Human Body Systems
Excretory system
the body system that helps rid the body of wastes, toxins, and excess water or nutrients; major organs include kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra
Skeletal system
the body system that protect and supports the body; has five functions - provides shape and support, allows movement, protects tissues and organs, stores certain materials, produces blood cells; major organs include the bones
Muscular system
the body system that supports the body and enables it to move; major organs include skeletal muscles, smooth muscles, cardiac muscles
Digestive system
the body system that takes in, breaks down, and absorbs nutrients that are necessary for growth and maintenance; major organs include mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, rectum/anus
Cell
the smallest unit of an organism that can perform life functions; may be specialized such as nerve, blood, or bone cells
Pathogen
tiny organisms that cause infectious diseases; may be bacteria, viruses, fungi, or protists
Disease
condition in which the normal function of some part of the body is disturbed
Diabetes
noninfectious disease in which the body either secretes too little insulin or isn't able to use the insulin that it does secrete
Immune system
parts of the body that act together to protect the body against infection or disease; is responsible for distinguishing between different kinds of pathogens and reacting to each according to its type
Tissues
similar type cells that perform the same function (e.g. all muscle tissue contracts); four types - nerve, muscle, epithelial, connective
Respiratory system
the body system in which oxygen is brought into the body and carbon dioxide is released; major organs include nose, trachea, bronchi, lungs, diaphragm
Nervous system
the body system of specialized cells that carry messages throughout the body; directs behavior, movement, and processes of the body; major organs include brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves
Circulatory system
the body system responsible for carrying materials through out the body; major organs include heart, blood vessels
Integumentary system
the body system that covers and protects the body; major organ is the skin
Strep-throat
bacterial disease caused by streptococcus that invade cells in the throat
Athlete's foot
a common fungal infection of the skin of the feet
Skin cancer
a disease in which cancer cells are found in the outermost layers of the skin
Infectious disease
a disease that can be spread from one person to another
Noninfectious disease
a disease that is not caused by a pathogen and cannot be spread from person to person
Asthma
a disorder in which the respiratory passages narrow causing shortness of breath
Organ systems
a group of two or more organs working together for a specific job; e.g. the digestive system
Flu / Influenza
a highly contagious viral infection of the respiratory system
Parkinson's disease
a movement disorder that occurs when nerve cells in the brain die or become damaged
Organs
a structure made up of different types if tissues that work together to do a specific job; e.g. the heart is made of muscle and connective tissue
AIDS
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; is a viral disease that attacks the cells in the immune system making the body unable to fight off other pathogens that may attack the body
Colds
an illness caused by a viral infection located in the respiratory system
