HUSH Cold War Study Guide
What was the space race? What was 'Sputnik' to the Russians?
A race between the U.S and Soviet Union to see who can achieve superior space flight capability. The sputnik to the Russian was the world's first artificial satellite.
Who was Joseph McCarthy?
A senator who headed a committee to investigate communist activities in America
How did defense spending on the Vietnam War impact many Americans?
Caused several problems for the American economy.
How did the President's ability to conduct military operations change following the end of the war in Vietnam?
The War Powers Act forced the President to consult with Congress before all military actions.
What is the significance of the 38th parallel in Korea?
A boundary between Soviet and American occupation zones.
How did Martin Luther King, Jr, view the Vietnam War?
Against American involvement in Vietnam.
What does Article 5 of the NATO Treaty promise?
An Attack on any one of the 30 allies will be considered an attack on them all.
How did most Americans feel about the Vietnam War in 1968 compared to 1966?
At the beginning the people generally were supportive of it but by 1966, more people believed it was a mistake.
What is the 'Americanization' strategy recommended by Robert McNamara and William Westmoreland?
Attempt to drain them of manpower and supplies.
How did General MacArthur view the involvement of China in the Korean War?
Feared that communist government of people's republic of China will view the invasion as a hostile and intervene in the conflict.
Why did the HUAC target the film industry?
Fearing a conspiracy that would inject propagandas into productions and recruit movie going Americans to communism.
What did the Marshall Plan hope to accomplish and how was it going to do it?
Halt the spread of communism on the European continent. Required a reduction of interstate barriers and dropping of many regulations.
What strategy did President Johnson's advisors insist was necessary to winning the war in Vietnam?
Have a more forceful approach and send US troops to bolster the South Vietnam Army.
What is Eisenhower's 'domino theory'?
If one country in a region came under influence of communism, then the surrounding countries would also fall in communism.
Why did China fall to communism and what impact did it have on the Cold War?
Incompetence of Roosevelt's policy.
How and why did the era of McCarthyism end?
It ended in 1954 because McCarthy accused Department of States and other government agencies in Washington being full of Communist.
How did the Berlin Airlift help West Germans in Berlin? Was it successful?
It provided food and supplies for the German citizens. It was necessary and it turned to be successful.
In what way was the US decision to support the French in Indochina a departure from its usual foreign policy?
It remained neutral and the US even encourage France to negotiate.
Who were Alger Hiss and Julius Rosenberg?
Only Americans executed for being communist spies. Sape-goats that American politicians blamed for the Cold War.
How did Americans express their disapproval of the Vietnam War and particularly, the draft?
Students took part by not attending to school and many protested on the grounds of universities.
What military strategy did President Nixon employ in Vietnam early on in his presidency?
The "Vietnamization". The strategy that aimed to reduce American involvement in the Vietnam war by transferring all military responsibilities to South Vietnam.
How did US policy in Vietnam change following the Tet Offensive?
The U.S objective shifted to finding a face-saving way to get out of Vietnam.
Why was the Selective Service System criticized as another example of social injustice?
The draft was not fair.
What is the Truman Doctrine?
The principle that the US should give support to countries or peoples threatened by Soviet forces or communist insurrection.
What political effects did the Korean War have?
The war shattered the economies of not and south Korea.