IB SEHS B.2 Motivation
Goal Orientation Theory
An individual's main concern is to demonstrate high ability and to avoid demonstrating low ability
Attribution Theory
Belief that achievement can be attributed to effort, ability, level of task difficulty, or luck; reasons players provide for their success or failure
Achievement motivation theory
Explains how motive to achieve and motive to avoid failure influence behavior
ego orientation
Focus on demonstrating superior ability compared to others and on winning in competitions with less effort than others
Task orientation
Focus on mastery of task, the learning of skills, exerting effort and self-improvement
Intrinsic motivation
Is associated with doing an activity for itself and for the pleasure and satisfaction derived from participation
Extrinsic motivation
Results from external rewards such as money, trophies, and prizes
Self-serving bias
Tendency for most people to adopt external attributions and blame other factors after a loss or to use internal reasons to explain the outcome after a win
Motivation
The direction and intensity of one's effort
Autonomy
The need to make our own decisions and to be in control of one's own behavior
Identified regulation
We participate bc we feel its personally important to do so and we value the activity; when athletes devote hours to mundane drills - know they will help them improve but they don't necessarily enjoy them
Introjected regulation
We participate because we feel we should and to avoid disapproval or guilt
Learned helplessness
When an individual perceives that his or her failure is due to a lack of ability and their actions have no effect on the outcome of the task
Achievement motivation theory: Resultant tendencies
approach success or avoid failure
Achievement motivation theory: Personality factors
motive to achieve success or motive to avoid failure
Achievement motivation theory: Emotional behaviors
pride of success or shame of failure
Achievement motivation theory: Situational factors
probability of success and incentive value of success
integrated regulation
the activity is important because of valued outcome rather than interest in activity for itself; example: completing daily stretching to improve track performance
Self determination theory
the degree to which your behaviors are chosen and self-initiated; focuses on 6 different levels of motivation