?

transverse

Your spleen is located in which abdominopelvic quadrant?

upper left

The membrane covering the outer surface of the lungs is called the _____.

visceral pleura

`The serous membrane covering the lungs is called the:

visceral pleura